Geometry effect on membrane absorption for CO2 capture. Part I: A hybrid modeling approach

Membrane absorption (MA) has a great prospect for CO₂ capture. In MA modeling, conventional one-dimensional (1D)- and two-dimensional (2D)-models make simplification of membrane contactor (MC) geometry. Geometry simplification allows an easy process modeling and numerical solution, however, is only reasonable for particular MCs. Here, efforts are underway to quantify the geometry effect on the MA-CO₂ performance. First, we proposed a rigorous 3D model without geometry simplification for simulating the MA-CO₂ process in real MCs and then validated it with experimental data. More importantly, we highlighted a preferable hybrid model in which two correction factors were introduced to a 2D model to make the simulation results approximately equal to the 3D simulation values. The correction factors were correlated with dimensionless fluid dynamic parameters for characterizing the geometry effects on flowing fluids. Such hybrid modeling contributes to characterizing the influence of geometry on the MA-CO₂ performance and improving computation accuracy-efficiency combinations.     

环氧丙烯酸酯微球消光母液的制备及光扩散性能的研究

以环氧丙烯酸酯（ G500-P）、三乙烯四胺（ TETA）和烯丙基二甘醇二碳酸酯（ CR-39）为反应体系,通过反应诱导相分离法制备了微米级环氧丙烯酸酯微球（ EAMs）消光母液。改变反应体系中 G500-P的用量,可在较大范围内控制 EAMs的粒径。通过 UV固化的方法将复配的消光母液与透明 UV固化涂料制成光扩散膜,探究了 CR-39与 G500-P不同质量比时制得的消光母液以及母液添加量对光扩散膜光学性能的影响,并对光扩散膜的实际消光效果进行了分析。结果表明：当选用 CR-39与 G500-P质量比为 7∶3制得的消光母液,添加量为 10%时,光扩散膜的透过率达到 84. 2%,同时雾度高达 85. 4%,光扩散膜兼具高透过率与高雾度。与传统直接共混微球的方式相比,添加消光母液能有效解决微球在共混过程中团聚的问题。     

基于微纳层叠技术的聚合物纳米纤维制备及应用研究进展

简述了微纳层叠共挤技术的发展;总结了近些年来基于微纳层叠技术制备纳米纤维的研究进展,包括聚合物参数,制备方法和成纤机理;对目前几种典型微纳层叠成纤方法进行了分类和对比,并对纤维的性能进行了阐述;对微纳层叠纳米纤维的应用进行了介绍。最后针对微纳层叠技术用于纳米纤维制备的发展方向和应对的挑战进行了浅析。     

低粘度超高性能混凝土(UHPC)试验研究

本文研究了水胶比、骨料、硅灰、超细矿粉、减水剂类型等参数对超高性能混凝土的流动性、粘度、抗压强度和抗折强度的影响规律,给出了低粘度超高性能混凝土粘度的主要影响因素：水胶比、细骨料比例、减水剂类型,提出了适宜配合比参数范围：水胶比为0.16,硅灰掺量为15%,超细矿粉掺量为10%,细砂比例≤20%,骨料选用精制石英砂,减水剂选用降粘型液体减水剂。     

Carbon-coated Ni-Co alloy catalysts: preparation and performance for in-situ aqueous phase hydrodeoxygenation of methyl palmitate to hydrocarbons using methanol as the hydrogen donor

Carbon-coated Ni, Co and Ni-Co alloy catalysts were prepared by the carbonization of the metal doped resorcinol-formaldehyde resins synthesized by the one-pot extended Stöber method. It was found that the introduction of Co remarkably reduced the carbon microsphere size. The metallic Ni, Co, and Ni-Co alloy particles (mainly 10–12 nm) were uniformly distributed in carbon microspheres. A charge transfer from Ni to Co appeared in the Ni-Co alloy. Compared with those of metallic Ni and Co, the d-band center of the Ni-Co alloy shifted away from and toward the Fermi level, respectively. In the in-situ aqueous phase hydrodeoxygenation of methyl palmitate with methanol as the hydrogen donor at 330 °C, the decarbonylation/decarboxylation pathway dominated on all catalysts. The Ni-Co@C catalysts gave higher activity than the Ni@C and Co@C catalysts, and the yields of n-pentadecane and n-C₆–n-C₁₆ reached 71.6% and 92.6%, respectively. The excellent performance of Ni-Co@C is attributed to the electronic interactions between Ni and Co and the small carbon microspheres. Due to the confinement effect of carbon, the metal particles showed high resistance to sintering under harsh hydrothermal conditions. Catalyst deactivation is due to the carbonaceous deposition, and the regeneration with CO₂ recovered the catalyst reactivity.     

