铜电解液含铋复盐沉淀法脱砷新工艺研究

针对目前诱导法脱砷产能不足、脱除率低的问题,开发了电解液含铋复盐沉淀法脱砷新工艺,优化沉淀条件为:含铋复盐沉淀剂用量Bi/As摩尔比1∶1、温度55℃、时间30 min,此时电解液中铜、砷、锑沉淀率分别为4.75%、63.62%和91.30%;在NaOH浓度50 g/L、液固比5∶1、温度80℃,时间0.5 h条件下,碱浸砷浸出率可达78.98%;沉淀剂再生性能良好,可循环使用;碱浸液经苛化再生循环利用,经过一次碱浸-苛化,NaOH损失率仅为2.7%。     

高砷原生硫化铜矿细菌浸出试验研究

采用中温嗜酸氧化亚铁硫杆菌、喜温嗜酸硫杆菌和高温Ferroplasma属古菌对高砷原生硫化铜矿进行了细菌浸出试验研究。研究结果表明, 喜温嗜酸硫杆菌对高砷原生硫化铜矿的浸出效果比中温嗜酸氧化亚铁硫杆菌好。中温菌对砷的耐受性比高温菌高。在高温菌浸出过程中, 铜优先于砷溶解, 砷主要留在浸渣中; 细菌接种量对高砷原生硫化铜矿的浸出有一定的影响, 接种量为10%时浸出效果最好。提高温度有利于初始阶段铜的浸出, 随着浸出的进行, 温度的影响逐渐降低, 细菌作用占主导作用。驯化高砷耐受能力的高温菌将成为进一步的研究目标。     

Bacterial leaching of chalcopyrite and bornite with native bioleaching microorganism

A native mesophilic iron-oxidizing bacterium, Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans, has been isolated （30 ℃） from a typical, lead-zinc concentrate of Dachang Mine in the region of Liuzhou located in the southwest of China. Two typical copper sulfide minerals, chalcopyrite and bornite, were from Meizhou Copper Mine in the region of Guangdong Province, China. Variation of pH and cell growth on time and effects of some factors such as temperature, inoculation cell number, and pulp density on the bioleaching of chalcopyrite and bornite were investigated. The results obtained from the bioleaching experiments indicate that the efficiency of copper extraction depends on all of the mentioned variables, especially the pulp density has more effect than the other factors on the microorganism. In addition, the results show that the maximum copper recovery was achieved using a mesophilic culture. The copper dissolution reached 51.34% for the chalcopyrite while it was 72.35% for the bornite at pH 2.0, initial Fe（ Ⅱ ） concentration 9 g/L and pulp density 5%, after 30 d.     

赞比亚谦比希铜矿西矿体原矿磨矿工艺研究

针对赞比亚谦比西铜矿西矿体矿石特点,原矿含铜1.855%,氧化率5.35%,主要硫化矿为黄铜矿,原矿低品位废石占25.32%左右,氧化率高、含泥量大,原矿中-38.5μm含量高达36.69%,属易碎难磨矿石。磨矿工艺试验研究表明,一段磨矿最优条件为-74μm占85.25%;两段磨矿最优条件为,第一段磨矿细度为-74μm占72.73%,第二段磨矿后总产品细度为-74μm占98.60%。浮选试验结果表明,对于该矿石,两段磨矿工艺明显优于一段磨矿工艺,铜回收率至少提高3个百分点。     

中温嗜酸硫杆菌浸出低品位硫化铜矿

研究了中温嗜酸硫杆菌的生长条件, 对黄铜矿进行了细菌浸出试验研究。研究表明, 中温嗜酸硫杆菌最适宜的生长条件为: pH值为2, 温度为30±1 ℃, 此条件下细菌浓度为2.24×10⁷个/mL。接种量、矿浆浓度对黄铜矿中铜的浸出率有显著的影响, 随着接种量的增加, 铜的浸出率提高。在相同浸出时间内, 矿浆浓度5%左右时, 黄铜矿中铜的浸出率最高。低品位硫化铜矿柱浸试验结果表明: 细菌浸出75 d, 铜的浸出率为45%。     

