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61.
The PVA/PVP, PVA/PVP with 5% and 10% chitosan and PVA/PVP-Iodine fibers were produced via electrospinning technique. Their morphological and chemical characteristics were examined with SEM, TGA, FT-IR, viscometer and four-point probe conductivity measurement apparatus. The addition of chitosan increased the viscosity and the electrical conductivity of the polymer. The increase chitosan contents resulted in the diameters of the fibers smaller than expected. This was attributed to the increase in the viscosity of the solution and the electrical conductivity of the resulting fibers. The DSC results show that iodine was efficiently cross-linked with the polymer, forming an amorphous structure. 相似文献
62.
Pınar Çalık Eda Bayraktar Bahar İnankur Elif Ş. Soyaslan Merve Şahin Hatice Taşpınar Eda Açık Remziye Yılmaz Tunçer H. Özdamar 《Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (Oxford, Oxfordshire : 1986)》2010,85(12):1628-1635
BACKGROUND: Effect of pH on recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) production by Pichia pastoris hGH‐Mut+ was investigated at pH = 4.2, 5.0, 5.5, and 6.0. RESULTS: The highest cell concentration was obtained at pH = 6.0 with 53 g L?1, while the highest rhGH concentration was attained at pH = 5.0 as 0.27 g L?1. Total protease secretion increased with increase in pH and with the cultivation time. Oxygen uptake rate increased with increasing pH up to pH = 6.0, having the maximum value, 37 mmol m?3 s?1, at pH = 5.5. KLa values were similar at all the conditions, having a maximum value of 0.14 s?1 at pH = 5.0. Taking the final rhGH concentration into account, the most favourable pH was 5.0; where AOX1 expression level showed a similar trend to AOX activity profiles, having the highest value of 9.4 × 1010 copy mg?1 CDW at t = 15 h; in parallel to AOX1 expression profile, hGH expression level increased until t = 15 h, with the highest value of 4.0 × 1010 copy mg?1 CDW, where a sharp increase in rhGH concentration was obtained. The expression levels of pep4, prb1 and prc1 genes, responsible from the production of proteinase A, proteinase B and, carboxypeptidase Y, were parallel to each other. CONCLUSION: Since it was shown that pH is a crucial operating parameter in fermentation processes using P. pastoris, keeping pH constant at its determined optimum value, pH = 5.0, during the bioprocess is vital in terms of recombinant protein production. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
63.
İlknur Uçak Yesim Özogul Mustafa Durmuş 《International Journal of Food Science & Technology》2011,46(6):1157-1163
The effects of the use of antioxidant technology on the quality of mackerel burgers stored at 4 °C were investigated in terms of sensory, biochemical [thiobarbituric acid (TBA), total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB‐N), peroxide value (PV) and free fatty acids (FFA)] and microbiological analyses [total viable count (TVC)]. Fish meat was divided into three groups; the control (C) without rosemary extract, the second group with 0.4% rosemary extracts (Group A) and the third with 0.8% rosemary extracts (Group B). Results showed that the TVB‐N level did not exceed acceptability limit (30–35 mg 100 g?1) for all groups. TBA value for the control significantly increased from 1.47 to 4.80 MA kg?1 whereas it slightly increased in treatment groups as the storage time increased. Significantly higher PV and FFA (P < 0.05) were obtained from the control group. Rosemary extract, in combination with vacuum pack was effective in controlling the growth of bacteria and biochemical indices. 相似文献
64.
In this study, we investigated the effects of microencapsulation conditions on product quality of pomegranate peel phenolics. Our results indicate an optimum air inlet temperature of 160 °C and 1/1 (w/w) or 1/3 (w/w) for phenolics/maltodextrin ratio. No differences were observed amongst the maltodextrins used for coatings. There were also no statistically significant differences in phenolic content of microcapsules for the storage periods of 90 days at 4 °C (p > 0.05). We also evaluated the resultant microencapsulated phenolics for enrichment of the functional properties of regular ice cream used as model food in our studies. Addition of pomegranate peel phenolics at 0.5 and 1.0% (w/w) showed significant improvement of the antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of the enriched ice creams compared with control sample. Antioxidant activity as EC50 and α-glucosidase inhibitory as IC50 of 1.0% phenolic enriched ice creams were 133.3 and 22.9 μg/mL, respectively. More than 75% of the panellists accepted the phenolic enriched ice creams in sensory evaluation, which lends supports to such products for commercial introduction to the general public with the potential as functional foods. 相似文献
65.
