复合混凝剂PAFS处理油田三次采油废水

以电厂粉煤灰为主要原料研制了一种新型复合混凝剂PAFS，实验了它对油田三次采油废水的混凝处理性能，并对其混凝机理进行了探讨。实验结果表明：PAFS在较宽的pH范围内对油田三次采油废水具有良好的混凝处理效果，且破乳性能好．其混凝处理效果明显优于PAC和PFS。     

防止氟化铝母液脱硅工艺中铝、氟消耗方法研究

在氟化铝母液中添加氯化铝等可溶性铝盐,可有效地阻止钠,氟,铝间冰晶石固体物质的形成,从而达到防止氟化铝脱硅工艺中铝,氟的损耗,确保氟硅酸钠的产品质量,同时提高母液利用的经济效益。     

酚醛泡沫夹芯板甲醛释放与检测初步探讨

对酚醛泡沫夹芯板中甲醛的来源、释放的影响因素以及控制方法进行了初步探讨。介绍了国内外关于人造板甲醛释放量的相关规定。根据材料的特点及甲醛释放情况,采用40L干燥器法进行了甲醛检测,并进行了讨论。结果表明:与仲裁检测法———1m3气候箱法相比较,该检测方法的结果偏差很小,当取置信水平为0.95时,检测结果的变异系数均小于10%,重现性好。     

无三苯CR/SBS/MMA/BA自交联鞋用胶粘剂的研制

采用复合引发剂 ,以N 羟甲基丙烯酰胺 (NAM )及丙烯酸 (AA)为功能单体 ,与CR、苯乙烯 丁二烯嵌段共聚物 (SBS)、甲基丙烯酸甲酯 (MMA)和丙烯酸丁酯 (BA)进行多元共混接枝共聚 ,再配以混合型增粘树脂 ,研制出不含苯、甲苯和二甲苯 (简称三苯 )自交联环保型鞋用胶粘剂。探讨了SBS用量、MMA/BA配比、功能单体NAM及AA用量对胶粘剂粘合性能的影响。结果表明 ,CR/SBS/MMA/BA/AA/NAM自交联型接枝胶粘剂对非极性鞋材的粘合性能明显优于CR/MMA/BA三元接枝胶和CR/SBS/MMA/BA四元接枝胶。     

纤维素酶的固体发酵

从来自国内外11株菌株的初步比较,筛选出酶活较高的康氏木霉N_2—78和瑞热埃木霉QM6a。对康氏木霉P_2和土曲霉3.3935所作的纤维素碳源试验中,发现木质纤维素较纯纤维素好,未经处理的木质纤维素比经处理的好。麸皮和稀土对康氏木霉P_2产酶作用影响较大,而对土曲霉3.3935则无明显的影响。     

Rheology of poly(propylene)/clay nanocomposites

The linear and nonlinear shear rheological behaviors of poly(propylene) (PP)/clay (organophilic‐montmorillonite) nanocomposites (PP/org‐MMT) were investigated by an ARES rheometer. The materials were prepared by melt intercalation with maleic anhydride functionalized PP as a compatibilizer. The storage moduli (G′), loss moduli (G″), and dynamic viscosities of polymer/clay nanocomposites (PPCNs) increase monotonically with org‐MMT content. The presence of org‐MMT leads to pseudo‐solid‐like behaviors and slower relaxation behaviors of PPCN melts. For all samples, the dependence of G′ and G″ on ω shows nonterminal behaviors. At lower frequency, the steady shear viscosities of PPCNs increase with org‐MMT content. However, the PPCN melts show a greater shear thinning tendency than pure PP melt because of the preferential orientation of the MMT layers. Therefore, PPCNs have higher moduli but better processibility compared with pure PP.© 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 91: 2427–2434,2004     

TiCl4水解法制备纳米TiO2粉体

以TiCl4为原料,采用低温液相水解法制备了纳米TiO2粉体,着重研究了Ti4 的浓度和添加聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(Polyvinylpyrrolidone,PVP)对产物的晶相、颗粒大小和表面形貌的影响.使用XRD,TEM,SEM,激光粒度测试仪对样品进行了表征.结果表明,Ti4 浓度影响TiO2粉体的相转变温度,随着Ti4 浓度的升高金红石相的含量逐渐升高,但粉体分散性变差;添加PVP提高了所得TiO2粉体的分散性,粒径降低为40～50 nm左右,并改善了粉体的形貌.     

内构件存在时提升管内流动及颗粒混合行为研究

he hydrodynamics and solids mixing behavior in a riser with blunt internals are studied. A uniform radial distribution for solids fraction and particle velocity achieves near the internals. The turbulent velocity of particles near the wall increases with the addition of the internals, with the lateral solids mixing enhanced significantly. Probability density distribution of particle velocity is bimodal in the riser with internals, which is similar to that in the conventional riser, indicating that no significant difference in the micro flow structure exists between the riser with internals and the conventional riser. At the same time, the axial solids mixing behavior changes insignificantly with the addition of internals. These results indicate that the micro flow structure in the riser is very stable, which changes insignificantly with the change of the bed structure.     

纳米稀土复合固体超强酸催化合成乙酸苄酯

采用共沉淀法制备了纳米稀土复合固体超强酸SO4^2-／ZrO2-2％Nd2O3催化剂，电镜分析表明，催化剂颗粒直径在25nm左右，比表面积测定：71．03m^2／g。酸强度-12．70〈Ho〈-11．99。并对合成乙酸苄酯的最佳反应条件进行了研究。研究表明：当苯甲醇与乙酸的物质的量比为1：2，反应时间为5h，反应温度为120℃，催化剂用量为6％苯甲醇的质量时，酯化率可达92．04％。研究发现，该催化剂可重复使用并可活化再生。     

新型非侵入式超声物位检测方法研究

在石化行业,存在大量装载颗粒物料的反应器和容器,其料位的实时准确检测对于生产过程的控制和优化具有非常重要的作用.本文利用超声辐射阻尼原理,揭示了料仓中物料料位的高低与固体介质表面传播的超声振动吸收的定量关系,建立了颗粒状物料料位高度的关联公式.该公式可以定量地描述物料位高度与超声振动能量的衰减、颗粒物理性质和振动传递介质的关系,具有较高的精度.同时,通过成纵向排列的一系列接收探头所接收到的脉冲超声波能量的峰能量比,可以确定出储罐内液位的高度,其检测精度与接收探头的数量成正比.研究结果表明,无论是颗粒料位还是液体料位,都能利用基于超声辐射阻尼原理研制的浙江大学联合化学反应工程研究所UGAS-05声检测系统实现料位的实时在线检测.