Strain rate dependency and fragmentation pattern of expanding warheads

For the characterization of the behaviors of a metal material in events like expanding warheads, it is necessary to know its strength and ductility at high strain rates, around 104e105/s. The flyer plate impact testing produces the uniform stress and strain rates but the testing is expensive. The Taylor test is relatively inexpensive but produces non-uniform stress and strain fields, and the results are not so easily inferred for material modeling. In the split-Hopkinson bar(SHB), which may be used in compression, tension and torsion testing, the strain rates never exceeds 103/s. In the present work, we use the expanding ring test where the strain rate is 104e105/s. A streak camera is used to examine the expanding ring velocity, and a water tank is used to collect the fragments. The experimental results are compared with the numerical simulations using the hydrocodes AUTODYN, IMPETUS Afea and a regularized smooth particle(RSPH) software. The number of fragments increases with the increase in the expansion velocity of the rings. The number of fragments is similar to the experimental results. The RSPH software shows much the same results as the AUTODYN where the Lagrangian solver is used for the ring. The IMPETUS Afea solver shows a somewhat different fragmentation characteristic due to the node splitting algorithm that induces pronounced tensile splitting.     

Erratum to: Suspended superconducting weak links from aerosol-synthesized single-walled carbon nanotubes

Erratum to Nano Research 2020,13(12):3433-3438 https://doi.org/101007/s12274-020-3032-1 The article“Suspended superconducting weak links from aerosol-synthesized single-walled carbon nanotubes"written by Jukka-Pekka Kaikkonen1(■),Abhilash Thanniyil Sebastian3,Patrik Laiho3,Nan Wei3,Marco Will-2,Yongping Liao3,Esko I.Kauppinen3,and Pertti J.Hakonen1,2(■),was originally published Online First without Open Access.     

冷却速率对包晶钢凝固过程中包晶转变收缩的影响

通过高温激光共聚焦显微镜模拟观察了Fe-0.1C-0.21Si-1.2Mn (质量分数,%)包晶钢在不同冷却速率下的包晶相变过程,然后利用试样表面粗糙度变化反映了包晶转变收缩程度的不同。结果显示,冷却速率超过临界值后包晶转变能够发生快速相变,快速相变引起突然的包晶转变收缩和表面粗糙度变化。随冷却速率的增加包晶钢的包晶转变收缩呈先增加后减小的趋势,在冷却速率为20℃/s时表面粗糙度达到最大值,此时的表面粗糙度约是低冷却速率(2.5℃/s)时表面粗糙度的2.8倍。当冷却速率足够大后包晶转变收缩又开始减小,这一变化为高拉速下减少包晶钢连铸坯表面纵裂纹的发生提供了新策略。     

福建平和深坑饰面石材(沉凝灰岩)矿地质特征及成矿规律研究

福建平和深坑饰面石材矿赋存于早白垩世黄坑组上段中,沉凝灰岩矿体呈层状分布,其矿石颜色、装饰性能、物理力学性能及荒料率等各项指标满足开采技术要求;矿床主要控矿因素有地层、岩浆岩及变质作用。     

Critical parameters near the ferromagnetic-paramagnetic phase transition in La0.67–xYxBa0.23Ca0.1MnO3 compounds（x=0.10 and x=0.15）

The critical properties of the mixed manganite La0.67–x Y x Ba0.23Ca0.1Mn O3 with x=0.10 and x=0.15 around the paramagnetic(PM)-ferromagnetic(FM) phase transition were investigated through various techniques. These involved modified Arrott plots, Kouvel-Fisher method and Widom scaling relation. Magnetic data, analyzed in the critical region, using the above methods, yielded the critical exponents for(x=0.10) La0.57Y0.10Ba0.23Ca0.1Mn O3(β=0.312±0.002 and γ=1.147±0.003 at T C=299.23±0.05 K). Moreover, the estimated critical exponents of(x=0.15) La0.52Y0.15Ba0.23Ca0.1Mn O3 were β=0.286±0.004 and γ=0.943±0.002 at T C=289.53±0.06 K. The critical exponents’ values were close to the theoretical values of 3D-Ising model and tricritical mean-field model. These results suggested that the present composition should be close to a tricritical point in the La0.67–x Y x Ba0.23Ca0.1Mn O3 phase diagram. Expressing the field dependence as ΔS M∝H n allowed us to establish a relationship between the exponent n and the critical exponents of the material and to propose a phenomenological universal curve for the field dependence of ΔS M.     

