Enhancement of the Performance of a Reflective SOA-Based Hybrid WDM/TDM PON System With a Remotely Pumped Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier

A passive optical network (PON) architecture based on a hybrid wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) and time-division multiplexing (TDM) PON system with a remotely pumped erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) is presented as an excellent candidate for use in a next-generation optical access network. The remotely pumped EDFA operates as a bidirectional amplifier and provides a 15-dB gain to both upstream signals and seed light sources, so the sensitivity of upstream transmission is greatly improved. An upstream transmission of 1.25 Gb/s with a low seed channel power of -14 dBm is made feasible over a total reach of 25 km for 32-WDM channels and 16-TDM splits by the use of the remotely pumped EDFA. This scheme has advantages that it uses a single transmission fiber for both down-and up-stream signals and that it reduces the Rayleigh scattering contribution.     

Engineering a Nanoscale Al‐MOF‐Armored Antigen Carried by a “Trojan Horse”‐Like Platform for Oral Vaccination to Induce Potent and Long‐Lasting Immunity

Vaccination via the oral administration of an antigen faces many challenges, including gastrointestinal (GI) proteolysis and mucosal barriers. To limit GI proteolysis, a biomimetically mineralized aluminum‐based metal–organic framework (Al‐MOF) system that is resistant to ambient temperature and pH and can act synergistically as a delivery vehicle and an adjuvant is synthesized over a model antigen ovalbumin (OVA) to act as armor. To overcome mucosal barriers, a yeast‐derived capsule is used to carry the Al‐MOF‐armored OVA as a “Trojan Horse”‐like transport platform. In vitro experiments reveal that the mineralization of Al‐MOFs forms an armor on OVA that protects against highly acidic and degradative GI conditions. However, the mineralized Al‐MOFs can gradually disintegrate in a phosphate ion‐containing simulated intracellular fluid, slowly releasing their encapsulated OVA. In vivo studies reveal that the “Trojan Horse”‐like transport platform specifically targets intestinal M cells, favoring the transepithelial transport of the Al‐MOF‐armored OVA, followed by subsequent endocytosis in local macrophages, ultimately accumulating in mesenteric lymph nodes, yielding long‐lasting, high‐levels of mucosal S‐IgA and serum IgG antibodies. Such an engineered delivery platform may represent a promising strategy for the oral administration of prophylactic or therapeutic antigens for vaccination.     

On exploring inter-iteration parallelism within rate-balanced multirate multidimensional DSP algorithms

Although the notion of the parallelism in multidimensional applications has existed for a long time, it is so far unknown what the bound (if any) of inter-iteration parallelism in multirate multidimensional digital signal processing (DSP) algorithms is, and whether the maximum inter-iteration parallelism can be achieved for arbitrary multirate data flow algorithms. This paper explores the bound of inter-iteration parallelism within rate-balanced multirate multidimensional DSP algorithms and proves that this parallelism can always be achieved in hardware system given the availability of a large number of processors and the interconnections between them.     

High‐Performance Micro‐Solid Oxide Fuel Cells Fabricated on Nanoporous Anodic Aluminum Oxide Templates

Micro‐solid oxide fuel cells (μ‐SOFCs) are fabricated on nanoporous anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) templates with a cell structure composed of a 600‐nm‐thick AAO free‐standing membrane embedded on a Si substrate, sputter‐deposited Pt electrodes (cathode and anode) and an yttria‐stabilized zirconia (YSZ) electrolyte deposited by pulsed laser deposition (PLD). Initially, the open circuit voltages (OCVs) of the AAO‐supported μ‐SOFCs are in the range of 0.05 V to 0.78 V, which is much lower than the ideal value, depending on the average pore size of the AAO template and the thickness of the YSZ electrolyte. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis reveals the formation of pinholes in the electrolyte layer that originate from the porous nature of the underlying AAO membrane. In order to clog these pinholes, a 20‐nm thick Al₂O₃ layer is deposited by atomic layer deposition (ALD) on top of the 300‐nm thick YSZ layer and another 600‐nm thick YSZ layer is deposited after removing the top intermittent Al₂O₃ layer. Fuel cell devices fabricated in this way manifest OCVs of 1.02 V, and a maximum power density of 350 mW cm^?2 at 500 °C.     