输电铁塔用耐候钢耐腐蚀性能研究

对实验室冶炼的1#～4#输电铁塔用耐候钢分别进行周期浸润腐蚀试验、中性盐雾试验及电化学腐蚀试验,选用Q345B作为对比试样,对其在模拟海洋大气环境、工业大气环境下的耐腐蚀性能进行评估.研究表明,4种输电铁塔用钢耐腐蚀性能均优于Q345B,尤以模拟工业大气环境效果突出.当Cr含量小于1.0％时,对耐腐蚀性能的影响不显著;3#试验钢在3种测试方式中耐腐蚀性能优异.     

大厚度临氢Cr-Mo钢在辊式淬火线生产工艺的开发与应用

根据舞钢300 mm厚板辊式淬火线工艺特点,结合以往采用淬火槽生产大厚度临氢Cr-Mo钢的经验及其性能要求,对钢板成分设计和正火加速冷却过程关键工艺参数进行研究,确定了大厚度临氢Cr-Mo钢板在舞钢300 mm厚板淬火线合适的正火加速冷却工艺,成功实现了大厚度临氢Cr-Mo钢板的批量生产.检验结果表明:由300 mm厚板辊式淬火线生产的大厚度临氢Cr-Mo钢板,力学性能稳定,完全满足严格的使用要求,同时板型控制效果良好,在国内临氢压力容器制造领域得到广泛应用.     

Geometric error compensation for five-axis ball-end milling by considering machined surface textures

Arbitrarily adjusting tool poses during error compensation may affect the quality of surface textures. This paper presents one tool center limitation-based geometric error compensation for five-axis ball-end milling to avoid the unexpected machined textures. Firstly, the mechanism of cutter location generation with cuter contact (CC) trajectory is analyzed. Due to zero bottom radius of ball-end cutter, CC points of the surface are only related to the tool center of the cutter. Realizing that, tool center limitation method of ball-end milling is established based on the generation of movements of all axes in order to ensure the machined textures. Then, geometric error compensation of ball-end milling is expressed as optimizing rotation angles of rotary axes by limiting tool centers of cutter locations. Next, particle swarm optimization (PSO) is intergraded into the geometric error compensation to obtain the compensated numerical control (NC) code. The limited region for particles of rotation angles is established, and moving criterion with a mutation operation is presented. With the help of the tool center limitation method, fitnesses of all particles are calculated with the integrated geometric error model. In this way, surface textures are considered and geometric errors of the machine tool are reduced. At last, cutting experiments on five-axis ball-end milling are carried out to testify the effectiveness of the proposed geometric error compensation.     

Effect of forces on dynamic metal transfer behavior of cable-type welding wire gas metal arc welding

A cable-type welding wire (CWW) gas metal arc welding (GMAW) method was proposed as a novel approach, using CWW for the consumable electrode. Droplet transfer influences the welding process, and the forces on the droplet were analyzed to elucidate the metal transfer phenomenon observed during the welding process. The effects of the arc pressure, rotating force, and welding parameters were analyzed to understand the metal transfer. The special structure of the CWW affected the arc characteristics and forces during metal transfer as part of the welding process. The droplet formed by droplets from each thin wire, the arc, and electromagnetic forces on droplet formation and the coupling process were analyzed. The arc pressure and rotating forces are beneficial to metal transfer and increase the droplet transfer frequency. The droplet size decreases with increasing welding parameters.