SDS electrophoresis of legume seed proteins in horizontal ultrathin-layer pore gradient gels

Summary Horizontal SDS electrophoresis of 18 legume seed protein extracts was performed in ultrathin-layer polyacrylamide gels on foil supports. Separation results of the SD S pore gradient electrophoresis (T=4–22.5%) are compared to those of SDS electrophoresis in a constant pore size gel (T=10%). Resolution as well as the sensitivity (0.1 g protein per band) of the ultrathin-layer SDS pore-gradient electrophoresis were extremely high. Because of the very low gel thickness, separation, staining and drying were completed in substantially shorter times than achieved with conventional thick gels. An easy technique for casting ultrathin-layer (360 gm) concave gradient gels for 10 cm separation distance and a width of 25 cm is described. The even distribution of the concave exponential pore-gradient over the whole gel width is demonstrated. Molecular weights of the legume proteins are detected from 5,000 to 110,000 daltons. The protein patterns are genus- and species-specific.

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Horizontale Ultradünnschicht SDS-Gradientengel-Elektrophorese von Leguminosensamenproteinen

Zusammenfassung Die ausgezeichnete Trennschärfe der horizontalen Ultradünnschicht-SDS-Gradienten-gel Elektrophorese wird am Beispiel von Samenproteinen 18 verschiedener Leguminosengattungen, -arten und -sorten gezeigt. Es werden die Trennergebnisse der SDS-Elektrophorese mit Gelgradienten (T=4-22,5%) bzw. mit Gelen konstanter Porengröße (T=10%) verglichen. Das höchste Auslösungsvermögen und die beste Trennschärfe zeigen ultradünne Gradientengele. Die Nachweisempfindlichkeit ist bei allen Ultradünn-schicht-SDS-Elektrophoresen sehr hoch (0,1 g Protein/Bande). Da die auf Folie polymerisierten Gele sehr dünn sind (360 m) kann mit wesentlich verkürzten Trenn-, Färbe-, Entfärbe- und Trocknungszeiten gear-beitet werden. Es wird eine einfache Herstellung ultradünner Polyacrylamidgele mit exponentiellen konkaven Gradienten für die Trenndistanz von 10 cm mit einer Breite von 25 cm beschrieben. Die gerade und gleichmäßige Verteilung des Gradienten über die gesamte Gelbreite wird gezeigt. Mit der beschriebenen Methode werden bei den untersuchten Leguminosen-proteinen Molekulargewichte von 5 000 his 110 000 Dalton gefunden. Die Proteinmuster erweisen sich als gattungs- und artspezifisch.

     

Vapour pressures and saturated-liquid volumes for heavy fossil fuel fractions from a perturbed hard-chain equation of state

A semitheoretical equation of state has been used to correlate residual thermodynamic properties of heavy hydrocarbons. The correlation requires three characteristic molecular parameters obtained from liquid density and vapour pressure data. These parameters are presented for 61 hydrocarbons with molecular weights up to 560 and are correlated with molecular weight and structural features. The correlation is extended to narrow-boiling fractions. Molecular parameters for such fractions are obtained from experimental characterization data (molecular weight, aromaticity, naphthenicity and number of methyl groups per molecule). Calculated vapour pressures and liquid densities are in reasonable agreement with new experimental results obtained from Belridge crude oil.     

Messung des Nachstroms an Hochleistungsschaltern

Ohne ZusammenfassungMit 47 AbbildungenDie vorliegende Arbeit ist ein Auszug aus der Dissertation des Verfassers (Technische Hochschule Aachen 1956/57).     

Urokinase induces proliferation of human ovarian cancer cells: characterization of structural elements required for growth factor function

It has been well established that the cytoskeleton is an essential modulator of cell morphology and motility, intracytoplasmic transport and mitosis, however cytoskeletal linkage to the organelles has not been unequivocally demonstrated. Indeed, cytoskeleton appears to be essential in determining and modulating gene phenotype as a function of cellular environment. According to recent studies, the organization of the cytoskeleton network together with associated protein(s) could be essential in regulating mitochondrial function and particularly the permeability of the mitochondrial outer membrane to ADP. The aim of this chapter is to summarize the main properties of the cytoskeletal environment of mitochondria and the possible role(s) of this network in mitochondrial function in myocytes.     