Synergy of Immunostimulatory Genetherapy with Immune Checkpoint Blockade Motivates Immune Response to Eliminate Cancer

Normalizing the tumor-induced immune deficiency in the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) through increasing the efficient infiltration and activation of antitumoral immunity in TME is the core of promising immunotherapy. Herein, a Cyclo(Arg-Gly-Asp-d -Phe-Lys) (RGD) peptides-modified combinatorial immunotherapy system based on the self-assembly of the nanoparticles named RGD-DMA composed of RGD-PEG-PLA, methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(lactide) (MPEG-PLA) and 1,2-Dioleoyl-3-trimethylammonium-propane (DOTAP) is used to codeliver the immunostimulatory chemokine CCL19-encoding plasmid DNA (CCL19 pDNA) and immune checkpoint ligand PD-L1 inhibitor (BMS-1). The RGD-DMA/pCCL19-BMS-1 system not only exhibited significant inhibition of tumor progression but also induced locally high concentrations of immunostimulatory cytokines at tumor sites without causing an obviously systemic inflammatory response. The immunosuppressive TME is efficaciously reshaped by the coadministration of RGD-DMA/pCCL19 and BMS-1, as indicated by the activated T lymphocytes, increased intratumoral-infiltration of mature dendritic cells (DCs), and the repolarization of macrophages from pro-tumoral M2-phenotype toward tumoricidal M1-phenotype. The upregulated PD-L1 expression at tumor sites caused by the increased IFN-γ levels after immunostimulatory gene therapy further demonstrated the synergistic effects of BMS-1 in counteracting the inhibitory role of PD-L1 expression in antitumor immunity. Therefore, the combination of immunostimulating therapy and immune checkpoint inhibitor that synergistically target multiple immune regulatory pathways demonstrates significant potential as a novel immunotherapy approach.     

一种基于移动用户行为的回路融合社区发现算法

针对现有基于派系的重叠社区发现算法难以对移动社会化网络实施的问题,该文给出一种基于移动用户行为的回路融合社区发现算法。该算法首先通过分析移动用户行为构建移动社会化网络,利用k-EC(k-Elementary Circuit)简单回路发现算法寻找移动社会化网络的k阶回路作为社区核,并按照给定的规则对社区核进行融合,得到初步社区;然后通过计算移动用户行为的相关度将余下的离散节点加入到相应的初步社区,得到最终的社区;最后通过公开数据集和仿真数据集验证了该算法在移动社会化网络社区发现方面的可行性和有效性。     

Biodegradable Polyanhydrides as Encapsulation Layers for Transient Electronics

Bioresorbable electronic systems represent an emerging class of technology of interest due to their ability to dissolve, chemically degrade, disintegrate, and/or otherwise physically disappear harmlessly in biological environments, as the basis for temporary implants that avoid the need for secondary surgical extraction procedures. Polyanhydride‐based polymers can serve as hydrophobic encapsulation layers for such systems, as a subset of the broader field of transient electronics, where biodegradation eventually occurs by chain scission. Systematic experimental studies that involve immersion in phosphate‐buffered saline solution at various pH values and/or temperatures demonstrate that dissolution occurs through a surface erosion mechanism, with little swelling. The mechanical properties of this polymer are well suited for use in soft, flexible devices, where integration can occur through a mold‐based photopolymerization technique. Studies of the dependence of the polymer properties on monomer compositions and the rates of permeation on coating thicknesses reveal some of the underlying effects. Simple demonstrations illustrate the ability to sustain operation of underlying biodegradable electronic systems for durations between a few hours to a week during complete immersion in aqueous solutions that approximate physiological conditions. Systematic chemical, physical, and in vivo biological studies in animal models reveal no signs of toxicity or other adverse biological responses.     

熔断电阻器瞬态特性仿真分析

为了简单有效地改进熔断电阻器的性能,采用有限元分析软件ANSYS建立了熔断电阻器的模型,对其在过电流状态下的瞬态温度场变化过程进行了数值模拟,并进行了实验验证。通过对熔断电阻器的热电耦合模拟,得到了不同电流下的熔断时间和温度分布云图。熔断时间的实验结果和模拟结果误差率为5%左右,这为熔断电阻器的设计和生产提供了方法和理论依据。     

Low-jitter design method based on Wn-domain jitter analysis for 10 Gbit/s clock and data recovery ICs

A low-jitter design method based on vn-domain jitter analysis for the clock and data recovery (CDR) ICs using the linear phase-locked loop (PLL) is proposed. Using this method, the loop parameters of the PLL can be optimised, which makes it possible to design the CDR IC for various targets.