Multi-Fidelity High-Throughput Optimization of Electrical Conductivity in P3HT-CNT Composites

Combining high-throughput experiments with machine learning accelerates materials and process optimization toward user-specified target properties. In this study, a rapid machine learning-driven automated flow mixing setup with a high-throughput drop-casting system is introduced for thin film preparation, followed by fast characterization of proxy optical and target electrical properties that completes one cycle of learning with 160 unique samples in a single day, a > 10 ×  improvement relative to quantified, manual-controlled baseline. Regio-regular poly-3-hexylthiophene is combined with various types of carbon nanotubes, to identify the optimum composition and synthesis conditions to realize electrical conductivities as high as state-of-the-art 1000 S cm⁻¹. The results are subsequently verified and explained using offline high-fidelity experiments. Graph-based model selection strategies with classical regression that optimize among multi-fidelity noisy input-output measurements are introduced. These strategies present a robust machine-learning driven high-throughput experimental scheme that can be effectively applied to understand, optimize, and design new materials and composites.     

Flexible and Air-Stable Near-Infrared Sensors Based on Solution-Processed Inorganic–Organic Hybrid Phototransistors

Flexible and air-stable phototransistors are highly demanded for wearable near-infrared (NIR) image sensors. However, advanced NIR sensors via low-cost, solution-based processes remained a challenge. Herein, high-performance inorganic–organic hybrid phototransistors are achieved based on solution processed n-type metal oxide/polymer semiconductor heterostructures of In₂O₃/poly{5,5′-bis[3,5-bis(thienyl)phenyl]-2,2′-bithiophene-3-ethylesterthiophene]} (PTPBT-ET). The In₂O₃/PTPBT-ET hybrid phototransistor combines the advantages of both fast electron transport in In₂O₃ and high photoresponse in PTPBT-ET, showing high saturation mobility of 7.1 cm² V⁻¹ s⁻¹ and large current on/off ratio of >10⁷. As a result, the phototransistor exhibits high performance towards NIR light sensing with a responsivity of 200 A W⁻¹, a specific detectivity of 1.2 × 10¹³ Jones, and fast photoresponse with rise/fall time of 5/120 ms. Remarkably, the hybrid phototransistor, without any passivation, demonstrates excellent electrical stability without performance degradation even after 160 days in air. A 10 × 10 phototransistor array is also enabled by virtue of the high device uniformity. Lastly, flexible In₂O₃/PTPBT-ET phototransistor on polyimide substrate is attained, exhibiting outstanding mechanical flexibility up to 1000 bending/releasing cycles at a bending radius of 5 mm. These achievements pave the way for constructing air-stable hybrid phototransistors for flexible NIR image sensor applications.     

细颗粒LLM-105的制备及粒度控制技术研究

采用溶剂-非溶剂重结晶法制备了粒度D505μm的LLM-105颗粒,并对影响粒度的加料方式、非溶剂温度、溶剂量、搅拌速度、表面活性剂以及干燥方式等工艺条件进行研究,得到制备细颗粒LLM-105(D505μm)的工艺参数为:反式滴加法,非溶剂H_2O温度小于35℃,mLLM-105∶VDMSO≤1g∶15m L。     

基于LabVIEW的压力采集虚拟仪器系统

将虚拟仪器技术引入了火炮内弹道测试领域，开发了以PC机为硬件平台、以美国National Instrument公司的虚拟仪器开发工具LabVIEW为软件平台的虚拟仪器系统。压力采集虚拟仪器系统在计算机上通过软件控制完成采集参数设置、数据采集、分析处理、存储和打印等功能，满足了实际动态测试分析的需要。并自行编写了数据采集卡的调用程序，实现了即插即用功能。     

基于ART-2网络的自行火炮变速箱状态自适应分类

对于结构复杂的自行火炮变速箱，其故障模式具有不可预知性。针对传统的神经网络识别方法明显存在不足这一问题，提出一种基于自适应谐振理论（Adaptive Resonance Theory）的自行火炮变速箱瞬态过程故障诊断新方法。该方法不仅可以对已知的故障模式进行分类，而且对自行火炮变速箱未知故障模式具有很强的自适应分辨能力。实例证明，ART-2神经网络与传统的神经网络方法相结合为自行火炮变速箱故障诊断提出了新思路。     

