吸湿介质对碳纤维增强铸型尼龙复合材料的吸湿行为及力学性能的影响

本文对碳纤维增强铸型尼龙(CF／MC 尼龙)复合材料在不同吸湿介质中的吸湿行为进行了研究。结果表明，对于纤维体积分数为10％的碳纤维增强铸型尼龙复合材料(10％CF／MC尼龙复合材料)，随着吸湿介质的PH值减小，它的吸湿率增大。同时，经过吸湿后，10％CF／MC尼龙复合材料的弯曲强度有明显的下降。随着吸湿介质的PH值减小，试样的弯曲强度下降。使用环境扫描电子显微镜观察在10％HCl溶液中吸湿的试样的剪切断口形貌，得到的结果与吸湿实验的结果一致。     

一体化锅炉水处理剂的制备及性能研究

利用自制SW-56共聚物，复配有机磷酸盐和焦亚硫酸钠除氧剂及消泡剂，成功制备XF-4一体化锅炉水处理剂。对XF-4锅炉水处理剂的阻垢、缓蚀进行了试验研究，表明其具有优良的阻垢能力，可以明显抑制热水锅炉积垢现象；加入改性除氧剂能降低锅炉水中溶解氧的含量，使腐蚀控制较理想；配方中的消泡剂组分可防止锅炉水表面起泡，抑制高悬浮物下的携带作用。     

Photochemical degradation of glassy polyesters of low softening point

The photodegradation of polyesters prepared by the reaction of o-phthalic, adipic, and “dimer” acids with ethylene glycol has been studied. The polyesters softened at temperatures in the range of 25–50°C. Polymer films were irradiated in air by means of a medium pressure mercury lamp and the extent of formation of COOH groups determined by infrared spectroscopy. The films were also irradiated in vacuo and in air by means of a high-pressure mercury lamp, and the volatile products, consisting mainly of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide, were determined by gas chromatography. The results are interpreted in terms of simultaneous Norrish type I and type II decompositions of the polyesters. The type I process accounts for the formation of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide in the absence of air. The enhanced yield of carbon dioxide in irradiations performed in air is ascribed to the formation of hydroperoxide which undergoes further photolysis. The type II process accounts for the formation of COOH groups. The photodegradation of these glassy polyesters parallels that of crystalline poly(ethylene terephthalate) and is relatively unaffected by changes in composition of the aromatic polyester.     

Graft Copolymerization of Acrylamide onto Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch (OPEFB) Fiber

Grafting of acrylamide (AAm) onto oil palm empty fruits bunch fiber using hydrogen peroxide as initiator and methyl acrylate as comonomer was investigated. The amount of comonomer needed to make grafting of acrylamide possible was determined. The percentage of poly(acrylamide) and the comonomer in the final graft copolymer was estimated by elemental analysis. Results obtained indicated that methyl acrylate facilitated the incorporation of acrylamide monomer onto OPEFB. The reactivity ratios for both monomers were determined by using Fineman–Ross plot. The effects of reaction temperature and period as well as amount of the initiator, solvent, monomer and comonomer on the percentage of grafting at fixed amount of comonomer (11 mmol) were studied. Maximum percentage of grafting was achieved when the amount of initiator and solvent 3.98×10⁻³ mol and 50 mL respectively. The optimum reaction temperature was 50 ^○C and the reaction period was 90 min. Highest percentage of grafting was 232% when 25.6 mmol of acrylamide was used under these optimum conditions. The presence of functional group in the grafted polymer is characterized by infrared spectroscopy and the surface morphology is observed by scanning electron microscopy. Thermoanalytic investigation on OPEFB and OPEFB-g-PAAM were carried out to evaluate the thermal stability and respective activation energy of the materials.     

国内外加氢石油树脂的技术进展

介绍了国内外石油树脂的生产和技术发展状况，并对加氢催化剂的最新进展了作了较详细的论述，提出了发展我国加氢石油树脂的建议。     

抚顺乙烯脱甲烷塔改造

通过乙烯装置脱甲烷塔系统改造后的运行状况的分析，对脱甲烷塔改造后的运行状态进行了总结，并为更进一步的优化工艺条件提出措施。     

基体树脂对长玻璃纤维增强PP力学性能的影响

采用在线混合设备制备了长玻璃纤维(LGF)增强聚丙烯(PP)复合材料(LGF-PP),研究了基体性质及界面相容剂对LGF-PP力学性能的影响。基体树脂熔体流动速率的增加,使最终LGF-PP中的玻璃纤维长度从5.63 mm增至8.56 mm,提高了力学性能。与均聚PP比较,以共聚PP为基体树脂的LGF-PP冲击强度高出约10%,但其他性能略差。界面相容剂有利于增强玻璃纤维与PP的界面结合,拉伸强度和拉伸模量明显增加,但是冲击强度降低了20%～30%。     

纳米陶瓷的烧结研究

纳米陶瓷的制备过程中，烧结是关键一环。总结了现有的烧结理论，介绍了国内外流行的纳米烧结技术，并提出了今后的研究方向。     

尿素改性热塑性酚醛树脂的合成及应用

先用尿素、甲醛合成二羟甲脲，然后在酸性介质下把二羟甲脲滴加在苯酚中反应合成尿素改性的热塑性酚醛树脂。研究了反应浑浊点和二羟甲脲的滴加速度，同时研究了二羟甲脲与苯酚的尿酚比与物料的出料温度、产品产率及树脂理化性能指标的关系。结果表明：（1）二羟甲脲滴加速度的合适范围是0．012－0．029mol/mol.min；（2）本树脂的出料温度为125℃以下；（3）产品收率，游离酚，软化点随尿比的增长而递增，凝胶速度变化不大。另介绍了这种树脂在酚醛模塑料中的应用。     

Impacts of new technologies on media usage and social behaviour in domestic environments

Technological infrastructure at home is changing continuously and is becoming increasingly interconnected. Media devices, including the TV set, provide access to the Internet and offer manifold opportunities to consume media on demand. Additionally, personal devices, such as smartphones, also enable flexible consumption and sharing of media. Questions about how these technologies change the user's media usage and how these changes affect the social structure of a household, however, remain largely unanswered. In order to gain insight into the adoption of new technologies into daily routines, we explored these changes in respect of people's media usage in a qualitative long-term Living Lab study. We will present findings regarding personal routines, flexible integration of new devices into existing practices, influences on households as social systems and related issues in device access and collective use. We will highlight potentials and conflicts regarding device shifts and roles; restrictions in device access; social influences in the living room; and individual changes in media consumption.