乙二醇合成工艺的研究进展

对国内外乙二醇合成的传统工艺:直接水合法、催化水合法和碳酸乙烯酯法进行了介绍;对乙二醇合成的新工艺,包括乙二醇和碳酸二甲酯联产法和C1化学法的工艺流程和发展前景进行了综述,其中,C1化学法主要分为乙烯合成法、合成气合成法和甲醛、甲醇合成法。作为合成气合成法之一的合成气偶联合成法,具有工艺要求不高、反应条件温和等优点,是目前最有希望大规模工业化生产乙二醇的工艺路线。     

Effects of organic farming on minerals contents and aroma composition of Clemenules mandarin juice

Consumers demand organic products because they believe that the organic products are more flavorful and respectful to the environment and human health. The effects of organic farming on the minerals contents and aroma composition of Clemenules mandarin juices were studied. Minerals (Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, Ca, Mg, K, and Na) were quantified using atomic absorption-emission spectroscopy, while volatile compounds were extracted using the dynamic headspace technique and were identified and quantified by GC–MS. In general, organic farming produced a mandarin juice with a higher quality than that produced by conventional agricultural practices. Higher concentrations of both minerals and positive volatile compounds were found in the organic juice, while the formation of off-flavors was higher in the conventional juice, although threshold values were not reached.     

真丝纬编织物的品种开发

真丝针织物的品种花色单调已严重影响和制约其扩大出口创汇及生产企业的经济效益及发展。认为主要是品种开发与市场需求脱节,未能掌握国际市场导向指导消费,以及生产技术素质和管理能力不足。文章提出了开发真丝纬编织物的基本原则和目前可行的开发品种。     

Uncertainty Matters: Computer Models at the Science–Policy Interface

The use of computer models offers a general and flexible framework that can help to deal with some of the complexities and difficulties associated with the development of water management plans as prescribed by the Water Framework Directive. However, despite the advantages modelling presents, the integration of information derived from models into policy is far away from being trivial or the norm. Part of the difficulties of this integration is rooted in the lack of confidence policy makers have on the incorporation of modelling information into policy formulation. In this paper we examine the reasons for this apparent lack of confidence and explore how some tools, presently in use, address this problem. We conclude that public confidence in models is highly dependent on the way uncertainties are addressed and suggest possible directions of action to improve the current situation. Four real case studies illustrate how computer models have been used in The Netherlands for carrying out management plans at regional and national scale. We suggest that the solution to integrate modelling information into policy formulation lies on both the modelling and the policy-making communities.     

吉林省中部地区水资源配置初探

中部地区水资源总量为39.61亿m3。城市用水与农业、生态用水矛盾突出,城市供水能力不足,水污染问题严重,地下水超采严重,水资源开发利用不协调。该区水资源已无进一步开发利用的潜力,需通过调水工程解决缺水问题。水资源配置思路为从地处松花江上游的丰满水库引水,增加供水能力。     

安徽省旱涝急转规律的认识与研究

旱涝急转是指某一地区或某一流域发生较长时间干旱时，突遇集中强降雨，引发山洪暴发、河水陡涨．客水入侵、内水难以及时外排的一种自然现象。旱涝急转极易造成人员伤亡、水库垮坝等重大经济损失。在防汛抗旱中，安徽省要充分认识旱涝急转的危害性，加强应急管理，具体包括思想上保持高度的警觉，加快防汛抗旱工程体系和预测预警体系建设，有效应对旱涝急转。     

重点建设工程档案管理工作探讨

针对重点建设工程档案的管理现状,提出了明确岗位责任、加强制度建设以及夯实基础工作的档案管理理念。     

我国硬质合金工业发展现状与资源保护

分析了我国硬质合金工业的发展现状,论述了战略资源保护的重要性,提出了增强我国硬质合金企业核心竞争力的方法及途径。     

软土地层中盾构法开挖三维有限元模拟

以某条软土地层中开挖的地铁隧道为例,根据非线性有限元法的基本原理,利用大型非线性有限元软件ADINA三维动态模拟地铁隧道开挖过程,计算结果揭示了在盾构推进过程中地表沉降分布以及特点,得到盾构法开挖引起的地表沉降曲线,其形态与Peck计算得出的横向地表沉降槽正态分布曲线的形态基本一致,隧道轴线正上方地表沉降最为明显。