电池健康状态实验与评估方法综述

分析影响电池健康状态(SOH)的内部机理和外部环境因素,并从多个SOH定义反映电池老化特征.针对电池SOH评估研究难点,从SOH实验、SOH评估方法、等效模型和成组不一致性等4个方面,综述目前电池SOH的研究进展.对比不同模型、算法及体系的优缺点,展望电池SOH评估的研究重点.     

Microstructure characterization of reinforcements in in-situ synthesized composites of Al-Zr-O system

A novel in-situ reaction system Al-Zr-O was developed. In-situ Al3Zr and Al2O3 particulates reinforced aluminum matrix composites were fabricated by the direct melt reaction technique in the Al-Zr-O system. Microstructures of the composites and crystal morphology of in-situ formed Al3Zr and Al2O3 particulates were analyzed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). Results indicate that in-situ formed Al3 Zr and Al2O3 particles are finer and well distributed in aluminum matrix. Al3Zr particulates with a tetragonal structure are mainly in the shape of polyhedron. A few of them are in the form of rectangle. The length/width ratio of the rectangular Al3Zr is less than 2.0 and the maximum size is 2μm. In addition, a certain number of Al2O3 submicro particles with a hexagonal structure are also generated in this system. Furthermore, it is found that Al3Zr crystal grows by the mechanism of twinning. The twin plane is (114). The twinning direction is [221]. The tensile tests show that the composites synthesized in the Al-Zr-O system exhibits high strength and ductility. There are a lot of ripples with fine particles on the fracture. The principal strengthening mechanisms for (Al3Zr Al2O3 )p/Al composites may include Orowan strengthening, grain-refining strengthening, solid-solution strengthening and dislocation strengthening.     

AlSi7Mg合金熔体等温处理中组织形态的演变

研究了AlSi7Mg合金在液相线附近不同的温度下保温时，其凝固组织形态的演变规律。在600—650℃之间不同的温度下对AlSi7Mg合金保温30min处理，研究了合金中初生α相的形态随温度改变而演变的过程。试验结果表明：在605—650℃之间保温时，随着保温温度的降低，初生α相逐渐由发达的树枝晶向蔷薇状枝晶和粒状晶转变；在605℃保温30min，可得到尺寸较小、分布均匀的粒状初生α相，在605℃以下保温时，初生α相又开始向蔷薇状形态演变。另外，在605℃下对AlSi7Mg合金进行不同时间的保温处理，结果显示：随着保温时间由10min延长到60min，初生α相的形态经历了由不规则的枝晶到均匀的粒状等轴晶再到蔷薇状组织的转变过程。     

Direct electroless Ni-P plating on AZ91D magnesium alloy

An electroless Ni-P plating treatment was applied on AZ91D magnesium alloy to improve its corrosion resistance. Optimum pretreatment conditions and optimum bath of electroless nickel plating for magnesium alloy were found through many experiments. In order to avoid bother of pre-plating medium layer, a set of procedure of direct electroless Ni-P under the acid condition was investigated. The properties of the coating with 10% phosphorus were investigated. The results show that a coating with high hardness, low porosity and good adhesive strength is obtained. X-ray diffraction patterns show that the structure of the coating is an amorphous phase. After annealing at 400 ℃, the amorphous phase of Ni-P is transformed to crystalline phases, and some intermetallics as Ni3P and Ni5P2 are deposited from Ni -P solid solution along with an enhancing hardness from Hv 450 to Hv 910.     

国际焊接培训可选途径及其实施办法(1)

国际焊接培训体系是国际焊接学会 (InternationalInstituteofWelding ,IIW )在欧洲焊接联合会培训体系的基础上建立起来的 ,自 1998年开始实施以来 ,先后发展了国际焊接工程师 (IWE)、国际焊接技术员 (IWT)、国际焊接技师 (IWS)、国际焊接技士 (IWP)、国际焊接质量检验人员 (IWIP)和焊工 (IW )等培训课程项目。同时 ,为推进世界范围内焊接人员资格的一体化 ,施行过渡措施 ,即具备一定学历、知识水平和工作能力和技术资格的焊接技术人员 ,经过国际焊接学会的评估和批准 ,可以过渡为相应的国际焊接技术资格。如我国自 2 0 0 0年 1月…     

1Cr18Ni9不锈钢阳极氧化膜的XPS研究

用XPS研究了1Cr18Ni9不锈钢表面氧化膜的组分与结构。实验表明膜中的Cr/Fe约为体内的3倍,并在组分和价态上具有不均匀的三层结构;表面层的主要成分为Cr,Fe的含氧氢氧化物;中间层的主要成分为Cr,Fe的氧化物;而过渡层则主要由金属状的Fe和少量Fe,Cr的氧化物组成。当阳极氧化膜用Na_2MoO_4溶液处理后,发现在整个氧化膜中都有Mo存在,其含置约为2%。表面层与中间层统称为阻挡层,它是不锈钢抗腐蚀的主要壁垒。过渡层介于阻挡层和基体之间,在这区域中有透过阻挡层进来的少量的氧存在。根据氧化膜中间层中Cr,Fe的氧化程度和过渡层中氧的含量与透入深度,讨论了阳极氧化膜与其它钝化膜(硝酸钝化膜和自然钝化膜)在抗腐蚀性能上差异的原因。     

我国线材品种质量的优化与展望

从线材用户的角度论述了近十年来我国线材生产取得了长足的进步，但与国外先进水平相比仍存在着质量、品种上的差距。展望未来十年，提出应提高高碳钢及特殊钢线材比例，对尚不能满足要求的产品品种、质量应再优化。由此建议再建１０条高速线材生产线，最好引进１～２条更高水平的高速线材轧机。     

基于递归小波与ART2网络的刀具状态智能监测

为实现刀具的实时状态监测,以超高斯函数为基础,构造出一类用递推公式进行小波变换的小波基,提出该系列小波基的优化方法,对其时频特性进行了分析.对刀具AE信号进行递归小波分解,提取特征并应用ART2网络识别刀具状态.结果表明,基于递归小波与ART2网络的刀具状态监测具有鲁棒性强、实时性好的特点.     

冷硬呋喃树脂砂防粘模技术的研究

就冷硬呋喃树脂砂使用过程中常见的粘模问题进行了较系统的研究，通过对木质芯盒和铝芯盒采用不同的脱模剂进行的一系列试验表明，自制的Ｊ－Ｂ溶液是较理想的一种脱模剂。