Decomposing regional productivity growth using an aggregate production frontier

The main contribution of this paper is the implementation of a new model which combines the two parametric approaches most commonly used in the productivity literature: fixed effects and stochastic frontiers. This allows us to discuss whether it is better to use average or frontier functions to estimate regional productivity. The empirical section uses panel data of Spanish regions over the period 1980–1995. Additionally, we calculate and decompose total factor productivity growth for the Spanish regions.     

Ultraviolet light inactivation of protozoa in drinking water: a Bayesian meta-analysis

To assess the dose of UV light needed to achieve specified levels of Giardia spp. cysts and Cryptosporidium spp. oocysts inactivation in drinking water, a Bayesian meta-analysis is used to analyze experimental data from several studies. Of the 20 studies identified by an extensive data collection effort, 14 (five reported experiments on Giardia and nine on Cryptosporidium) were selected for analysis based on a set of criteria. A substantial amount of the log inactivation data are reported as greater than a given inactivation level (i.e., censored data). The Bayesian hierarchical modeling approach used in this study not only properly addresses the common concerns in a meta-analysis but also provides a robust method for incorporating censored data. Different statistical models will result in different estimates of the UV doses needed to achieve a specific inactivation level. The Bayesian approach allows us to present the uncertainty in terms of risk, which is better suited for supporting US EPA in developing regulations.     

A reference model of fire detection and monitoring system using BACnet

The objective of this paper is to introduce a reference model of BACnet-based fire detection and monitoring system using MS/TP and ARCNET protocols. The reference model is designed to satisfy the requirements of response time, survivability and flexibility. The reference model is operated on the basis of BACnet, a standard communication protocol for building automation systems. In this study, a simulator for the reference model of fire detection and monitoring system was developed. Using the simulator, this study examined the validity of the reference model proposed in this study. This study also evaluated the performance of the BACnet-based fire detection and monitoring system in terms of network-induced delay. Simulation results show that the reference model satisfies the requirements of fire detection and monitoring system.     

干粉灭火系统计算研究

进行干粉灭火系统计算研究的主要目的是为干粉灭火系统的设计或设计规范的编写提供依据 ,以保证设计具有科学性、可靠性和可行性。基于这一宗旨 ,干粉灭火系统计算研究的内容主要包括确定系统中各个管段的管径、系统的工作压力和泄压口面积等。1　管道直径的确定管道直径的大小由管道中通过的气固两相流体的体积和适宜的流动速度决定 ,前者可依据管道中需要输送的干粉量、驱动气体的种类、驱动气体系数、环境温度和管道中的压力计算出来 ;而后者则需要通过试验确定。为使干粉灭火系统管道内干粉与驱动气体不分离 ,干粉 -驱动气体二相流必须…     

半无限弹性体地基上水平荷载桩的静力分析

本文利用弹性理论 ,建立半无限弹性体地基上水平荷载桩的力学模型 ,推导出其静力分析的基本方程 ,给出水平荷载桩静力分析的弹性理论求解方法 ,并通过实例加以说明。     

城市轨道交通建设工程档案管理的问题与对策

针对目前轨道交通工程档案存在的问题，全面系统的阐述了加强轨道交通工程档案管理的措施。     

DMC数码航摄及制作1：500正射影像图（DOM）的实践与探索

介绍了数码航摄构成和特点，及利用数码数据制作DEM、DOM的工艺流程和成果精度检测。     

The creation of the incapable social tenant in Flanders,Belgium. An appraisal

As long as the social rented sector housed traditional families and the allocation procedures were rather loose, there was little commotion about the sector. A combination of a change in family structures, economic changes, and the strengthening of allocation procedures in favour of those most in need did change perceptions. Marginalisation and ghettoisation, especially of high-rise social housing estates, became buzzwords. This paper deals with the causes of these changes and with their implications. The marginalisation discourse calls for enlarging the target groups and estate-specific allocation procedures (to obtain a `social mix'). It illustrates a profound desire to diminish the number of ethnic minorities, single parents, single-person households and all kinds of people with a weak income profile who gain access to social rental housing. Furthermore, this discourse is reaching a crescendo: after it was started in the early 1990s by staff members of local social housing companies, it passed through the union of the social housing companies, the umbrella organisation of the sector, and parliament, reaching its greatest momentum so far in early 2002 when it was adopted by the Flemish housing minister. The counterpoint to this negative discourse is the high degree of satisfaction among social tenants, as observed in a study carried out in 1999. In our paper we will try to explain the background of these opposing trends and the possible consequences for the social rental housing in general and for tenants in particular.