基于小波变换的地震波时变功率谱估计

为进一步认识地震动的非平稳特性,基于小波变换提出一种估计时变功率谱的方法.利用小波变换的带通滤波特性,结合时变功率谱的物理意义,从能量的角度推导各频带上小波系数与时变功率谱密度函数的关系,从而通过地震动信号的小波系数估计时变功率谱.利用基于小波变换的估计时变功率谱方法,针对实测和模拟地震动信号进行时变功率谱估计,并与基于傅里叶变换估计的功率谱进行了比较验证.结果表明：该方法正确、可行,它将原有的频率-幅值的二维认识提高到频率-时间-幅值的三维认识,解决了傅里叶变换估计功率谱缺乏时间信息的问题.     

封装板式冰蓄冷系统蓄能模糊建模与分析

针对冰蓄冷系统蓄能的非线性特性,将自适应神经网络应用于封装板式圆罐型蓄冰装置的蓄能初始化和释冷出口温度实时运行的模糊建模,进行了冰蓄冷系统蓄冷量的模糊建模,确定了实验影响因素载冷剂进口温度、载冷剂流速、蓄冷时间的隶属度函数和模糊推理规则.运用减法聚类法和网格法对模型进行初始化训练与运行对比,使蓄冷系统能够跟踪负荷情况.通过调控影响因素的参数,可以更合理地初始化设定蓄冷阶段的蓄冷量.利用该建模程序进行实时释冷出口温度模糊建模策略验证,模型运行平稳.冰蓄冷装置蓄能模糊控制性能的优化保证了蓄冷量与负荷相匹配,实时输出释冷出口温度,进而达到冰蓄冷空调系统优化及经济运行的目标.     

隧道埋深及开挖方法对于二衬支护时机的影响

为了研究隧道埋深和施工方法对二衬支护时机的影响,以广梧高速公路牛车顶隧道为工程背景,建立数值计算模型,分别改变隧道埋深和施工方法,得到相应的隧道二衬支护时机.结果表明：通过数值计算,可定量得到二衬及掌子面之间的允许距离和埋深的关系;当埋深较小时,二衬与掌子面的允许距离随着埋深的增加而增加;当埋深超过某一限值时,隧道二衬与掌子面的允许距离基本不变;开挖工法对二衬与掌子面间的允许距离影响比较显著,而对仰拱与掌子面的允许距离影响很小.随着开挖断面分部的增加,开挖对围岩的扰动减小,因而可以适当延缓构筑二衬时机.若选取Ⅲ级围岩中的全断面开挖法作为参考基准,则围岩中二衬与掌子面的允许距离将由于选择不同工法需进行修正,相应的修正值为：全断面法1.0,上下台阶法和中隔壁法均为1.5.     

复杂多源注水系统变频调速优化改进遗传算法

为了对复杂多源注水系统变频调速控制进行更全面的优化,以水量、投资回收期等限制作为约束条件,建立了优化控制数学模型.采用实数编码改进遗传算法对模型进行求解,同时优化出变频调速数量、位置和所有泵的运行参数,给出了处理泵排量以及根据投资回收期确定变频调速数量和位置的方法,大大减少了不可行解的产生,通过调整适应函数,使改进遗传算法具有一定的自适应性,提高了算法的优化性能.通过算例证明了该优化方法的有效性与可行性.     

基于高级Petri网的住院医师培训工作流建模与分析

为了实现住院医师培训系统协调并发运行、工作流程顺畅无误运转,提出一种基于着色高级Petri网与跨组织Petri网技术相结合的综合建模方法.针对跨组织模型结构,通过分级验证法验证模型性能,即采用不变量验证法验证组织内活性,采用归约可达图法验证组织间关联关系的可达性.利用不变量法和归约可达图验证法可确保组织内部和组织间无死锁,采用着色跨组织方法构建的模型适应于住院医师培训系统多角色和并发性的特点,提高了系统的实用性和高效性.     

