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排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
81.
BS Kendrick BS Chang T Arakawa B Peterson TW Randolph MC Manning JF Carpenter 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1997,94(22):11917-11922
Understanding the mechanism for sucrose-induced protein stabilization is important in many diverse fields, ranging from biochemistry and environmental physiology to pharmaceutical science. Timasheff and Lee [Lee, J. C. & Timasheff, S. N. (1981) J. Biol. Chem. 256, 7193-7201] have established that thermodynamic stabilization of proteins by sucrose is due to preferential exclusion of the sugar from the protein's surface, which increases protein chemical potential. The current study measures the preferential exclusion of 1 M sucrose from a protein drug, recombinant interleukin 1 receptor antagonist (rhIL-1ra). It is proposed that the degree of preferential exclusion and increase in chemical potential are directly proportional to the protein surface area and that, hence, the system will favor the protein state with the smallest surface area. This mechanism explains the observed sucrose-induced restriction of rhIL-1ra conformational fluctuations, which were studied by hydrogen-deuterium exchange and cysteine reactivity measurements. Furthermore, infrared spectroscopy of rhlL-1ra suggested that a more ordered native conformation is induced by sucrose. Electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy demonstrated that in the presence of sucrose, spin-labeled cysteine 116 becomes more buried in the protein's interior and that the hydrodynamic diameter of the protein is reduced. The preferential exclusion of sucrose from the protein and the resulting shift in the equilibrium between protein states toward the most compact conformation account for sucrose-induced effects on rhIL-1ra. 相似文献
82.
SF Zakharov SH Kwok H Sokoloff HT Chang SP Radko A Chrambach 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1998,19(10):1625-1630
An automated gel electrophoresis apparatus, recently available commercially, allows one to follow the band during electrophoresis in real time, and lends itself therefore to an evaluation of bandwidth as a function of migration time (the dispersion coefficient), resolution and band shape. These determinations assume the constancy of band area with migration time and at various gel concentrations. The purpose of the present study was to verify these assumptions. Representative proteins and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)-proteins, either natively fluorescent or fluorescein carboxylate labeled, were found to exhibit band areas which approach constancy as a function of migration time in both agarose and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, provided that (i) the protein concentration under the band was low enough to obviate self-quenching of fluorescence; (ii) the separation of the protein of interest from contaminants had progressed sufficiently during the time at which band areas were measured; (iii) the baseline under the peak was sufficiently well defined. However, band areas decrease with increasing gel concentration. Protein peaks exhibited leading and trailing tails. The ratio of the combined tail area to total area appeared to be near-constant at varying migration times. However, that ratio increases with increasing gel concentration. The tail area does not appear to be an artifact of fluorometric detection since it is reproduced upon fluorimetric analysis of the protein eluted from gel slices after electrophoresis. However, it may be due to photochemical destruction under the conditions of repetitive fluorometric peak detection. 相似文献
83.
Early patterning of prelimbic cortical axons to the striatal patch compartment in the neonatal mouse
LK Nisenbaum SM Webster SL Chang KD McQueeney JJ LoTurco 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1998,20(2-3):113-124
The striatum receives excitatory input from virtually the entire cerebral cortex. In the adult, this input is segregated into two functionally distinct compartments of the striatum, the patch (striosome) and matrix regions. This study determined whether the patterning of corticostriatal afferents from the prelimbic cortex to the striatal patch compartment develops during the early period of collateral formation or instead at the time of peak synaptogenesis. Initial formation of corticostriatal axon collaterals was observed by embryonic day (E) 19. Quantification of corticostriatal collaterals revealed a significant increase in the number and complexity of collateral branches at postnatal day 6 as compared to E19. Concomitant with the increase in collateral branching, a heterogeneous pattern of collateralization consisting of parallel rows of corticostriatal collaterals was observed in the medial striatum. In addition to the rows, clusters of corticostriatal axons occurred more laterally. These clusters colocalized with patches of dense tyrosine hydroxylase-positive fibers, a marker for the striatal patch compartment in the neonatal mouse. Together, these data indicate that corticostriatal patterning occurs during the period of early axon collateralization resulting in a segregation of corticostriatal axon collaterals from the prelimbic cortex to the striatal patch compartment. 相似文献
84.
A large quantity of laminated fine grain zones were observed in the Al-Mg-Li alloy weld metal by manual TIG, which was not found in ordinary Al alloy welds. The fine grain zone is formed because of the Al3(Zr,Ti) particles in the filler metal and the manual filling of filler metal in welding process 相似文献
85.
屏蔽暂堵技术在青西地区的应用 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
对玉门油田青西地区裂缝性储层的保护方法 ,最有效的技术手段就是利用屏蔽暂堵技术。根据该地区储层岩性不同 ,分别选用聚磺、金属离子、阳离子钻井液体系 ,在原浆的基础上加入EP - 2、LF - 1和硅油消泡剂 ,配制成屏蔽暂堵钻井液体系。通过室内试验 :屏蔽暂堵钻井液体系API失水小于 5ml,HTHP失水小于 13ml,岩心渗透率恢复值大于 70 % ,起到了良好的屏蔽暂堵效果。经完井试油发现 ,储层污染明显减小 ,产量与邻井相比有大幅度提高 相似文献
86.
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89.
一种支持QoS的拓扑自适应动态组播路由算法 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
YAM、QoSMIC、DSDMR等一类支持QoS的动态组播路由算法允许组播成员动态地加入和离开,同时为接收方提供多个可选择的组播接入路径,以满足不同应用的QoS需求。但这些算法普遍存在控制信令开销大和结点加入时延长,可扩展性不好等问题。本文在分析这些算法的基础上,提出改进的支持QoS的动态组播路由算法,即拓扑自适应动态组播路由(Topology Adaptive Dynamic Multicast Routing,TADMR)算法。该算法避免了以往算法中大部分盲目的路径搜索,并使结点加入时延不再受限于固定的等待时钟,而与网络拓扑相自适应。性能分析和仿真结果表明,该算法具有较低的控制信令开销和结点加入时延,适用于各种网络规模和群组规模,具有良好的可扩展性。 相似文献
90.