PEG/活性炭相变材料改性沥青

利用PEG/活性炭复合固-固相变材料对沥青进行改性,制备出相变材料改性沥青。对不同配比的相变材料改性沥青进行老化、高低温交变等处理,观察其外观,并利用电子拉力试验机和热机械分析仪(TMA)测试改性沥青的延展性、软化点等性能。研究表明,当PEG/活性炭相变材料含量为20%时相变材料改性沥青的延展性最好,相变材料含量为15%~25%时,改性沥青的软化点明显提高。     

大型地下石洞油气库人工水幕技术

人工水幕技术,是建造储存石油和天然气的不衬砌石洞地下库的关键。一座总库容为300万m3、9条20 m×30 m×(484~717)m的中国首座大型地下水封洞库建成,标志我国"国家战略石油地下储备库"的梦想成真。给出了人工水幕技术原理、具体实施关键技术以及水封效果。理论分析与初步实践结果表明,在年均降水量736mm的花岗片麻岩内建造储存原油洞库,是切实可行的。首座大型地下水封石洞储库的施工建设技术,对我国后续的国家战略油气地下储库规划实施,起到了示范启迪与借鉴作用。     

浅水湖泊水生植被恢复判别模型研究与应用

基于水生植物生长影响因子特征,综合考虑光照、营养盐、悬浮物、水动力、温度及底质等因素,初步提出了野外条件下水生植物恢复判别函数;通过对野外环境主要生境因子的耦合数值仿真,首次建立了基于投影寻踪原理的水生植物恢复判别模型;以苦草做为恢复目标种,选择长江中下游地区典型浅水湖泊——高淳固城湖为例,对模型进行了应用,结果表明:固城湖现状生境条件下,可能恢复苦草的水域面积约3.25 km2,占湖泊总面积的10.5%,其中北部湖区与湖心区恢复面积较大,南部湖区也有局部水域适合苦草恢复重建,但面积较小,约0.65 km2.     

The structure and properties of Ag(Nb0.8Ta0.2)O3 ceramic doped with MnNb2O6

The influences of doping of MnNb2O6 on the structure and dielectric properties of Ag(Nb0.8Ta0.2)O3 were illustrated. Ag(Nb0.8Ta0.2)O3 samples doped with different amount of preformed MnNb2O6 (1 mol%, 2 mol%, 3 mol%, 4 mol%, 6 mol%, 8 mol%) were prepared by traditional solid-state reaction method and characterized by XRD, SEM and EDS, and the dielectric properties of samples were compared. The experiment results indicated that when the doping amount of MnNb2O6 was greater than 3 mol%, second phase appeared because of the solid solution limit. The permittivity of the Ag(Nb0.8Ta0.2)O3 samples doped with MnNb2O6 firstly increased and then decreased with the sintering temperature, while the dielectric loss decreased first, and then increased slightly. 1 100 ℃ seems to be the most proper sintering temperature for most of the samples. When the amount of MnNb2O6 is about 3 mol%, the samples have the best dielectric properties, larger permittivity and smaller dielectric loss.     

Effect of mixed solvent on fabrication,morphology and monodispersity of microspheres with hydrophobic poly(butyl methacrylate) shells

Monodisperse microspheres (mean diameter 200–300 nm) with polystyrene cores and poly(acrylamide-co-butyl methacrylate) shells were prepared by using a free radical polymerization method. Moreover, the effect of mixed solvent on the preparation, morphology and monodispersity was investigated. The experimental results showed that solubility parameter of butyl methacrylate and solvent affected mainly the molding of monodisperse core-shell microspheres. When the microspheres were fabricated in a sequential synthesis process, addition of hydrophilic and organic solvent including butyl methacrylate led to spherical degree of the particles becoming worse, and the mean diameter of the microspheres decreased and the monodispersity became better with increasing the crosslinker methylenebisacrylamide dosage.     

Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-based vertically sandwichtyped hydrogel with fast temperature-response speed and its controlled-release characteristics

A novel poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-based sandwich-typed hydrogel,which was featured with both ends of linear poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)(PNIPAM)chains being grafted onto cross-linked PNIPAM chains,was successfully prepared in a three-step process by a method of sequential synthesis.The proposed hydrogel displays faster and hydration/dehydration dynamic response to temperature cycling owing to linear PNIPAM chains to form big-pore structure.This work may lead to high attraction for targeting drug delivery systems,polymeric pump,sensors and so on.     

基于时域Neal-Smith准则的人机控制系统设计多目标优化研究

为了获得驾驶员和飞机良好的匹配特性,使用基于人机闭环参考模型的方法将飞行品质的要求引入优化算法,进行飞行控制系统设计。首先使用CAP准则建立飞机等效系统模型。然后,基于时域Neal-Smith准则,通过多目标优化算法一次性得到在不同任务条件下的最优驾驶员模型。根据需要选择相应的驾驶员模型,并与飞机等效系统模型组成人机闭环参考模型,进行飞行控制设计多目标优化。仿真结果显示,文中的算法不仅可以整定控制器参数,根据任务需求选取最优驾驶员模型,还可以利用优化结果进行PIO易感性的分析。     

利用油水渗流特征评价水驱特征曲线

建立4种常用水驱特征曲线所对应的含水率与含水饱和度的关系曲线方程,通过实例评价水驱特征曲线的适用性.     

海藻酸钠/羟基磷灰石复合纤维的制备工艺

利用海藻酸钠和羟基磷灰石复合制备复合纤维,并采用正交试验和单因素分析方法研究海藻酸钠质量分数、第一凝固浴质量分数、第一凝固浴温度、纺丝头牵伸比和第二凝固浴组分等制备工艺对纤维断裂强度和镉离子吸附量的影响。综合考虑断裂强度和吸附性能的指标,确定了适宜的制备工艺:海藻酸钠质量分数为3%,第一凝固浴CaCl2质量分数为5%,第一凝固浴温度为15℃,纺丝头牵伸比为负牵伸,第二凝固浴组分为水溶液。     

Acoustic emission generated during the gas sorption–desorption process in coal

An experimental system for monitoring the acoustic signals generated in coal during gas sorption and/or desorption was designed and the acoustic signals were observed under different gas pressures. The experimental results show that signals generated by the coal during gas adsorption are attenuated over time. Also, the signals are not continuous but are impulsive. The intensity of the signals generated during gas desorption is far smaller than that observed during adsorption. The signal seen during desorption remains essentially stable. Cycles of sorption and desorption cause acoustic emission signals that exhibit a memory effect, which depends upon the maximum gas pressure the sample was exposed to in earlier cycles. Lower pressures in subsequent cycles, compared to the maximum adsorption pressure in previous cycles, cause both the energy and impulse frequency to be lower than previously. On the contrary, a gas adsorption pressure that exceeds the maximum pressure seen by the sample during earlier cycles causes both the energy and impulse frequency to be high.