Callus distraction for lengthening of mid-hand and finger stumps in congenital hand abnormalities--personal results and review of the literature

Distraction-lengthening technique is quite useful in a variety of congenital hand deformities with hypoplastic, or primary normal but secondary shortened (constriction ring syndrome) finger rays. It appears that around the age of two years is the earliest practical time to start distraction; certainly distraction and secondary surgical procedures to improve function should be completed before school entry age whenever possible. Between June 1990 and March 1993, nine distraction lengthening procedures (5 thumbs, 1 index, 3 little fingers) in five patients presenting with congenital hand deformities, were carried out. Although restoring length to the finger, lengthening does not provide normal circumference or, of course, interphalangeal joint motion. Amelioration in function seems to be more important than the esthetic gain. Distraction lengthening tolerates only few errors of indication, operative technique, and/or postoperative management. A high compliance of the patient and her/his parents as well as a close follow-up by an experienced surgeon, are mandatory for a good result. A variety of possible complications have been described. Generally, complication risk increases in cases of simultaneous and multiple level lengthening. Provided adequate operative technique and postoperative care, superficial pin infection and fracture in the region of distraction are the major complications. Contrary to adults, sufficient bone formation by distraction is the rule in children. Therefore, the distraction-lengthening technique is preferred to the distraction-interposition technique in the treatment of congenital hand deformities. The latter should only be used as a salvage procedure in the rare cases of insufficient callus formation. Because of the missing growth potential and reduced joint mobility, distraction lengthening is the therapy of second choice when compared to microvascular second toe transplantation.     

Die Thermokraft von Aluminiumnitrid bei Temperaturen zwischen 1350 und 1650 °C in Argon- und Stickstoffatmosphäre

Beschreibung der Versuchsapparatur zur Messung der Thermospannung der Kette Rh |_{T + Δ} AIN |_T Rh für Temperatur-differenzen bis zu ± 60 °C zwischen 1350 und 1650 °C. Ermittlung der Thermokraft und ihres homogenen Anteils. Berechnung der Überführungswärme der wandernden Ionen aus der homogenen Thermokraft. Erörterung zum Leitungsmechanismus im Aluminiumnitrid AlN.     

Korrosionsforschung in der Bundesanstalt für Materialprüfung (BAM) Berlin Überblick zum hundertsten Jubiläum ihrer Gründung

Corrosion research by Bundesanstalt für Materialprüfung (BAM) in Berlin A memorial review on the occasion of its 100th anniversary The report deals with the develop-ment in the field of corrosion, from the turn of the century to the present day. About 1900 scarcely anybody spoke of corrosion and corrosion protection. Start-ing from this zero point the whole field with its tremendous economic impor-tance has gone through an ever faster evolution. The knowledge concerning the origins of corrosion has been steadily increasing and well-founded. The corro-sion theories could be supported by practical experience and increasing scien-tific knowledge. On the strength of the knowledge on corrosion and the me-chanism of corrosion processes it became possible to develop efficient corrosion protection procedures. lnstitutions such as Materialprüfungsamt, Berlin-Dahlem, Chemisch-Technische Reichsanstalt and Bundesanstalt für Materialprüfung have had an important part in these succes-ses. It can be considered to be a parti-cular recognition of the achievements and merits of the predecessors of the present BAM, that after the merger of the two branches -i. e. materials test-ing and corrosion research -the latter bas been receiving particular attention and efficient support.     

Parameter pe′ der Elektronenteilleitfähigkeit in ZrO2(CaO)- und ThO2(Y2O3)-Festelektrolyten bei 1200 bis 1650 °C

Bestimmung des Parameters p_e′ (t_ion = 0,5) zur Kennzeichnung der Elektronenteilleitfähigkeit in festen Elektrolyten. Anwendung einer abgewandelten Polarisationsmethode mit EMK-Messung. Angabe der Parameter p_e′ für Festelektrolyte aus ZrO₂ mit einem Molenbruch x_CaO = 0,14 und aus ThO₂ mit einem Molenbruch bei Temperaturen zwischen 1200 und 1650 °C. Berechnung korrigierter Eichkurven für die elektrochemische Messung der Sauerstoffaktivitäten in Stahlschmelzen. Empfehlung einer bevorzugten Anwendung von ThO₂(Y₂O₃)-Elektrolyten zur Messung kleinster Sauerstoffaktivitäten.     

Nanostructured titania powders by hydrothermal processing and spray drying

Sol-gel precipitates of titania were prepared from organometallic precursors, followed by hydrothermal crystallization and spray drying into spherical, micron-size nanostructured granules that were characterized by X-ray diffraction, nitrogen adsorption, and microscopy. A systematic investigation of the effect of hydrothermal processing conditions on the physical properties of the granules was carried out. When the hydrothermal processing time was increased, product granules exhibited larger anatase crystallite size and improved thermal stability in pore structure and phase composition. Increasing the hydrothermal processing temperature retarded crystallite growth and increased the anatase-to-rutile transformation temperature.