Multiple-loss-enhanced NiOx@carbon spheres/reduced graphene oxide-based composite for tuneable elimination of electromagnetic signals

In this work, a novel graphene-based ternary composite NiO_x@CS/reduced graphene oxide (rGO) consisting of magnetic nanoparticles (NiO_x) and porous carbon spheres (CS) were successfully synthesised through facile hydrothermal and high-temperature sintering approaches. Owing to the ternary structure, the dielectric and magnetic capacity of the composite was improved. Further, the synergistic effect of two loss mechanisms improves the absorption efficiency of electromagnetic waves. The maximum reflection loss of NiO_x@CS/rGO-20 wt% was ?69.3 dB at 7.2 GHz and the absorption bandwidth with reflection loss below ?10 dB was 4.04 GHz (6.36–10.4 GHz). Hence, the NiO_x@CS/rGO ternary composite with a combination of dielectric and magnetic loss-facilitated absorption provides a new design paradigm for tuneable elimination of electromagnetic signals.     

新锐地产空间形态比较分析

分别介绍了新锐地产兴起的原因及其概念内涵,外延等内容,并通过对不同地域环境中新锐地产空间形态特征与文化语义研究分析,总结出了新锐地产的空间美学意义与社会价值,对传统建筑保护更新工作具有指导意义。     

Multi-task least-squares support vector machines

There are often the underlying cross relatedness amongst multiple tasks, which is discarded directly by traditional single-task learning methods. Since multi-task learning can exploit these relatedness to further improve the performance, it has attracted extensive attention in many domains including multimedia. It has been shown through a meticulous empirical study that the generalization performance of Least-Squares Support Vector Machine (LS-SVM) is comparable to that of SVM. In order to generalize LS-SVM from single-task to multi-task learning, inspired by the regularized multi-task learning (RMTL), this study proposes a novel multi-task learning approach, multi-task LS-SVM (MTLS-SVM). Similar to LS-SVM, one only solves a convex linear system in the training phrase, too. What’s more, we unify the classification and regression problems in an efficient training algorithm, which effectively employs the Krylow methods. Finally, experimental results on school and dermatology validate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.     

Tribological Properties of Functionalized Ionic Liquids Containing Ester-group as Lubricants for Steel-Steel System

A series of functionalized ionic liquids (ILs) containing ester-group were synthesized and their tribological properties as lubricants for steel-steel contact were studied and compared with a non-functionalized ionic liquid and perfluoropolyethers (PFPE). The morphology and chemical composition of the worn scars were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, respectively, and the possible lubrication mechanism of ILs was discussed. As a result, all ILs demonstrated a better lubricity and a much higher load-carrying capacity than PFPE used as lubricants for the steel-steel tribomates system. The functionalized ILs with ester-group showed slightly worse friction reducing ability than their nonfunctionalized counterparts at relatively lower loads owing to their higher viscosity, but then exhibited better antiwear ability because the ester group they contained had not only physical but also strong chemical reactions with the freshly exposed steel surface and formed chemical adsorption boundary films on the worn surface during friction process. Under high loads, some tribochemical reactions took place between the active elements, such as fluorine which were released from the ILs, and fresh metal surfaces of rubbing pairs to form the admixture reaction films, which were mainly composed of ferric fluoride mixed with ferric oxide, leading to lower friction coefficients and good wear resistance.     

Thermal Expansion,Elastic and Magnetic Properties of FeCoNiCu-Based High-Entropy Alloys Using First-Principle Theory

The effects of V, Cr, and Mn on the magnetic, elastic, and thermal properties of FeCoNiCu high-entropy alloy are studied by using the exact muffin-tin orbitals method in combination with the coherent potential approximation. The calculated lattice parameters and Curie temperatures in the face-centered-cubic structure are in line with the available experimental and theoretical data. A significant change in the magnetic behavior is revealed when adding equimolar V, Cr, and Mn to the host composition. The three independent single-crystal elastic constants are computed using a finite strain technique, and the polycrystalline elasticity parameters including shear modulus, Young’s modulus, Pugh ratio, Poisson’s ratio, and elastic anisotropy are derived and discussed. The effects of temperature on the structural parameters are determined by making use of the Debye–Grüneisen model. It is found that FeCoNiCuCr possesses a slightly larger thermal expansion coefficient than do the other alloys considered here.     