含煤盆地深层“超饱和”煤层气形成条件

中国深层煤层气资源丰富，但总体勘探和认识程度较低，尚未形成较为系统的深层煤层气地质理论。通过解剖分析准噶尔盆地白家海凸起和鄂尔多斯盆地临兴区块深层"超饱和"煤层气井的试气/生产动态，估算原地游离气的含气量，分析了深层"超饱和"煤层气的形成条件。研究表明：①深层"超饱和"煤层气储层中除吸附气外，还含有原地游离气，用常规试气方法可直接获得气流，煤层气的产出不明显依赖于排水降压；②埋藏超过一定深度，在煤阶和温度的综合作用下，煤的吸附能力将随埋深的继续增加而降低，煤层中吸附气的饱和度有增加的趋势，在达到吸附饱和后，出现原地游离气并形成"超饱和"煤层气，盆地深层具有"超饱和"煤层气形成的优势条件；③由于地温梯度和压力梯度的不同，不同盆地"超饱和"煤层气出现的临界深度不同，异常高压和异常高热流可以降低深层"超饱和"煤层气形成的临界深度；④深层"超饱和"煤层气开发具有大大缩短见气时间、充分利用地层能量和累积产水量低等优势，有望成为未来煤层气勘探开发的一个重要领域。     

低温氮、磁化综合处理钻头使用性能提高的X射线和电子显微技术分析研究

在地质钻探和石油钻井中,钻头都是非常重要的钻进工具。其技术特性,特别是硬度和耐磨性与钻探的技术经济指标,即与机械钻速、钻头进尺和每米钻探成本直接相关。为了提高钻头的工作性能,俄罗斯南方国立技术大学提出了综合低温淬火、磁化回火处理钻头的方法。经过综合处理后,钻头体、复合片底座和钎焊层的硬度分别提高了30%、3%和22%。野外钻进试验结果表明,经过低温液态氮和磁化综合处理的与未经综合处理的钻头相比,每次试验钻头进尺都有提高,总体上钻头进尺提高了22.2%,取得了很好的钻进效果。并对取得的效果进行了X射线和显微技术分析。     

金属对酯类航空润滑油高温氧化作用影响研究

酯类油是被广泛应用的航空润滑油基础油,以50-1-4Ф航空润滑油为试验对象,用高温反应釜模拟航空润滑油高温氧化过程,以铜片和铁片作为催化剂,通过分析试验前后油样黏度、酸值、倾点变化,研究金属对酯类航空润滑油高温氧化作用的影响。结果表明,金属Fe和Cu具有明显的催化作用,使得试验油样黏度、酸值、倾点变化更加剧烈;铁片对酯类航空润滑油的催化作用强于铜片,且铁片、铜片共存时催化效果更加强烈;增加金属片的数量,对试验油样的黏度、酸值、倾点影响不大。     

陕西凤县东塘子铅锌矿床黄铁矿标型特征及成因意义

东塘子铅锌矿位于秦岭造山带凤太矿集区陕西宝鸡境内,关于其成因类型有两种截然不同的认识:热水喷流沉积-改造(再造)型和热液型,近年来更多的人强调岩浆作用对矿床形成的影响。通过电子探针对陕西省凤县东塘子铅锌矿床中岩浆岩脉、上盘弱蚀变千枚岩及矿石中的黄铁矿的形态特征、化学成分特征做详细对比研究,分析不同类型岩石、矿石中黄铁矿中的w(Co)/w(Ni)比值、As、Fe/(S+As)值的分布范围,试图找到其中的矿床成因指示特征。参考前人对区内成岩成矿年代学和地球化学分析,结合本文的矿物地球化学分析结果,研究表明东塘子铅锌矿具有与岩浆作用密切相关的热液成因特征。     

中铝河南分公司首次实现氧化镓批量销售

近日，中铝河南分公司镓产品的开发和生产取得新进展．在成功开发了荧光氧化镓、医用氯化镓材料等产品的基础上，生产工艺进一步优化，产品纯度不断提升．首次实现了氧化镓产品的批量销售，预计年内该分公司氧化镓的生产能力将初具规模。近年来，中铝河南分公司一方面不断加强质量攻关，优化生产工艺，镓产品回收率及生产能力都有了较大幅度的提高；另一方面，加强与客户沟通，深入了解市场形势和行情，确定产品定位。