永州市抗御"碧利斯"台风的实践与思考

受2006年第四号台风“碧利斯”的影响,永州市出现了持续的强降雨过程,部分地区出现了大暴雨,引发了严重的洪涝灾害,成为近年来影响较为严重的一次台风暴雨。永州市在抗御这次台风暴雨过程中,高度警惕,充分准备,周密部署,科学调度,全力以赴抗灾救灾,将灾害损失降到了最低程度,全市没有垮一库一坝,没有因山洪灾害发生人员伤亡。文章总结了永州市的防灾抗灾经验,并针对防御台风暴雨存在的问题,探讨了进一步减轻台风暴雨灾害损失的对策。     

磷酸盐玻璃中Er~(3+)离子的光跃迁和激光作用

给出了Li-Al磷酸盐玻璃中Er~(3+)离子发射特性(Ar、σ_ρ、β、τ_γ)的计算结果。报道了Cr~(3+)→Yb~(3+)→Er~(3+)的一种有效能量转移,并获得了室温下3J1.54μm波长的激光输出。     

Effect of storage temperature on phenolics stability in hawthorn (Crataegus pinnatifida var. major) fruits and a hawthorn drink

The stability of five major phenolics, namely (−)-epicatechin (EC), procyanidin B₂ (PC-B₂), chlorogenic acid (ChA), hyperoside (HP) and isoquercitrin (IQ), in hawthorn fruits and a canned hawthorn drink were evaluated during 6 months of storage in the dark at three different temperatures (4, 23 and 40 °C). HPLC with a diode-array detector was used to determine the contents of the individual compounds. The results showed that the studied phenolics in the hawthorn fruits and the drink were both stable at 4 °C and relatively unstable at 23 and 40 °C with varied extents of degradation. At room temperature (23 °C), marked degradations of EC and PC-B₂ were observed in both the fruits and the drink with around 50% and 30% decrease after a 6-month storage, respectively. A more significant decrease of the phenolics was observed at 40 °C, especially for EC and PC-B₂, which were almost completely degraded after a 6-month storage. HP, IQ and ChA were relatively stable at 23 °C, but unstable at 40 °C. Therefore, low-temperature storage is recommended for maintaining the quality and efficacy of hawthorn fruits and its preparations.     

国外复合材料用高级增强纤维的发展现状

本文综述了国外碳纤维、陶瓷、聚芳酰胺、超高分子量聚乙烯、液晶聚合物纤维的发展现状,包括它们的生产能力、消费情况、性能特点,主要生产国和生产公司、产品牌号以及应用领域等,并指出了其生产进展和发展动向。     

卷筒纸胶印机技术讲座第一讲概述

卷筒纸胶印机的种类很多,使用范围也越来越广泛,但在使用中出现的问题也五花八门。如何提高卷筒纸胶印机的使用效率,及时排除故障,是每个用户关心的问题。本人根据以往经验就卷筒纸胶印机的结构和如何解决使用中的问题作一系统介绍。1卷筒纸胶印机的发明和发展1)卷筒纸胶印机的发明据有关史料记载,1905年美国人威廉.罗倍尔(W.Rubel)和他的助手操作一台直接印刷的平版印刷机,为了提高印刷质量,他们在压印滚筒上包了一块橡皮布。在一次印刷中,他的助手没有把纸续进印刷机,机器空转了一转,印版上的图文直接印在了橡皮布上。此时,他接着又续了…     

变频器在恒压供水上的应用

简要介绍了JP6C—AP1变频器的特点及在恒压供水上的应用。     

Grafting of maleic anhydride onto polyethylene through a green chemistry approach

The grafting of a polymer can lead to the improvement and modification of the polymer and thus expand its applications. Grafting methods include solution grafting in organic solvents, melt grafting at high temperatures, and light grafting with radioactive sources. These methods have their advantages and disadvantages. The disadvantages include waste treatment, consumption of energy, and so on. In this study, a hydrothermal process which is called the green approach, was developed to prepare graft copolymers. The effect of various factors on the grafting degree was investigated in detail. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008     

薄层隔热保温涂料的研制及应用

常规保温材料的研究以提高孔隙率、提高热阻、降低传导传热性能为主,但其对流传热及辐射传热较难降低。当今以传热机理改进保温材料及保温结构是重要发展方向。文章介绍了一种借鉴国外航天工业用高科技绝热涂层的技术思路,并结合国情研制成功的具有高辐射率的薄层隔热保温涂料,它可弥补常规保温材料的不足。该保温涂料以液态涂料方式存在,干燥后的涂层热阻较大,特别是热反射率高,可有效地降低辐射传热,施工方便,涂层薄,无接缝,附着力好,集防水隔热外护于一体。绝热等级为R21.1,热反射度0.79,热辐射率0.83,固含量54％,性能接近国外同类产品水平,成本仅为国外产品的1/4左右。可直接以涂层方式使用,也可与其他多孔保温材料复合构成低辐射传热结构,作为石油石化行业成品油罐及储罐的隔热保温、管道及设备的保冷及屋面隔热保温涂层使用,综合节能效益高。     

电子式电能表的接线方式及误差分析

针对电子式电能表与机械式电能表之间的不同结构和工作原理，提出应根据不同应用情况来决定其安装接线方式。另外通过对电子式电能表做线损、三相负荷平衡率和走字试验的实例分析，认为应根据两者不同的结构状况和工作原理才能保证正确计量。     

长庆油田陕北区原油破乳剂的筛选和复配

实验考察了8种市售水溶性破乳荆对长庆油田陕北区有代表性的宝塔区、安塞和子长原油(均为低硫中间基-石蜡基原油)的脱水效果(加量100mg／L，脱水温度55℃，时间3h)。目前长庆采油一厂使用的YT-100和延炼集团使用的GT-940对这3种原油的脱水效果均较好，但对子长原油的脱水率不高，分别为69．7％和58．9％。在由所选性能较好的破乳刺组成的4种二元复配物中，GT-940 HQ96-1对3种原油的脱水效果均高于单剂，最佳配比分别为4：1，4：1，3：2；其余3种复配物则对原油有选择性，其中GT-940 YT-100相近(97．5％)；YT-100 HQ96-1仅能改善子长原油的脱水效果，配比为4：1时脱水率最高(76．4％)；SP-169 HQ96-1仅能改善宝塔区原油的脱水效果．配比3：2和2：3时脱水率最高(92．9％)。表5参6。