黄铜矿细菌浸出过程中的多因素影响

运用取自大宝山(简称DB)的嗜酸氧化亚铁硫杆菌(Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans,简称 A.f)和嗜酸氧化硫硫杆菌(Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans,简称A.t)的混合菌对广东某硫化铜矿的黄铜矿进行摇瓶浸出试验研究。结果表明, 黄铜矿摇瓶细菌浸出率受菌种、矿浆浓度、pH值、接种量多种因素的影响。细菌浸出黄铜矿的适宜条件为温度30 ℃, 矿浆浓度5%, pH值为2.0, 接种量为3×10⁷个/mL。     

Bioleaching of low grade nickel sulfide mineral in column reactor

Jinchuan low grade nickel （0.4%-0.6% Ni, mass fraction） sulfide mineral ore contains a remarkably high content of magnesia （30%-35% MgO, mass fraction） present in the main gangue minerals. Bioleaching was performed to investigate the feasibility to process the mineral due to its relative simplicity, eco-friendly operation and low capital cost requirements. The mixed mesophiles were enriched from acid mine drainage samples collected from several acid mines in China. Considering that the magnesia is easily extracted by acid solution and the excessive Mg^2＋ will exceed the tolerance of the mixed mesophiles, three effective means were used to reduce the disadvantage of magnesia during the bioleaching operation. They were adaptation of the mixed mesophiles to improve the tolerance; pre-leaching to remove most leachable magnesia and periodic bleeds of a portion of the pregnant leaching solution to control the level of Mg^2＋ based on the tolerance of the mixed mesophiles. An extraction of nickel （90.3%） and cobalt （88.6%） was successfully achieved within a 300 d leaching process from the Jinchuan low grade nickel sulfide mineral ore using a column reactor at ambient temperature.     

氰化尾渣提金选矿试验研究

针对某含金3.45 g/t的氰化尾渣开展了提金选矿试验研究。结果表明, 以水玻璃为脉石抑制剂和矿浆分散剂, 硫酸为pH调整剂, 硫酸铜和硫酸铵为载金矿物活化剂, 丁钠黄药和25^#黑药为组合捕收剂, 经一粗一扫二精闭路浮选, 可得到金品位15.76 g/t、金回收率60.44%的金精矿。     

某微细粒难处理金矿石选矿试验研究

某微细粒难处理金矿石有价元素金品位为2.75 g/t,其主要载金矿物黄铁矿嵌布粒度较细。针对矿石性质,开展了选矿试验研究。结果表明:在磨矿细度-0.074 mm占84.96%时,采用碳酸钠、水玻璃和硫酸铜作为矿浆调整剂,Y-89和丁铵黑药作为组合捕收剂,MIBC作为起泡剂,闭路试验可获得较好指标,金精矿金品位31.61 g/t、金回收率81.39%。     

提高多金属硫化铅锌矿浮选指标的研究

针对白牛厂复杂铅锌硫化矿选矿中存在的问题,研究了高碱介质中方铅矿、铁闪锌矿、磁黄铁矿的浮选行为及其分选的条件与药剂制度,提出了处理该类矿石的分选新工艺。将调整剂石灰与捕收剂乙硫氮、丁基黄药同时加入磨机,充分利用石灰对矿浆电位的调控与稳定作用,以及在石灰造成的低氧化还原电位下乙硫氮对矿物的选择捕收作用,实现铅与锌、硫铁的高效分离。该工艺在白牛厂选矿厂应用后,与原工艺相比,生产指标显著提高,铅精矿含锌降到4.2%,铅精矿品位提高9.95%可达53.19%,回收率提高1.5%约93.32%,锌精矿品位提高1.88%达41.20%,锌的回收率提高6.63%约为88.36%。达到铅精矿降锌和提高精矿质量和回收率的目的,药剂耗量大幅度降低,分选流程简化,取得了显著的经济效益。