强变形AZ31镁合金的静态再结晶

通过光学显微镜及SEM/EBSD观察研究强变形AZ31镁合金在300～673 K的退火行为,分析显微组织、晶粒尺寸分布、平均晶粒尺寸、硬度及变形织构随退火温度的变化.结果表明:细晶组分随着温度的升高不断降低,退火过程按退火温度可分为孕育、再结晶急速长大及晶粒正常长大3个阶段.强变形过程中,发生连续动态再结晶的镁合金在随后的退火过程中主要受晶粒长大控制,没有发生织构变化,即为连续静态再结晶.     

镁合金温变形过程中的孪生及孪晶交叉

对AZ31镁合金在3种温度(523,573和673 K)下进行了单向压缩变形.在523 K,当真应变ε达到0.22时真应力-真应变曲线出现尖锐的应力峰值,在应力峰值之前先后经历了缓慢加工硬化(0.02≤ε<0.06)和急剧加工硬化(0.06≤ε<0.22)2个阶段.利用SEM/EBSD技术分析了这2个阶段对应的显微组织.结果表明,在缓慢加工硬化阶段(ε=0.03),仅有少量孪晶出现;在急剧加工硬化阶段(ε=0.06),产生了大量{101~-2}孪晶,孪晶间的相互交叉导致材料产生急剧加工硬化.AZ31镁合金{101~-2}孪晶间交叉有5种可能存在的形式,孪晶的形成和交叉与压缩应力方向有密切关系.在基体应力方向分别为近似<112~-0>和<101~-0>方向时确认了(101~-2)-(011~-2)和(101~-2)-(01~-12)2种交叉形式.     

基于模态理论的白车身静刚度计算方法

以线性系统的模态理论为基础,将简单矩形框架的弹性体模态与静刚度之间的关联性推广到白车身,推导出了具体的数学表达式,再以此为依据,通过有限元分析直接提取各阶弹性体模态参数,从而获取车身静刚度,改变了以往依靠柔度矩阵和大型试验来计算静刚度的方法。研究结果表明,模态理论方法和传统静力学方法所得到的静刚度相差在10%以内,说明白车身的整体静态柔度可以用模态柔度贡献量之和表达,且这种计算方法具有较高精度,能为低阶模态和刚度性能的目标设定提供参考。同时,各阶模态的柔度贡献量的大小可以作为低阶模态识别的重要依据。最后将有限元计算结果与白车身静刚度试验结果作对比,其误差控制在8%以内,其中由模态方法计算的扭转刚度误差低于3%,因此说明此次有限元分析是可靠的。     

取样方向对冷轧Cu板动态强迫剪切变形行为的影响

分别沿与冷轧Cu板轧向成0°(RD-0°),45°(RD-45°)和90°(RD-90°)方向取帽形试样,利用Split-Hopkinson压杆实验装置,研究了强迫剪切条件下冷轧Cu板的动态变形特征.结果表明:冷轧Cu板强迫剪切动态力学行为呈现出明显的各向异性,RD-90°方向屈服强度和峰值应力最大,RD-45°其次,RD-0°方向最小.不同方向的绝热剪切变形行为也表现出较大的差异,RD-0°方向的绝热剪切带内的变形相比其它2个方向均匀,绝热剪切敏感性最弱.基于剪切应力-剪切应变曲线和绝热剪切扩展所需能量,定性解释了不同方向绝热剪切敏感性的差异.EBSD的实验观察表明,3个方向上的剪切带内均有超细晶存在.基于亚晶旋转动态再结晶机制,理论计算结果证实了剪切带内发生再结晶的动力学可行性.     

Static recrystallization behavior of hot-deformed magnesium alloy AZ31 during isothermal annealing

The static recrystallization of hot-deformed magnesium alloy AZ31 during isothermal annealing was studied at temperature of 503 K by optical and SEM/EBSD metallographic observation. The grain size change during isothermal annealing is categorized into three regions, i.e. an incubation period for grain growth, rapid grain coarsening, and normal grain growth. The number of fine grains per unit area, however, decreases remarkably even in incubation period. This leads to grain coarsening taking place continuously in the whole period of annealing. In contrast, the deformation texture scarcely changes even after full annealing at high temperatures. It is concluded that the annealing processes operating in hot-deformed magnesium alloy with continuous dynamic recrystallized grain structures can be mainly controlled by grain coarsening without texture change, that is, continuous static recrystallization.     

