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101.
102.
混凝土的裂缝问题是一个普遍存在而又难于解决的工程实际问题,现对花坝二级电站引水隧洞工程中衬砌混凝土出现裂缝的原因进行分析,并针对出现的混凝土裂缝的具体情况,提出一些简单的预防和处理对策。 相似文献
103.
A novel ultra-wideband (UWB) bandpass filter (BPF) is presented using the hybrid microstrip and coplanar waveguide (CPW) structure. A CPW nonuniform resonator or multiple-mode resonator (MMR) is constructed to produce its first three resonant modes occurring around the lower end, center, and higher end of the UWB band. Then, a microstrip/CPW surface-to-surface coupled line is formed and modeled to allocate the enhanced coupling peak around the center of this UWB band, i.e., 6.85GHz. As such, a five-pole UWB BPF is built up and realized with the passband covering the entire UWB band (3.1-10.6GHz). A predicted frequency response is finally verified by the experiment. In addition, the designed UWB filter, with a single resonator, only occupies one full-wavelength in length or 16.9mm. 相似文献
104.
Xue‐Bing Zhao Lei Wang De‐Hua Liu 《Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (Oxford, Oxfordshire : 1986)》2008,83(6):950-956
Previous work has shown that the enzymatic hydrolysis of sugarcane bagasse could be greatly enhanced by peracetic acid (PAA) pretreatment. There are several factors affecting the enzymatic digestibility of the biomass, including lignin and hemicelluloses content, cellulose crystallinity, acetyl group content, accessible surface area and so on. The objective of this work is to analyze the mechanism of the enhancement of enzymatic digestibility caused by PAA pretreatment. Delignification resulted in an increase of the surface area and reduction of the irreversible absorption of cellulase, which helped to increase the enzymatic digestibility. The Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrum showed that the absorption peaks of aromatic skeletal vibrations were weakened or disappeared after PAA pretreatment. However, the infrared crystallization index (N.O'KI) was increased. X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis indicated that the crystallinity of PAA‐treated samples was increased owing to the partial removal of amorphous lignin and hemicelluloses and probable physical change of cellulose. The effect of acetyl group content on enzymatic digestibility is negligible compared with the degree of delignification and crystallinity. The results indicate that enhancement of enzymatic digestibility of sugarcane bagasse by PAA pretreatment is achieved mainly by delignification and an increase in the surface area and exposure of cellulose fibers. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
105.
106.
Young Sil Jeon Jing Lei Ji-Heung Kim 《Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry》2008,14(6):726-731
This study examined the removal of some basic dyes, such as Methylene Blue, Malachite Green and Methyl Orange, using alginate or alginate/polyaspartate composite gel beads. The adsorption of dyes from aqueous solutions at 25 °C was examined using a batch sorption technique. The effects of CaCl2 and the dye concentration on the adsorption were examined. Type-S adsorption isotherms were obtained, which is characteristic of a weak solute–solid interaction. The ionic interaction between the dye molecule and gel matrix appears to be responsible for the efficient adsorption of cationic dyes in this system. These results suggest that an alginate/polyaspartate gel can be used as an effective sorbent for water pollutants such as dyes, and the immobilization of these organic contaminants in the hydrogels from wastewater can solve one of the most important environmental problems in the related industry. 相似文献
107.
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109.
Lei Liu Ying Kong Hong Xu Jin P. Li Jin X. Dong Zhi Lin 《Microporous and mesoporous materials》2008,115(3):624-628
A three-dimensional zinc phosphate compound with DFT topology, designated as ZnPO4-EU1, has been synthesized by an ionothermal approach from the system HF-ZnO–P2O5-choline chloride-imidazolidone. Ethylenediamine, derived from decomposition of the imidazolidone component of the deep-eutectic solvent (DES) itself, is delivered to the synthesis and serves as an appropriate template for ZnPO4-EU1. Experiments in which the synthesis conditions were varied showed that ZnPO4-EU1 may be prepared over a wide molar ratio of P/Zn = 0.55–13.0. Powder X-ray diffraction patterns have been obtained at intervals to track the crystallization process of this material. The experimental data show that Zn3(PO4)2 · 4H2O (a dense phase) was first isolated from the DES after reaction for 1 h. Subsequently, the pure phase of ZnPO4-EU1 was obtained with increasing crystallization time from 12 h to 72 h. The experimental results show that the nucleation and crystallization take place with relatively low levels of solvent degradation, demonstrating that zinc phosphate with a three-dimensional framework can be synthesized by in situ generation of an appropriate template using an unstable DES at high temperatures (150–200 °C). 相似文献
110.
A high-power and high-repetition-rate passively Q -switched ytterbium-doped single-mode double-clad fiber laser was built using a Cr4+:YAG saturable absorber (SA). Two different SAs with initial transmissions of Tomicron = 30% and Tomicron = 50% were studied. At the maximum coupled pump power of 9.8 W, an output power of 4.7 W, pulse duration of 143 ns, pulse repetition rate of 253 KHz, pulse energy of 18.5 muJ, and slope efficiency of 49% were obtained with the Tomicron = 30% SA. 相似文献