基于STM32的充电机管理单元的设计与应用

为了满足智能变电站中对充电机的管理需求,设计了一种基于STM32的充电机管理单元的设计方案。依据功能需求分析,设计了硬件构架和软件构架,研制了充电机管理单元,搭建了系统实验测试平台,实验数据表明,本设计能够实现充电机的信息采集与参数调节、本地数据显示与按键操作、远程监控双向通信、充电机逻辑控制等功能。实际应用表明其可使工作人员实时掌控充电机的工作情况,提高系统的智能化管理,且能满足实际应用的需求。     

一种应用于自行武器系统的固态功率控制器

为满足新一代自行武器供配电系统可靠性、维修性、机动作战下持续供电的需求,提出一种应用于自行武器系统的固态功率控制器(solid-state power controller,SSPC).以自行武器供配系统为背景,通过对配电技术现状及常规SSPC设计的分析,提出一直流二路输出固态功率控制器,从硬件和软件2方面进行设计研究.研究结果表明:应用软件实现原理和方法能够得到SSPC状态信号,为上位机实现针对负载的自动化管理和设计提供参考.     

大尺度分层均匀等离子体介质中VHF波传播特性分析

在电离层的60~1 000 km高度,其等离子体电子密度变化范围为10~106 cm-3。以稳态电离层等离子体电子密度随高度变化规律为基本出发点,研究大尺度电子密度缓变等离子体介质中VHF波反射和透射特性,采用分层介质方法,建立了相应的反射系数和透射系数计算模型,获取了不同尺度、不同电子密度和碰撞频率条件下等离子体对VHF波的反射和透射变化规律。结果表明,大尺度、电子密度范围为104~106 cm-3的分层均匀等离子体介质对频率为30~150 MHz的无线电波透射能量衰减均大于10 d B,且随着频率的减小透射能量衰减呈指数增大,在频率为30 MHz附近透波能量衰减量将超出通信系统接收机灵敏度范围,从而导致通信系统无法正常工作。     

Linking Glass-Transition Behavior to Photophysical and Charge Transport Properties of High-Mobility Conjugated Polymers

The measurement of the mechanical properties of conjugated polymers can reveal highly relevant information linking optoelectronic properties to underlying microstructures and the knowledge of the glass transition temperature (T_g) is paramount for informing the choice of processing conditions and for interpreting the thermal stability of devices. In this work, we use dynamical mechanical analysis to determine the T_g of a range of state-of-the-art conjugated polymers with different degrees of crystallinity that are widely studied for applications in organic field-effect transistors. We compare our measured values for T_g to the theoretical value predicted by a recent work based on the concept of effective mobility ζ. The comparison shows that for conjugated polymers with a modest length of the monomer units, the T_g values agree well with theoretically predictions. However, for the near-amorphous, indacenodithiophene–benzothiadiazole family of polymers with more extended backbone units, values for T_g appear to be significantly higher, predicted by theory. However, values for T_g are correlated with the sub-bandgap optical absorption suggesting the possible role of the interchain short contacts within materials’ amorphous domains.     

Metal–Ligand Based Mechanophores Enhance Both Mechanical Robustness and Electronic Performance of Polymer Semiconductors

The backbone of diketopyrrolopyrrole-thiophene-vinylene-thiophene-based polymer semiconductors (PSCs) is modified with pyridine (Py) or bipyridine ligands to complex Fe(II) metal centers, allowing the metal–ligand complexes to act as mechanophores and dynamically crosslink the polymer chains. Mono- and bi-dentate ligands are observed to exhibit different degrees of bond strengths, which subsequently affect the mechanical properties of these Wolf-type-II metallopolymers. The counter ion also plays a crucial role, as it is observed that Py-Fe mechanophores with non-coordinating BPh₄^– counter ions (Py-FeB) exhibit better thin film ductility with lower elastic modulus, as compared to the coordinating chloro ligands (Py-FeC). Interestingly, besides mechanical robustness, the electrical charge carrier mobility can also be enhanced concurrently when incorporating Py-FeB mechanophores in PSCs. This is a unique observation among stretchable PSCs, especially that most reports to date describe a decreased mobility when the stretchability is improved. Next, it is determined that improvements to both mobility and stretchability are correlated to the solid-state molecular ordering and dynamics of coordination bonds under strain, as elucidated via techniques of grazing-incidence X-ray diffraction and X-ray absorption spectroscopy techniques, respectively. This study provides a viable approach to enhance both the mechanical and the electronic performance of polymer-based soft devices.