CaO耐火材料的抗水化研究进展

分析了CaO耐火材料的水化机理,指出评价CaO耐火材料抗水化性的方法主要有蒸压法、煮沸法、常压长期保存法和实际使用状况评价法,总结了提高CaO材料抗水化性能的方法主要有两种:引入添加剂法和表面处理法。比较了国内外各研究者在CaO耐火材料抗水化方法上的研究进展,展望了解决CaO耐火材料水化问题的方法和前景。     

基于遗传二进制粒子群混合算法的测试点决策研究

测试点选择是测试性分析和设计的前提。通过对测试问题的分析,建立了数学模型和构造了衡量测试集优劣程度的启发式函数,提出了一种遗传-二进制粒子群混合算法求解满足测试性指标要求的最小完备子集。应用实例表明,该算法能够有效的克服单一算法陷入局部最优和早熟收敛等不足,提高了搜索效率,能够有效快速的获得全局最优解。     

环氧化反式-1,4-聚异戊二烯的结构与性能

研究了水相悬浮法合成环氧化反式－1，4－聚异戊二烯（ETPI）的结构与性能。结果表明，反式－1，4－聚异戊二烯TPI粉粒的晶区和无定形区均能发生环氧化反应，但因二者反应性不同，导致环氧基团在同一分子链无定形区链段部分数目较多而在晶区链段部分数目较少，形成类嵌段结构，在微观上整个分子链的环氧化不均匀；随环氧度的增加，ETPI分子链的刚性、极性增加，结晶性变差，生胶在非极性溶剂中的溶解性变差，在甲苯中的特性黏数降低，熔点降低，邵尔A型硬度先降低后升高，密度、凝胶质量分数增加，门尼黏度升高，加工性变差。     

A study on blends of liquid crystalline copolyesters with polycarbonate. I. Compatibility by transesterification

Blends of poly(bisphenol-A carbonate) (PC) and synthesized liquid crystalline poly(oxybenzoate-co-ethylene terephthalate 40/60) (P46) were prepared through meltmixing in a Brabender mixer. The miscibility of the blends at different compositions and blending time was investigated with differential scanning calorimetry. The corresponding morphology of the blends was analyzed with scanning electron microscopy. It was found that for blends containing more than 20% P46 and mixed at 250°C or above the transesterification between PC and P46 took place. This transesterification was confirmed at a blend containing 40% P46 by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The transesterification happened first between PC and the ester in the poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) block and then between PC and the ester in the polyoxybenzoate (POB) block. At 260°C and after 60 min' blending, the blend containing 30% P46 became an almost compatible system for appearing of a single glass transition temperature. This is also verified by the disappearing of P46 droplets in the PC matrix in the micrographs' observation. After 60 min' of blending, the compatibility of the system can be greatly improved even for the blend containing 40% P46 mixed at 260°C by the micrograph's observation. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

高碱值烷基苯磺酸钙的制备研究

以烷基苯磺酸、氢氧化钙、氧化钙和二氧化碳为原料,甲苯为溶剂,甲醇为促进剂,制备高碱值烷基苯磺酸钙,考查了原料配比、反应时间等对产品投入产出比和总碱值的影响,结果表明,合成工艺的最佳条件为:氧化钙和氢氧化钙与烷基苯磺酸的摩尔比为2.5∶1,氧化钙和氢氧化钙的摩尔比为1∶10,促进剂甲醇的用量为2.2 mol,中和反应时间为0.5 h,水加入量为8.4 mol,二氧化碳导入速率为100 mL/m in,二氧化碳导入量为1 mol。产品投入产出比大于70,总碱值接近400。     

Synthesis and self-assembly of comb oligomers having rigid racemic or chiral binaphthyl macrocyclic pendant groups

In this article, we described the synthesis of comb oligomers having rigid racemic or chiral binaphthyl macrocyclic pendant groups via the free radical polymerization. Oligomers obtained were well characterized by MALDI-TOF-MS, ¹H NMR, FT-IR, UV, CD and SEC. These comb oligomers having macrocyclic pendant groups showed very good solubility in common organic solvents at room temperature. Furthermore, the oligomers could self-assemble into different morphologies by dropping their THF solutions of different concentrations on the surface of water. At a relatively low concentration, the oligomers self-aggregated into hollow spheres. When the concentration was increased, the aggregates changed into solid spheres. The morphologies of the hollow or solid spheres were observed by TEM and ESEM.     

Enhancement of radiation‐resistant effect in ethylene–vinyl acetate copolymers by the formation of ethylene–vinyl acetate copolymers/clay nanocomposites

Ethylene–vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymers/clay nanocomposites, prepared by using nonreactive organophilic clay and reactive organophilic clay, were characterized by X‐ray diffraction and by high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy. The influence of gamma irradiation on the structure and properties of the pure EVA and EVA/clay nanocomposites was systematically investigated. In the presence of gamma radiation, the clay can effectively restrain the increase of the storage modulus of EVA/clay nanocomposites, which was supported by dynamical mechanical analysis. Gamma irradiation had almost no effect on the thermal properties of EVA/clay nanocomposites by using nonreactive organophilic clay, but it obviously improved the thermal stability of EVA/clay nanocomposites by using reactive organophilic clay. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 98: 2532–2538, 2005     

次氯酸钠水溶液稳定性的研究及应用

对次氯酸钠(NaClO)水溶液的稳定性进行了试验观察，经过对次氯酸钠水溶液有效氯含量的测定，提出了保持次氯酸钠溶液稳定性的一些应用方法。     

爪型航天器对接机构容差性能分析

在航天器对接结构优化设计问题的研究中,航天器对接机构对在轨服务有重要作用,爪型航天器对接机构是新型对接机构.新型对接机构对对接任务的初始位姿偏差的容差性能需要进行研究,对接机构的性能将直接决定对接任务的成败.针对爪型对接机构的容差性能这一问题,利用三维造型软件Pro/E和机械系统动力学仿真分析软件Adams建立了爪型航天器对接机构虚拟样机模型,通过改变单参数变量方法进行对接过程仿真,对仿真结果进行对比分析,可为爪型对接机构的设计、对接初始条件确定和控制策略的制定提供参考.     

硝酸硫胺活度积常数的测定

采用激光测量了不同溶液条件下硝酸硫胺的溶解度，进一步确定了硝酸硫胺的活度积常数。硫酸硫胺的活度积常数对于控制硝酸硫胺生产过程、研究结晶过程动力学、提高产品收率具有重要的理论指导意义。