微波消解-电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法同时快速测定食品中钙、铁、锌、钠、钾、镁、铜和锰

采用微波消解技术,电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法同时测定食品中的钙、铁、锌、钠、钾、镁、铜和锰的含量。方法优化了微波消解条件及电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱的测定条件,样品加标回收率在94.0%~103.8%。标准参考物质的测定值与标物值相符。表明该法准确性高,方法可靠。     

材料化学专业英语教学改革的尝试与研究

通过不断丰富教学内容和改善课堂教学方法以提高学生学习兴趣、激发学习动机,我们逐步探索出适合材料化学专业英语的一系列方法。随着教学改革措施的逐步推进,学生的学习积极性大大提高,教学质量明显提高。     

饮用水源地突发性水污染事故预警应急体系研究

饮用水源地突发性水污染事故,破坏了城市供水安全。文章介绍了国内外饮用水源地突发性水污染事故预警应急体系现状,并在此基础上提出构建饮用水源地突发性水污染事故预警应急体系的基本构想,为今后饮用水源地突发性水污染事故预防和控制提供支撑。     

固定化漆酶深度处理制浆造纸废水

采用固定化漆酶深度处理制浆造纸废水,取得了良好的处理效果。最佳工艺条件:控制固定化漆酶的投加量为0.2 g/L,废水pH为6.5,CuSO4投加量为10 mg/L,HBT投加量为4 mg/L,在25℃曝气反应8 h后色度去除率可达85%左右,COD去除率达12.51%。若把HBT改为磷钼酸,控制磷钼酸投加量为500 mg/L,反应8 h后色度去除率达50%左右。     

Synthesis and Characterization of Glucosamide Surfactant

The synthesis and structural analysis of glucosamide surfactants of the general formula C_nH_2n+1NH(CH₂)₂NHCO(CHOH)₄CH₂OH (n = 8, 10, 12) are described, and the surface activity properties of the surfactants are studied. N‐alkylethylenediamines were synthesized by the alkylation of the ethylenediamine with alkyl bromide. The glucosamide surfactants, N‐alkyl‐N′‐glucosylethylenediamine (C_nGA), were prepared by amidation of the precursor diamine with d ‐gluconic acid δ‐lactone. They were structurally characterized by IR, ¹H NMR and MS. They reduced the surface tension of water to approximately 26–27 mN m^?1 at concentration levels of (0.5–1.6) × 10^?3 mol L^?1.     

表面包覆的多金属氧酸盐在膨胀阻燃电缆材料中的抑烟作用

利用硅烷偶联剂对一种Keggin型多金属氧酸盐(十二钼磷酸盐)进行表面包覆处理,然后与膨胀阻燃(IFR)电缆材料共混制备出一种低烟阻燃复合材料,研究了表面包覆的多金属氧酸盐在该复合材料中的抑烟作用,以及对材料性能的影响。结果表明:多金属氧酸盐的引入可以一定程度上抑制材料在燃烧过程中的烟气释放,其中,添加了0.8%-3.0%包覆处理的多金属氧酸盐的IFR电缆材料,其烟密度可以降低15%;另外,该多金属氧酸盐基抑烟剂对IFR电缆材料的力学性能、阻燃性能及电性能等的影响很小。     

中串低变换改全低变工艺运行总结

合成氨装置由中串低工艺改为全低变工艺后,催化剂装填量减少12m’,系统阻力为0．04MPa,吨氨蒸汽耗由原350kg以上降至135kg。该项目改造费用低,只需增设1台增湿器并调整部分管道和阀门。改造后运行情况良好,取得了预期效果。     

利用尿素复合溶液从风化煤中提取水溶腐植酸和生成腐植酸络合酰胺态氮的研究

腐植酸(折纯干基)∶氢氧化钾∶尿素∶自来水=1∶0.28∶0～0.56∶14(质量比),反应温度80℃,反应时间2 h,水溶腐植酸提取率在76.9%～88.48%,尿素可以增加提取率11.58%,尿素反应的腐植酸络合酰胺态氮在1.08%～3.38%。尿素在0.04比例时,乙醇溶解物和离心后残渣中的酰胺态和铵态氮最少,尿素反应最彻底;尿素在0.16比例时,尿素参与反应的络合酰胺态氮最高;尿素在0.32比例时,是提取水溶腐植酸的最佳用量。尿素在碱性条件下可以促进和腐植酸的反应,提高腐植酸的提取率。     

Experimental study on the mechanical properties and consolidation mechanism of microbial grouted backfill

Backfill mining technology is the practice of returning waste materials underground for both disposal and geotechnical stability, however, a challenge with current technologies is that they commonly require cement-based binders which have a relatively high environmental impact. Finding alternatives to cement-based binders can improve environmental performance and this paper proposes microbial grouted backfill (MGB) as a potential solution. In this paper, the effects of the cementation solution concentration (CSC), volume ratio of bacterial solution to cementation solution (VRBC), particle sizes of the aggregates, and the number of grouting batches on the mechanical properties of MGB are studied. The experimental results show that MGB strength increased, up to a peak value, as CSC was increased, before decreasing as CSC was increased further. The results also show that MGB strength increased, up to a peak value, as VRBC decreased, before decreasing as the VRBC was decreased further. The peak strength was achieved at a CSC of 2 mol/L and a VRBC of 1:9. The strength of the MGB also increased as the number of grouting batches increased. Graded MGB samples showed the highest UCS, 25.12 MPa, at particle sizes of 0.2 to 0.8 mm, while full (non-graded) MGB samples displayed mean UCS values ranging from 1.56 MPa when the maximum particle size was 0.2 mm, up to 13 MPa when the maximum particle size was 1.2 mm. MGB samples are consolidated by the calcium carbonate that is precipitated during microbial metabolism, and the strength of MGB increases linearly as calcium carbonate content increases. The calcium carbonate minerals produced in MGB materials are primarily calcite, with secondary amounts of vaterite.     

Water‐soluble/dispersible cationic pressure‐sensitive adhesives. I. Adhesives from solution polymerization

Pressure‐sensitive adhesives (PSAs) have long been a problem as sticky contaminants for paper recycling mills. The main problem associated with such stickies is that the PSAs in the waste papers deposit on the felts, press rolls, and drying cylinders of paper machines, and this creates problems with paper formation, reducing the paper quality and paper machine runnability. The annual cost of stickies to the U.S. paper industry is estimated to be about $600,000,000–650,000,000. To solve this problem, a series of cationic water‐soluble/dispersible PSAs have been synthesized by the free‐radical solution polymerization of butyl acrylate and [3‐(methacryloylamino)propyl]trimethylammonium chloride in ethanol. The PSA end‐use properties, repulpability in paper recycling, and the effects on the properties of recycled paper products have been studied. The cationic PSAs can be dissolved or dispersed in water if the cationic charge density in the PSA backbone is controlled, and so they do not deposit as stickies during recycling and papermaking processes. Because the PSAs are cationically charged, they can easily be removed from the papermaking system by adsorption onto the negatively charged fibers and fine surfaces. Furthermore, the adsorbed colloidal or dissolved PSAs have little effect on the final paper properties. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 90: 1624–1630, 2003