AZ31镁合金板材低温双向反复弯曲变形及退火过程的组织演化

对AZ31镁合金热轧板材在423 K进行了双向反复弯曲变形及523 K退火处理,利用OM及SEM/EBSD技术研究了该工艺过程中的组织和织构演化规律.结果表明,孪生为其主要的变形机制,随着变形道次的增加,靠近表面的晶粒中不断地累积孪生变形,并最终被高密度的孪晶分割细化;而中部组织变化不大,仅有少量孪晶产生;样品趋向于形...     

Dynamic recrystallization and texture development during hot deformation of magnesium alloy AZ31

The dynamic recrystallization(DRX) and texture development, taking place during hot deformation of magnesium alloy AZ31 with a strong wire texture, were studied in compression at 673 K (0.73 Tm). Two kinds of samples were machined parallelly to the extruded and transverse directions of Mg alloy rods. New fine grains are evolved at original grain boundaries corrugated at low strains and develop rapidly in the medium range of strain, finally leading to a roughly full evolution of equiaxial fine grains. Kink bands are evolved at grain boundaries corrugated and also frequently in grain interiors at low strains. The boundary misorientations of kink band increase rapidly with increasing strain and approach a saturation value in high strain. The average size of the regions fragmented by kink band is almost the same as that of new grains evolved in high strain. These characteristics of new grain evolution process are not changed by the orientation of the samples, while the flow behaviors clearly depend on it. It is concluded that new grain evolution can be controlled by a deformation-induced continuous reaction, i.e. continuous dynamic recrystallization(DRX). The latter is discussed by comparing with conventional, i.e. discontinuous DRX.     

初始取向对AZ31镁合金微观织构演化的影响

将从挤压棒材中截取的长轴与挤压方向分别成0°,45°和90°的AZ31镁合金长方体试样在中、高温度(523-723 K)下沿长轴方向压缩变形,利用OM和SEM/EBSD技术观察和分析了初始取向对其微观织构演化的影响.结果表明,随着变形温度的降低,初始取向对变形行为的影响显著增加,在523 K时,长轴平行挤压方向的0°试...     

低速热变形对挤压态Mg-Zn-Mn合金组织及力学性能的影响

结合光学显微镜(OM)、电子背散射衍射技术(EBSD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)等,分析了低速热变形对挤压态Mg-Zn-Mn合金显微组织及室温压缩性能的影响。结果表明：Mg-Zn-Mn合金在200～300℃的低速热压缩过程中存在明显的动态再结晶和动态析出,热压后样品组织明显细化且基面织构减弱。对于热压后样品,其抗压强度和断裂应变随变形温度的升高先增大后减小。对于250℃下热压缩的样品,其抗压强度和断裂应变随热压变形量的增大先减小后增大。其中,在250℃下热压缩且变形量为70%时,合金的性能提升最为显著,在不损害塑性的情况下,其屈服强度(σ0.2)和抗压强度分别达到247 MPa和504 MPa,比挤压态时分别提升了63%和19%。     

Mg-Y及AZ31镁合金高温变形过程中微观织构的演化

在温度为723 K、应变速度为3×10-3 s-1的条件下,对Mg-Y及AZ31镁合金挤压棒材进行单向压缩变形,利用OM、SEM和EBSD观察、分析Y对挤压棒材动态再结晶和微观织构的影响。结果表明:AZ31镁合金在真应变ε=0.2时发生明显的动态再结晶,在ε=0.5时,动态再结晶晶粒的体积分数高达80%以上;而Mg-Y合金在真应变ε=0.4时,动态再结晶体积分数尚不足10%,Y对镁合金动态再结晶有显著的阻碍作用;AZ31镁合金变形时,几乎所有晶粒的基面趋向于由变形前平行于压缩方向转至垂直于压缩方向,导致基面织构在ε=1.2时发生近90°的转动;Mg-Y合金则只有小部分晶粒发生转动,转动所形成的择优取向在动态再结晶后显著弱化,并导致取向分布更加随机;Y的添加可导致镁合金基面织构在动态再结晶后显著弱化。