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141.
Stotts Angela L.; DiClemente Carlo C.; Carbonari Joseph P.; Mullen Patricia D. 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》2000,19(4):324
Two hundred fifty-six pregnant women who had quit smoking were classified into the precontemplation (PC), contemplation (C), preparation (PA), or action (A) stages of change for postpartum smoking cessation based on a 3-item algorithm assessing personal goals, self-efficacy, and smoking behavior. Logistic regression and event history analyses indicated group differences in return to smoking at 6 weeks and 3, 6, and 12 months postpartum. The percentage of women who returned to postpartum smoking was highest in the precontemplation stage and decreased with each subsequent stage, that is, at 6 weeks 83% of PCs, 64% of Cs, 35% of PAs, and 24% of As had returned to smoking. Results lend support for the stages of change for postpartum smoking abstinence. Stage-based interventions may be developed to assist women in maintaining abstinence postpartum. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
142.
Reinhard Haas Michael Ornetzeder Kristina Hametner Angela Wroblewski Michael Hübner 《Solar Energy》1999,66(3):335
Between 1992 and 1994 a 200 kWp-rooftop programme to promote small grid-connected Photovoltaic (PV) systems was conducted in Austria. Within this programme about 100 PV systems with an average capacity of 2.28 kWp were installed. This paper investigates the socio-economic aspects of this programme and the prospects for a further dissemination of this technology. The major conclusions of this investigation are as follows: (1) The motives to invest in a PV system are: (i) environmental protection; (ii) an alternative to nuclear power; (iii) technical interest. Yet, it is also important that the public supports this purchase by means providing subsidies. (2) The purchase of a PV system leads to different changes in consumer behaviour. Consumers with low initial consumption increased their electricity demand slightly, while the majority of consumers with high initial electricity demand saved electricity. (3) The financial incentives in the programme were not optimally designed. With the same amount of total subsidies it would have been possible to promote more PV systems. (4) The key factors for a further dissemination of PV systems are: (i) financial incentives; (ii) a reduction of the investment costs; (iii) increase in reliability; (iv) distribution of information; (v) enhancement of environmental awareness. 相似文献
143.
144.
Angela M. Moreno 《Journal of power sources》2010,195(7):1964-8475
In this paper, the authors present the first demonstration of a new class of integrated ceramic microchannel reactors for all-in-one reforming of hydrocarbon fuels. The reactor concept employs precision-machined metal distributors capable of realizing complex flow distribution patterns with extruded ceramic microchannel networks for cost-effective thermal integration of multiple chemical processes. The presently reported reactor is comprised of five methanol steam reforming channels packed with CuO/γ-Al2O3, interspersed with four methanol combustion channels washcoated with Pt/γ-Al2O3, for autothermal hydrogen production (i.e., without external heating). Results demonstrate the capability of this new device for integrating combustion and steam reforming of methanol for autothermal production of hydrogen, owing to the axially self-insulating nature of distributor-packaged ceramic microchannels. In the absence of any external insulation, stable reforming of methanol to hydrogen at conversions >90% and hydrogen yields >70% was achieved at a maximum reactor temperature of 400 °C, while simultaneously maintaining a packaging temperature <50 °C. 相似文献
145.
Angela Hafner-Marx M. Büttner 《Journal für Verbraucherschutz und Lebensmittelsicherheit》2008,105(6):400-404
Seit August 2006 breitet sich die Blauzungenkrankheit (engl. Bluetongue, BT) in Mitteleuropa aus, eine ausschlie?lich durch
Stechmücken (Gnitzen) übertragene und bis dahin in unseren Breiten nicht vorhandene Tierseuche von Haus- und Wildwiederk?uern.
Derzeit sind neben Deutschland bereits etliche weitere mitteleurop?ische L?nder betroffen. Die Infektion mit dem exotischen
Bluetonguevirus Serotyp 8 (BTV-8) wird durch heimische Culicoides-Mücken übertragene und ?u?ert sich in klinischen Symptomen, die teilweise auch auf andere bedeutende Seuchen hindeuten k?nnten,
so dass eine rasche labordiagnostische Abkl?rung erfolgen muss. Die staatliche Tierseuchenbek?mpfung versucht durch dauernde
überwachung, Handelsbeschr?nkungen und neuerdings auch durch Impfung der empf?nglichen landwirtschaftlichen Nutztiere die
Blauzungenkrankheit in Mitteleuropa einzud?mmen. 相似文献
146.