织构型水润滑推力轴承软弹流润滑分析及多目标协同优化

目的 提高以水作为润滑介质的织构型非金属推力轴承的润滑性能,为水润滑推力轴承的优化设计提供参考.方法 基于计算流体力学方法建立织构型水润滑推力轴承的流体动压润滑模型,采用双向流固耦合方法计算润滑流场与材料变形之间的相互作用.随后,以承载力最高和摩擦力最低为目标,采用响应曲面与非支配排序遗传算法相结合的多目标协同优化方法,对4种非金属材料的织构型推力轴承进行优化.结果 随着轴承材料弹性模量的降低,轴承内最高压力值逐渐降低,最大变形逐渐增加,且最优织构覆盖率值逐渐减小.当织构覆盖率为20％时,轴承材料对最优织构深度值无明显影响;当织构覆盖率增至40％及以上时,随着轴承材料弹性模量的降低,最优织构深度值逐渐增加.在同一轴承材料下,最优织构参数之间相互影响,随着织构覆盖率的增加,最优织构深度值逐渐增大.对于碳化硅陶瓷和尼龙等弹性模量较大的轴承材料,优化后,轴承内流体最高压力明显提升;对于超高分子量聚乙烯和赛龙等弹性模量较小的轴承材料,优化后,高压区面积明显增大.结论 轴承材料对轴承润滑性能及最优织构参数均有明显影响,且最优织构参数间相互影响.经过对织构型水润滑推力轴承的多目标协同优化,轴承润滑性能明显改善.     

因瓦合金纳米抛光材料去除机理的分子动力学模拟∗

因瓦合金作为一种独特的低膨胀材料已广泛用于航空航天等高科技领域,但目前还鲜有对其超精密加工理论和技术的研究,而纳米抛光是因瓦合金超精密加工的一种重要手段。 针对纳米抛光过程中因瓦合金的材料去除机理,基于分子动力学模拟研究抛光速度对材料去除效率、亚表面损伤和抛光表面平整度的影响。 通过对磨屑、能量、抛光力、位错运动等方面的分析揭示因瓦合金的变形损伤机制。 研究结果表明:材料去除效率随着抛光速度将达到一个临界值,当抛光速度低于 100 m/ s 时,磨削热促使位错形核,亚表面损伤厚度增加;当抛光速度高于 100 m/ s 时,应变速率急剧增大导致位错运动受限,使得亚表面损伤厚度得以降低。 为实现因瓦合金高效率和低损伤加工机制提供理论依据和技术支持。     

Fe颗粒含量对Sn35Bi/Cu钎焊接头组织性能影响

采用扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)以及万能力学试验机等研究了Fe颗粒含量对Sn35Bi-xFe/Cu钎焊接头组织和性能的影响,并研究了Fe颗粒含量对Sn35Bi-Fe合金钎料的铺展面积和润湿性的影响.结果表明:向Sn35Bi合金钎料中加入少量Fe颗粒,会在Fe颗粒周围生成很薄的FeSn2化合物,降低固相/液相的界面能,提高相的形核率,细化接头的组织;当Fe颗粒含量为1 mass％时,接头组织的细化程度最佳;向Sn35Bi合金钎料中加入Fe颗粒,可以有效提高合金钎料的润湿性和力学性能,当Fe含量为1 mass％时,Sn35Bi-1Fe合金钎料的铺展面积最大,润湿角最小,润湿性能最佳,Sn35Bi-1Fe/Cu接头的剪切强度达到最大,为50.23 MPa,与Sn35Bi/Cu接头相比,提高了37.7％.     

快速成型制备Al-Si/粉煤灰基高温相变蓄热球的尺寸效应

以Al-Si共晶合金粉为相变介质、粉煤灰为基体材料,采用干法快速成型及混合烧结法制备了不同直径的(10、15和20 mm)陶瓷基高温相变蓄热球.结果 表明:不同直径蓄热球的成型压力及性能存在显著差异.素坯成型时,压力分解为使其致密的向心力以及耗散掉的切向力,直径大则向心力大,但压力传递深度有限,素坯尺寸越大越难完全致密,易产生硬化层,导致蓄热球中合金粉颗粒破裂加剧、相变潜热降低.不同直径蓄热球的成型压力范围分别为:φ10 mm,1～6 MPa;φ15 mm,2～6 MPa;φ20 mm,4～10 MPa.φ10 mm蓄热球在压力为1MPa时相变潜热较高(92.47 J·g-1),但密度较低(1.57 g·cm-3).φ15 mm蓄热球在2～4 MPa时综合性能良好,相变潜热为105.54～90.68 J·g-1、密度为1.64～ 1.89 g·cm-3.φ20 mm蓄热球均存在硬化层,相变潜热偏低,小于40 J·g-1.