Ramazan Gürkan Halil brahim Ulusoy Mehmet Akay Pinar Bulut Ramazan Gurkan Halil ibrahim Ulusoy Mehmet Akcay Pmar Bulut 《稀有金属(英文版)》2011,30(5):477-487
A novel catalytic kinetic method is proposed for the determination of Se(IV), Se(VI), and total inorganic selenium in water
based on the catalytic effect of Se(IV) on the reduction of Celestine blue by sodium sulfide at pH 7.0 phosphate buffer. The
fixed-time method was adopted for the determination and speciation of inorganic selenium. Under the optimum conditions, the
two calibration graphs are linear with a good correlation coefficient in the range 2–20 and 20–200 μg·L−1 of Se(IV) for the fixed-time method at 30°C. The experimental and theoretical detection limits of the developed kinetic method
were found to be 0.21 and 2.50 μg·L−1 for the fixed-time method (3 min). All of the variables that affect the sensitivity at 645 nm were investigated, and the
optimum conditions were established. The interference effect of various cations and anions on the Se(IV) determination was
also studied. The selectivity of the selenium determination was greatly improved with the use of the strongly cation exchange
resin such as Amberlite IR120 plus as long as chelating agents of thiourea and thiosulphate. The proposed kinetic method was
validated statistically and through recovery studies in natural water samples. The relative standard deviations (RSDs) for
ten replicate measurements of 2, 10, and 20 μg·L−1 of Se(IV) change between 0.35% and 5.58%, while the RSDs for ten replicate measurements of 3, 6, and 12 μg·L−1 of Se(VI) change between 0.49% and 1.61%. Analyses of a certified standard reference material (NIST SRM 1643e) for selenium
using the fixed-time method showed that the proposed kinetic method has good accuracy. The Se(IV), Se(VI), and total inorganic
selenium in lake and river water samples have been successfully determined by this method after selective reduction of Se(VI)
to Se(IV). 相似文献
66.
İlknur Demiral Sevgi Sensöz 《Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects》2013,35(12):1159-1168
Fixed-bed pyrolysis biooils of hazelnut (Corylus Avellana L.) bagasse have been identified for their structures. The condensed biooils were analyzed for their properties as fuels and compared with petroleum-derived products. The biooil was analyzed by Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and 1H-NMR spectra. The biooils were fractionated into pentane solubles and insolubles. Pentane solubles were then solvent fractionated into pentane, toluene and methanol subfractions by fractionated column chromatograpy. The aliphatic subfractions of the biooils were then analyzed by capillary column gas-liquid chromatography (GC). In addition, the physical properties, higher heating value and elemental analysis of the biooil were determined. The empirical formula of biooil that has a heating value of 34.57 MJ/kg was established as CH1.45O0.33N0.127. Chromatographic and spectroscopic studies on the biooil showed that the oil obtained from hazelnut bagasse could be used as a renewable fuel and chemical feedstock. 相似文献
67.
Fuel properties of rapeseed oil and soybean oil methyl esters (e.g. density, cetane number and viscosity etc.) are similar to those of the diesel fuel. These methyl esters can be used as diesel engine fuel by mixing withy diesel fuel. In this study a comparison of diesel fuel, the rapeseed oil methyl ester and the soybean oil methyl ester was made from the engine performance and emissions point of view. The tests were carried out with a four-cylinder diesel engine for tree different injection pressures such as 250, 300 and 350 bar with each of these fuels. For the purpose of comparison, tests were also conducted at full load conditions with diesel fuel. As the result, the performance and emission values of rapeseed oil (R) and soybean oil (S) methyl esters were found to be nearly the same with those of diesel fuels (D) when injection pressure was increased to 300 bar. 相似文献
68.
Abdullah Goktas Ferhat Aslan ?brahim Halil Mutlu 《Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics》2012,23(2):605-611
The effect of annealing temperature on selected characteristics of polycrystalline La0.67Sr0.33MnO3 films, which have been produced on quartz substrates, was investigated. X-Ray powder diffraction patterns showed that the
phase formation started at 873 K and all the films had perovskite structure. By increasing the annealing temperature, the
lattice parameters were decreased. Scanning electron microscope indicated that the film thicknesses were approximately 3 μm
and the average grain size of the samples varied between 30–100, 50–110, 70–120, and 100–150 nm for films annealed at 873,
973, 1,073, and 1,173 K, respectively. All the films showed a paramagnetic–ferromagnetic (TC) and metal–insulator (TIM) phase transition. The TC indicated a small variation [from 131 K (S4) to 124 K (S1)] as a function of annealing temperature, whereas the TIM went down from 212 K (S4) to 110 K (S1), a strong decrease of 102 K. A colossal magneto resistance with magneto resistance
ratios of 130, 139, 156, and 163% were observed near TC and at 6 T magnetic field. 相似文献
69.
Ayhan DENİRBAŞ Fikret AKDENİZ Yunus ERDOGAN Vecihi PAMUK 《Petroleum Science and Technology》2013,31(3):405-415
Abstract In this article, the potential utilization of hazel nut shell as a combustible residue was studied. To obtain liquid and gaseous products, the hazel nut shell was subjected to pyrolysis and it was converted to 49.3 % (w) gaseous and 20.0 % (w) liquid products at 475 °C for 7.5 minutes in a simple pyrolysis device The kinetic model used in the present study was based on fractional weight loss for each pyrolysis step. The simple fast pyrolysis was compared with TGA technique. 相似文献
70.
The Single Flying Capacitor Converter (SFCC) and Dual Flying Capacitor Converter (DFCC) are two-quadrant power supplies for energy storage and transfer systems. They have applications in nuclear research and pulsed power systems in which superconductive coils are used. In this paper analytical expressions for the time-averaged behaviours of SFCC and DFCC are derived by using averaging technique. Because large superconductive magnet coils are used, time constants of the switched circuits are large enough compared to the switching period. Therefore, an averaged PWM switch equivalent circuit is substituted into the original converter circuits to find the averaged system equations. With this new insight in the averaged dynamics, their design and control can be optimized. Although DFCC has less coil current ripple compared to SFCC, the analysis will show that the averaged behaviours of both converters are the same. 相似文献