Dora Angela Hoyos Adriana Echavarría Carlos Saldarriaga 《Journal of Materials Science》2001,36(22):5515-5518
A zinc vanadate with the formula Zn3(VO4)2·3H2O was synthesized by hydrothermal reaction of a gel of composition [(CH3CO2)2Zn·2H2O] : 0.5V2O5: 0.4 [1,3-diaminepropane] : 1.5 NaOH : 114 H2O, held at 170°C for 24 hours. The structure was determined ab initio by means of the EXPO direct methods program and refined with GSAS. The pale yellow solid crystallizes in the hexagonal space group P-6 with a= 6.07877(8), c= 7.1827(2) Å. The structure consists of vanadium tetrahedra bonded to distorted octahedral zinc atoms to create one dimensional columnar passageways for molecules. Though occupied by water in the as synthesized form, the passages could host other small molecules. 相似文献
147.
Angela C. Macedo F. X. Malcata 《Zeitschrift für Lebensmitteluntersuchung und -Forschung A》1997,204(3):173-179
Experimental Serra cheeses were manufactured from raw ewe’s milk and thistle flowers following a two-way factorial design.
The content of nitrogen soluble in water (WSN), in 2% trichloroacetic acid (2% TCA-N), in 12% TCA (TCA-N) and in 5% phosphotungstic
acid (5% PTA-N), and the pH and salt-in-moisture concentration were measured throughout the ripening period (sampling at 0,
7, 21 and 35 days) and the cheese-making season (sampling in November, February and May). Proteolysis in 35-day-old Serra
cheese was quantitatively high [average values of 34.6% and 11.9% for WSN/TN (total nitrogen) and 2% TCA-N/TN, respectively],
but qualitatively low (average values of 5.8% and 1.2% for 12% TCA-N/TN and 5% PTA-N/TN, respectively). The ratios WSN/TN
and 2% TCA-N/TN were lowest for cheeses ripened in February, whereas the ratio 12% TCA-N/TN was highest for cheeses ripened
in November. By 35 days of ripening, the average pH and salt-in-moisture concentration values were 5.2 and 4.8%, respectively.
No correlation was found to occur between the measured pH or salt-in-moisture concentration and the values of soluble nitrogen
fractions throughout the cheese-making season.
Received: 14 February 1996/Revised version: 4 June 1996 相似文献
148.
Chen Hsinchun Kostoff Ronald N. Chen Chaomei Zhang Jian Vogeley Michael S. Borner Katy Ma Nianli Duhon Russell J. Zoss Angela Srinivasan Venkat Fox Edward A. Yang Christopher C. Wei Chih-Ping 《Intelligent Systems, IEEE》2009,24(4):68-88
Strength in science & technology (S&T) is the foundation of a nation's economic power, so an effective, automated means of continually assessing this strength is critical to understanding a country's economic status. Six essays on global S&T assessment present various research frameworks, computational methods, issues, and results relative to knowledge mapping, scientometrics, information visualization, digital libraries, and multilingual knowledge management. 相似文献
149.
Reviews studies that have tried to empirically confirm the effects of child sexual abuse cited in the clinical literature. In regard to initial effects, empirical studies have indicated reactions—in at least some portion of the victim population—of fear, anxiety, depression, anger and hostility, aggression, and sexually inappropriate behavior. Frequently reported long-term effects include depression and self-destructive behavior, anxiety, feelings of isolation and stigma, poor self-esteem, difficulty in trusting others, a tendency toward revictimization, substance abuse, and sexual maladjustment. The kinds of abuse that appear to be most damaging are experiences involving father figures, genital contact, and force. The effects of duration and frequency of abuse, age at onset, the child's reporting of the offense, parental reaction, and institutional response are also considered. The controversy over the impact of child sexual abuse is discussed. (49 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
150.
Rapport Lisa J.; Friedman Sara L.; Tzelepis Angela; Van Voorhis Amy 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》2002,16(1):102
[Correction Notice: An erratum for this article was reported in Vol 16(3) of Neuropsychology (see record 2007-17085-001). On Page 102, in the byline and in the author note, and on page 109 in the Rapport et al. (2001) reference, Sara Friedman's middle initial incorrectly reads "L." Her correct middle initial is "R."] Emotional competence and deficits that may disrupt interpersonal interactions were evaluated in 28 adults with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and 28 demographically equivalent controls. Participants completed tasks assessing affect recognition and experienced emotional intensity. Adults with ADHD performed worse in affect recognition than did adults without the disorder; however, the impairment was unrelated to gross perceptual processes, fundamental abilities in facial recognition, or attentional aspects of affect perception. Moreover, intensity of experienced emotion moderated affect recognition: Among controls, experienced emotion facilitated affect recognition. Among adults with ADHD, who reported significantly greater intensity, experienced emotion was inversely related to affect recognition. Results are consistent with theories of ADHD as a deficit in behavioral inhibition; yet, results may merely reflect a constellation of deficits associated with the disorder. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献