The high-conductance state of cortical networks

We studied the dynamics of large networks of spiking neurons with conductance-based (nonlinear) synapses and compared them to networks with current-based (linear) synapses. For systems with sparse and inhibition-dominated recurrent connectivity, weak external inputs induced asynchronous irregular firing at low rates. Membrane potentials fluctuated a few millivolts below threshold, and membrane conductances were increased by a factor 2 to 5 with respect to the resting state. This combination of parameters characterizes the ongoing spiking activity typically recorded in the cortex in vivo. Many aspects of the asynchronous irregular state in conductance-based networks could be sufficiently well characterized with a simple numerical mean field approach. In particular, it correctly predicted an intriguing property of conductance-based networks that does not appear to be shared by current-based models: they exhibit states of low-rate asynchronous irregular activity that persist for some period of time even in the absence of external inputs and without cortical pacemakers. Simulations of larger networks (up to 350,000 neurons) demonstrated that the survival time of self-sustained activity increases exponentially with network size.     

Low‐profile substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) cavity‐backed self‐triplexed slot antenna

A low‐profile self‐triplexed slot antenna is proposed for multiple system integrations. The antenna comprises of hybrid substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) cavity (a combination of a half‐mode circular and half‐mode rectangular SIW), radiating slot, and feeding network. A slot is imprinted on the upper metal‐layer of the SIW which splits the cavity into three radiating sections. It offers tri‐frequency bands when each section is excited separately. By finely tuning the antenna dimensions, it produces three frequency‐bands around 5.57, 7.17, and 7.65 GHz simultaneously utilizes a single slot with maintaining the intrinsic input‐port isolation better than 20 dB. This property helps to introduce the self‐triplexing phenomenon. Compared with the conventional multiband antennas that use an extra circuitry to ensure the port isolations, this design preserves compactness and easy to integrate with planar circuits Moreover, the proposed antenna is fabricated and the measured results mutually agreed with the simulated counterparts. The proposed design can be a feasible option for mobile transceiver applications.     

The synthesis of pixelated metamaterial cross polarizer using binary wind driven optimization algorithm

Microsystem Technologies - In this paper synthesis of two wideband Metamaterial Cross Polarizer (MCPs) is proposed. The synthesis of proposed MCPs is done by using Binary Wind Driven Optimization...     

Some properties of equivalence soft set relations

The soft set theory is a new mathematical tool for dealing with uncertainties that is free from the difficulties that have troubled the usual theoretical approaches. Babitha and Sunil [Soft set relations and function, Computers and Mathematics with Applications 60 (2010) 1840–1849] introduced the notion of soft set relations as a soft subset of the Cartesian product of soft sets and discussed many related concepts such as equivalence soft set relations, partitions and functions. In this paper, we further study the equivalence soft set relations and obtain soft analogues of many results concerning ordinary equivalence relations and partitions. Furthermore, we introduce and discuss the transitive closure of a soft set relation and prove that the poset of the equivalence soft set relations on a given soft set is a complete lattice with the least element and greatest element.     

A Component Selection Framework of Cohesion and Coupling Metrics

Component-based software engineering is concerned with the development of software that can satisfy the customer prerequisites through reuse or independent development. Coupling and cohesion measurements are primarily used to analyse the better software design quality, increase the reliability and reduced system software complexity. The complexity measurement of cohesion and coupling component to analyze the relationship between the component module. In this paper, proposed the component selection framework of Hexa-oval optimization algorithm for selecting the suitable components from the repository. It measures the interface density modules of coupling and cohesion in a modular software system. This cohesion measurement has been taken into two parameters for analyzing the result of complexity, with the help of low cohesion and high cohesion. In coupling measures between the component of inside parameters and outside parameters. The final process of coupling and cohesion, the measured values were used for the average calculation of components parameter. This paper measures the complexity of direct and indirect interaction among the component as well as the proposed algorithm selecting the optimal component for the repository. The better result is observed for high cohesion and low coupling in component-based software engineering.     

REVISE: A Tool for Measuring and Mitigating Bias in Visual Datasets

International Journal of Computer Vision - Machine learning models are known to perpetuate and even amplify the biases present in the data. However, these data biases frequently do not become...     

On the impact of analyzing customer information and prioritizing in a service system

This paper examines prioritization in a service system and analyzes whether, in the presence of heterogeneous customers who have different needs and a costly sorting process, it pays to prioritize. In particular, in our model, sorting is costly because the task of gathering information to prioritize jobs consumes resources. We investigate a stylized model in which there are two classes of jobs — one whose waiting cost is high, called urgent, and the other whose waiting cost is low, called non-urgent. There are two types of employees, sorters, who collect information on a job and then decide whether it is urgent or non-urgent, and processors, who execute the job or provide the service. We begin by assuming that sorters categorize customers perfectly, and we relax this assumption later in the paper. We optimize two performance metrics, waiting costs (under a given budget) and total costs, and find the conditions under which prioritization is beneficial for these two metrics.     

Glycated proteome: From reaction to intervention

Glycation, a nonenzymatic reaction between reducing sugars and proteins, is a proteome wide phenomenon, predominantly observed in diabetes due to hyperglycemia. Glycated proteome of plasma, kidney, lens, and brain are implicated in the pathogenesis of various diseases, including diabetic complications, neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, and aging. This review discusses the strategies to characterize protein glycation, its functional implications in different diseases, and intervention strategies to protect the deleterious effects of protein glycation.