全文获取类型
收费全文 | 186870篇 |
免费 | 15300篇 |
国内免费 | 8205篇 |
专业分类
电工技术 | 11144篇 |
技术理论 | 7篇 |
综合类 | 11879篇 |
化学工业 | 29993篇 |
金属工艺 | 10856篇 |
机械仪表 | 11961篇 |
建筑科学 | 14578篇 |
矿业工程 | 5173篇 |
能源动力 | 5455篇 |
轻工业 | 13106篇 |
水利工程 | 3424篇 |
石油天然气 | 10992篇 |
武器工业 | 1466篇 |
无线电 | 22323篇 |
一般工业技术 | 22625篇 |
冶金工业 | 9406篇 |
原子能技术 | 1996篇 |
自动化技术 | 23991篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 793篇 |
2023年 | 3030篇 |
2022年 | 5517篇 |
2021年 | 7620篇 |
2020年 | 5672篇 |
2019年 | 4652篇 |
2018年 | 5114篇 |
2017年 | 5921篇 |
2016年 | 5359篇 |
2015年 | 7341篇 |
2014年 | 9152篇 |
2013年 | 11297篇 |
2012年 | 12121篇 |
2011年 | 13251篇 |
2010年 | 11434篇 |
2009年 | 11004篇 |
2008年 | 10807篇 |
2007年 | 10301篇 |
2006年 | 10393篇 |
2005年 | 8773篇 |
2004年 | 5762篇 |
2003年 | 5143篇 |
2002年 | 4968篇 |
2001年 | 4383篇 |
2000年 | 4183篇 |
1999年 | 4509篇 |
1998年 | 3871篇 |
1997年 | 3264篇 |
1996年 | 3077篇 |
1995年 | 2564篇 |
1994年 | 2054篇 |
1993年 | 1480篇 |
1992年 | 1240篇 |
1991年 | 892篇 |
1990年 | 728篇 |
1989年 | 594篇 |
1988年 | 471篇 |
1987年 | 330篇 |
1986年 | 272篇 |
1985年 | 208篇 |
1984年 | 151篇 |
1983年 | 117篇 |
1982年 | 108篇 |
1981年 | 86篇 |
1980年 | 76篇 |
1979年 | 51篇 |
1978年 | 33篇 |
1977年 | 32篇 |
1976年 | 54篇 |
1973年 | 21篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
71.
Yong Xia Rongming Lin 《International journal for numerical methods in engineering》2004,59(1):153-172
Order reduction is a computationally efficient method to estimate some lowest eigenvalues and the corresponding eigenvectors of large structural systems by reducing the order of the original model to a smaller one. But its accuracy is limited to a small range of frequencies that depends on the selection of the retained degrees of freedom. This paper proposes a new iterative order reduction (IOR) technique to obtain accurately the eigensolutions of large structural systems. The technique retains all the inertia terms associated with the removed degrees of freedom. This hence leads to the reduced mass matrix being in an iterated form and the reduced stiffness matrix constant. From these mass and stiffness matrices, the eigensolutions of the reduced system can be obtained iteratively. On convergence the reduced system reproduces the eigensolutions of the original structure. A proof of the convergence property is also presented. Applications of the method to a practical GARTEUR structure as well as a plate have demonstrated that the proposed method is comparable to the commonly used Subspace Iteration method in terms of numerical accuracy. Moreover, it has been found that the proposed method is computationally more efficient than the Subspace Iteration method. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
72.
Sosnowchik B.D. Azevedo R.G. Cao A. Lin L. Pisano A.P. 《Advanced Packaging, IEEE Transactions on》2005,28(4):626-634
This paper presents the rapid, low-temperature bonding between silicon and steel using the rapid thermal annealing process. Three different thin-film adhesion layer systems including silver, gold, and nickel were utilized as the intermediate bonding material to assist the eutectic Pb/Sn bonding between silicon and steel. The bonding temperature was set at 220/spl deg/C for 20 s, with a 20-s ramp-up time. Five experiments were conducted to determine the strength of the bond, including static tensile and compressive four-point bend tests, axial extension tests, tensile bending fatigue tests, and corrosion resistance tests. The test results have shown that the gold adhesion layer is the most robust, demonstrating minimal creep during fatigue tests, no delamination during the tensile or compressive four-point bend tests, and acceptable strength during the axial extension tests. Additionally, all adhesion layers have withstood four months of submersion in various high-temperature solutions and lubricants without failure. Simulations of the axial stresses and strains that developed during the four-point bend and axial extension tests were performed and showed that the presence of the silicon die provides a local reinforcement of the bond as observed in the experimental tests. 相似文献
73.