紫外/臭氧复合杀灭水中细菌性能研究

为开发一种高效灭菌方法,研究了UV/O3的复合灭菌性能,对紫外辐射、臭氧和羟基自由基等在体系中的各自作用进行探讨,同时考察pH值、温度等对灭菌效果的影响.结果表明,UV/O3较单独紫外或臭氧灭菌时效果有所提高,在初始臭氧质量浓度为5.02mg·L-1,液面紫外辐射强度为6.5mW·cm-2,灭菌时间1.5～9.0s时,UV/O3对细菌总数灭菌率达3.6～6.4,单独紫外时为1.8～4.7,单独臭氧时仅为1.6～3.0.羟基自由基的产生是复合灭菌效果增加的主要原因.随紫外辐射强度和臭氧投加量的增加,复合灭菌作用得到提高.pH值在5.5～8.5变化时,UV/O3灭菌效果随原水pH值的增加略有提高.温度由10℃上升到27℃时,灭菌效果稍有下降.由此可见,UV/O3是一种高效可行的水体灭菌技术。     

The electrical properties and snow melting of graphite slurry infiltrated steel fiber concrete

The conductivity property of graphite slurry infiltrated steel fiber concrete (GSIFCON) was investigated by the four-probe method. The experimental results show that the electrical resistivity of GSIFCON decreases significantly at a specific concentration of graphite, i e, the percolation concentration. A model was accordingly developed to explain its conductive mechanism, where graphite particles could be served as bridge for conductive network between unconnected fiber chains. For an application, snow melting test of GSIFCON was carried out and a simple heating power analysis was performed. The results reveal that the thermal energy produced by GSIFCON makes snow melting effectively and the electrothermal efficiency can reach approximately 20%.     

High-g impact resistance for epoxy molding compound

The behavior of resistance high-g impact of EMC (epoxy molding compound) with two package models, small outline package (POS) and Globtop, was evaluated by experimental method used Hopkinson bar. At 120,000 g (generated in the Hopkinson bar with widths about 70 μ s) no damage in either the POS devices or the Globtop devices was observed. In order to enhance the EMC’s ability of resistance high-g impact, buffering effect of epoxy resin was also studied. The experimental results above all show that EMC has a better performance of impact resistance at about 120,000 g, and epoxy resin can absorb the stress wave to have the protected ability. The study of this paper could serve as a basis for selection packaging materials and enhance its reliability in high-g impact environment.     

相势复合控藏作用在塔中北部地区的应用研究

相和势对油气藏形成与分布有着重要的控制作用,利用相势复合定位可以对有利勘探目标区进行预测.以塔里木盆地塔中北部地区为例,应用相势复合原理对有利目标区进行了预测.结果表明:塔中北部地区油气的分布宏观上受构造相带和沉积体系展布的控制,微观上砂体的含油气性受岩相和岩石物理相的控制,相控油气作用表现出相对高孔渗的控藏地质模式;塔中地区油气的分布还受界面势能(碳酸盐岩)和位能(碎屑岩)的控制,上构造层油气主要分布在相对低位能处;下构造层油气主要分布在相对低界面势能处.油气的分布受相、势联合控制,优相低势区为油气聚集的有利区带.通过用相势复合理论对塔中油气藏有利目标区进行预测后发现,目前已发现的油气藏落入预测有目标区的概率在90%以上,其预测结果对油气勘探有指导意义.     

Influence of carboxyl groups on the particle size and rheological properties of polyacrylate latices

The PAL was synthesized with BA,MMA and some monomers containing carboxyl groups(for example,acrylic acid(AA) and methacrylic acid(MAA)) as co-monomers by semi-continuous seeded emulsion polymerization technique.The influences of alkalinization temperature,the feeding manner of AA or MAA on the particles size,rheological properties and carboxyl distribution of the latex were discussed,and the rheological mechanism was analyzed.The experimental results show that the PAL system has preferable viscosity and particle size when the alkalinization temperature is 50 ℃.Different distribution of carboxyl group in the particles and different resultant rheological properties are obtained by different feeding manner of AA or MAA into the system.The TEM images show that the particle is a smooth globe with carboxyl group concentrating on the surface and stabilized with electric double layer and nonionic adsorbed layer.The concentration of carboxyl functional group on the surface of particles can be achieved by the specific polymerization technique.The rheologyical properties are determined by accretion of particle volume and variation of the two phase volume ratio resulted from the carboxyl group spreading layer.