Relations Between the Plasma Diamagnetic Effect and Plasma Basic Parameters in IR-T1 Tokamak

Precise determination of the poloidal Beta, internal inductance, plasma energy, plasma pressure, plasma temperature, plasma resistance, plasma effective atomic number, and plasma energy confinement time are essential for tokamak experiments. In this paper an experimental method especially based on the plasma diamagnetic effect for measurements of these parameters in IR-T1 tokamak are presented. For these purposes a diamagnetic loop with its compensation coil, and also an array of magnetic probes designed, constructed, and installed on outer surface of the IR-T1. Also in this work we measured the Shafranov parameter, plasma current, plasma voltage, and the plasma density by the magnetic probes, Rogowski coil, poloidal flux loop, and the Langmuir probe measurements, respectively.     

Plasma Magnetic Fluctuations Measurement on the Outer Surface of IR-T1 Tokamak

In this paper we present an experimental investigation of effects of external rotating helical field (RHF) on magnetic field fluctuations around the IR-T1 tokamak chamber. For this purpose, two magnetic pickup coils were designed, constructed, and installed on the outer surface of the IR-T1 tokamak chamber, and then from their output signals after compensation and integration, poloidal and normal components of the magnetic fields measured. Experimental results show that presence of RHF with L = 3 mode can improve the plasma confinement by flatting the plasma current and reducing the amplitude of magnetic field fluctuations.     

Experimental Study of Effects of the Internal Inductance on the Energy Confinement Time in IR-T1 Tokamak

In this paper we present an experimental study of effects of the internal inductance on the energy confinement time, in IR-T1 tokamak. For this purpose, four magnetic pickup coils were designed, constructed, and installed on the outer surface of the IR-T1, and Then Shafranov parameter (asymmetry factor) is obtained from them. On the other hand, also diamagnetic loop were constructed and installed on IR-T1, and poloidal Beta is determined from it. Therefore, the internal inductance obtained. Also, energy confinement time is obtained using diamagnetic loop. Experimental Results show that maximum energy confinement time (which correspond to minimum collisions, minimum microinstabilities, and minimum transport) in IR-T1, relate to the low values of internal inductance (\( 0.61 \, < \, li \, < \, 0.72 \)). This is agreement with theoretical approach.     

Morphology, structural and optical characterization of electron beam evaporated bromoaluminium phthalocyanine (BrAlPc) thin films

Bromoaluminium phthalocyanine (BrAlPc) thin films have been deposited onto pre-cleaned glass substrates by electron beam evaporation technique. Thin films have been characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and optical absorption (UV–Vis) spectra. XRD studies of BrAlPc thin film deposited at room temperature shows the indication of the α-phase. FESEM images have shown that the most of particles are spherical in shape with an average size about 26–34 nm. Using UV–Visible spectra over the wavelength range 300–800 nm, the optical band gap, absorption coefficient and extinction coefficient of BrAlPc thin films are evaluated. The optical absorption measurements of thin films show that the absorption mechanism is due to direct transition.     

Two new methods for ranking of Z‐numbers based on sigmoid function and sign method

This paper introduces two processes of ranking methods on Z‐numbers that are effectively able to deal with uncertain decision‐making data. Decision making is based on recommended Z‐ numbers. For this purpose first, the Z‐number is transformed to a fuzzy number and then the ranking method by using the sigmoid function and the sign method is used to mention fuzzy numbers. For the next step, the method is extended to related Z‐numbers. Finally, we use it to prioritize the items and solve some examples.     

A computational intelligence‐based approach for short‐term traffic flow prediction

This paper proposes alternative approaches for the prediction of short‐term traffic flow using three branches of computational intelligence techniques, namely linear genetic programming (LGP), multilayer perceptron (MLP) and fuzzy logic (FL). Different LGP, MLP and FL models are developed for estimating the 5‐ and 30‐min traffic flow rates. New LGP‐ and MLP‐based prediction equations are derived for the traffic flow rates in the 5‐ and 30‐min time intervals. The models are established upon extensive databases of the traffic flow records obtained from Iran's Rasht‐Qazvin highway. The results indicate that the proposed models are effectively capable of predicting the target values. The LGP‐based models are found to be simple, straightforward and more practical for predictive purposes compared with the other derived models.     

Astute,fine and fast method of iris segmentation in unlimited circumstances

Neural Computing and Applications - Currently, Iris detection is considered as a significant module for robust biometric systems and high-speed applications such as eye tracking. Most iris...