Enhanced light output in nitride-based light-emitting diodes by roughening the mesa sidewall 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Chia-Feng Lin Zhong-Jie Yang Jing-Hui Zheng Jing-Jie Dai 《Photonics Technology Letters, IEEE》2005,17(10):2038-2040
In this letter, we will report on a nitride-based light emitting diode with a mesa sidewall roughening process that increases light output power. The fabricated GaN-based light-emitting diode (LED) wafers were first treated through a photoelectrochemical (PEC) process. The Ga/sub 2/O/sub 3/ layers then formed around the GaN : Si n-type mesa sidewalls and the bottoms mesa etching regions. Selective wet oxidation occurred at the mesa sidewall between the p- and the n-type GaN interface. The light output power of the PEC treated LED was seen to increase by about 82% which was caused by a reduced index reflectance of GaN-Ga/sub 2/O/sub 3/-air layers, by a rough Ga/sub 2/O/sub 3/ surface, by a microroughening of the GaN sidewall surface, and by a selective oxidation step profile of the mesa sidewall that increases the light-extraction efficiency from the mesa sidewall direction. Consequently, this wet PEC treated process is suitable for high powered nitride-based LEDs lighting applications. 相似文献
74.
Xue‐Bing Zhao Lei Wang De‐Hua Liu 《Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (Oxford, Oxfordshire : 1986)》2008,83(6):950-956
Previous work has shown that the enzymatic hydrolysis of sugarcane bagasse could be greatly enhanced by peracetic acid (PAA) pretreatment. There are several factors affecting the enzymatic digestibility of the biomass, including lignin and hemicelluloses content, cellulose crystallinity, acetyl group content, accessible surface area and so on. The objective of this work is to analyze the mechanism of the enhancement of enzymatic digestibility caused by PAA pretreatment. Delignification resulted in an increase of the surface area and reduction of the irreversible absorption of cellulase, which helped to increase the enzymatic digestibility. The Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrum showed that the absorption peaks of aromatic skeletal vibrations were weakened or disappeared after PAA pretreatment. However, the infrared crystallization index (N.O'KI) was increased. X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis indicated that the crystallinity of PAA‐treated samples was increased owing to the partial removal of amorphous lignin and hemicelluloses and probable physical change of cellulose. The effect of acetyl group content on enzymatic digestibility is negligible compared with the degree of delignification and crystallinity. The results indicate that enhancement of enzymatic digestibility of sugarcane bagasse by PAA pretreatment is achieved mainly by delignification and an increase in the surface area and exposure of cellulose fibers. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
75.
Tsang T.K.K. Kuan-Yu Lin El-Gamal M.N. 《Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs, IEEE Transactions on》2008,55(3):214-218
This paper presents design techniques of CMOS ultra-wide-band (UWB) amplifiers for multistandard communications. The goal of this paper is to propose a compact, simple, and robust topology for UWB low-noise amplifiers, which yet consumes a relatively low power. To achieve this goal, a common-gate amplifier topology with a local feedback is employed. The first amplifier uses a simple inductive peaking technique for bandwidth extension, while the second design utilizes a two-stage approach with an added gain control feature. Both amplifiers achieve a flat bandwidth of more than 6 GHz and a gain of higher than 10 dB with supply voltages of 1.8-2.5 V. Designs with different metal thicknesses are compared. The advantage of using thick-metal inductors in UWB applications depends on the chosen topology. 相似文献
76.
Shi Wei Zhao Xuefeng Ma Conghui Management of the National Development Reform Commission 《中国通信》2008,(3)
After the new round of restructuring of Chinese telecom sector,it's pressing to formulate and implement asymmetric regulation policies so as to shape an effectively competitive market structure in a relatively short term.This paper reviewed the asymmetric regulation policies and practices carried out in foreign telecom market,and then according to the specific situations of Chinese telecom market,proposed the principles and corresponding policies for establishing an asymmetric regulation system fit for Chin... 相似文献
77.
78.
Lei Liu Ying Kong Hong Xu Jin P. Li Jin X. Dong Zhi Lin 《Microporous and mesoporous materials》2008,115(3):624-628
A three-dimensional zinc phosphate compound with DFT topology, designated as ZnPO4-EU1, has been synthesized by an ionothermal approach from the system HF-ZnO–P2O5-choline chloride-imidazolidone. Ethylenediamine, derived from decomposition of the imidazolidone component of the deep-eutectic solvent (DES) itself, is delivered to the synthesis and serves as an appropriate template for ZnPO4-EU1. Experiments in which the synthesis conditions were varied showed that ZnPO4-EU1 may be prepared over a wide molar ratio of P/Zn = 0.55–13.0. Powder X-ray diffraction patterns have been obtained at intervals to track the crystallization process of this material. The experimental data show that Zn3(PO4)2 · 4H2O (a dense phase) was first isolated from the DES after reaction for 1 h. Subsequently, the pure phase of ZnPO4-EU1 was obtained with increasing crystallization time from 12 h to 72 h. The experimental results show that the nucleation and crystallization take place with relatively low levels of solvent degradation, demonstrating that zinc phosphate with a three-dimensional framework can be synthesized by in situ generation of an appropriate template using an unstable DES at high temperatures (150–200 °C). 相似文献
79.
80.