Degradability and biocompatibility of bioglass/poly(amino acid) composites with different surface bioactivity as bone repair materials

Bioglass (BG) possesses excellent bioactivity and has been widely used in the manufacture of biomaterials. In this study, a composite with different surface bioactivity was fabricated via in situ melting polymerization by incorporating BG and poly(amino acid) (PAA) at a suitable ratio. The structure of the composite was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and XRD. The compressive strength of the BG/PAA composites was 139 MPa (BG:PAA = 30:70). The BG/PAA composites were degradable, and higher BG in composite showed higher weight loss after 4 weeks of incubation in simulated body fluid. In addition, the BG/PAA composite maintained adequate residual compressive strength during the degradation period. The SEM results showed the differences in surface bioactivities of the composites directly, and 30BG/PAA composite showed thicker apatite layer and higher Ca/p than 15BG/PAA. in vitro MG-63 cell culture experiments showed that the composite was noncytotoxic and thus allows cells to adhere, proliferate, and differentiate. This indicates that the composite has good biocompatibility. The implantations in the bone defects of rabbits for 4 and 12 weeks were studied. The composites had good biocompatibility and were capable of guiding new bone formation without causing any inflammation. The composite may be successfully used in the development of bone implants.     

Size and pressure effects on solid transition temperatures of ZrO2

Transition temperatures between tetragonal and monoclinic polymorphs of ZrO₂ nanoparticles, thin films and nanostructured materials are calculated by considering energetic contributions of surface (interface) energy and surface stress on total Gibbs free energy. The transition temperatures drop as the size of the nanocrystals decreases, which is consistent with available results.     

FORMATION OF μ-PHASE AND ITS EFFECT ON MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF CAST NICKEL-BASE SUPERALLOYS

本文研究了铸造镍基高温合金中沉淀的片状μ相,揭示了μ相的形成规律、化学成份、TTT曲线、断裂特征和对力学性能的影响。研究结果表明,μ相的形成温度范围很宽,从800—1140℃。片状μ相的宽面是六方指数的{0001},它沿基体γ的{111}面板出。在760℃以下冲击,拉伸和持久的断裂特征是沿μ相{0001},面解理断裂,电子空位数N_v值不是控制μ相形成的唯一因素,还与(Mo+W)at.-％和Mo(Mo+W)有关。此外,硼也是抑制μ相的有效因素。     

用计算机图形处理软件定量分析SEM图像

用图形处理软件PHOTOSHOP对SEM图像进行图像定量分析，对高温合金K23σ析出相的体积分数和M8钢样的夹杂物颗粒尺寸进行了定量测定。结果表明，该方法操作方便，有一定的可行性。     

铝—钢双金属复合轧制层厚比及轧制力的研究

用实验方法研究了铝－钢双金属复合轧制时层厚比的变化规律。给出了双金属复合时轧制力的计算式。     

移动定位技术的现状与发展趋势

基于位置服务为人们的日常生活带来了极大的方便,同时也推动了移动定位技术行业的快速发展。针对移动定位技术发展状况,分析目前主流定位技术的优劣,并对取得的突破作简单的总结归纳。     

Coordinate descent with arbitrary sampling I: algorithms and complexity†

We study the problem of minimizing the sum of a smooth convex function and a convex block-separable regularizer and propose a new randomized coordinate descent method, which we call ALPHA. Our method at every iteration updates a random subset of coordinates, following an arbitrary distribution. No coordinate descent methods capable to handle an arbitrary sampling have been studied in the literature before for this problem. ALPHA is a very flexible algorithm: in special cases, it reduces to deterministic and randomized methods such as gradient descent, coordinate descent, parallel coordinate descent and distributed coordinate descent—both in nonaccelerated and accelerated variants. The variants with arbitrary (or importance) sampling are new. We provide a complexity analysis of ALPHA, from which we deduce as a direct corollary complexity bounds for its many variants, all matching or improving best known bounds.     

Survey of control performance in quantum information processing

There is a rich variety of physics underlying the fundamental gating operations for quantum information processing (QIP). A key aspect of a QIP system is how noise may enter during quantum operations and how suppressing or correcting its effects can best be addressed. Quantum control techniques have been developed to specifically address this effort, although a detailed classification of the compatibility of controls schemes with noise sources found in common quantum systems has not yet been performed. This work numerically examines the performance of modern control methods for suppressing decoherence in the presence of noise forms found in viable quantum systems. The noise-averaged process matrix for controlled one-qubit and two-qubit operations are calculated across noise found in systems driven by Markovian open quantum dynamics. Rather than aiming to describe the absolute best control scheme for a given physical circumstance, this work serves instead to classify quantum control behavior across a large class of noise forms so that opportunities for improving QIP performance may be identified.     

Characterizing and optimizing TPC-C workloads on large-scale systems using SSD arrays在大规模系统上优化 TPC-C 评测程序

Transaction processing performance council benchmark C (TPC-C) is the de facto standard for evaluating the performance of high-end computers running on-line transaction processing applications. Differing from other standard benchmarks, the transaction processing performance council only defines specifications for the TPC-C benchmark, but does not provide any standard implementation for end-users. Due to the complexity of the TPC-C workload, it is a challenging task to obtain optimal performance for TPC-C evaluation on a large-scale high-end computer. In this paper, we designed and implemented a large-scale TPC-C evaluation system based on the latest TPC-C specification using solid-state drive (SSD) storage devices. By analyzing the characteristics of the TPC-C workload, we propose a series of system-level optimization methods to improve the TPC-C performance. First, we propose an approach based on SmallFile table space to organize the test data in a round-robin method on all of the disk array partitions; this can make full use of the underlying disk arrays. Second, we propose using a NOOP-based disk scheduling algorithm to reduce the utilization rate of processors and improve the average input/output service time. Third, to improve the system translation lookaside buffer hit rate and reduce the processor overhead, we take advantage of the huge page technique to manage a large amount of memory resources. Lastly, we propose a locality-aware interrupt mapping strategy based on the asymmetry characteristic of non-uniform memory access systems to improve the system performance. Using these optimization methods, we performed the TPC-C test on two large-scale high-end computers using SSD arrays. The experimental results show that our methods can effectively improve the TPC-C performance. For example, the performance of the TPC-C test on an Intel Westmere server reached 1.018 million transactions per minute.