Inhibition of pure iron by new synthesized tripyrazole derivatives in HCl solution

Inhibitory effect of some new synthesized tripyrazole compounds on corrosion of pure iron in 1 M HCl solution has been studied using weight-loss measurements and various electrochemical techniques polarization and impedance spectroscopy methods. The inhibiting action is more pronounced with N,N,N-tris[(3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)methyl] amine (P1), and its inhibition efficiency increases with its concentration and attains the maximum value of 94% at the 2.5 × 10⁻⁴ M. The effect of temperature on the corrosion behaviour of iron was studied in the range from 298 to 353 K with and without P1 at 2.5 × 10⁻⁴ M. We note a good agreement between gravimetric and electrochemical methods potentiodynamic polarization and impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Polarization measurements show also that the compound acts mixed inhibitor. The catholic curves indicate that the reduction of proton at the pure iron surface happens within a pure activating mechanism. EIS measurements show the increase of the transfer resistance with the inhibitor concentration. The presence of the N,N,N-tris[(3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)methyl] amine increases the inhibition efficiency and not caused a drastic change in its adsorption mechanism. The adsorption of P1 on the surface of iron in 1 M HCl obeys a Langmuir isotherm adsorption.     

Relation between impurities and oxide-scale growth mechanisms on Ni-34Cr and Ni-20Cr alloys. II. Influence of sulphur

The oxidation of presulphidized Ni-Cr alloys has been studied by taking into account the influence of the two distinct oxidation mechanisms described in part I of this article. Sulphur enters the Cr₂O₃ scale (in Ni-34Cr alloys) mainly as S^2– species, which at high temperatures increases the V_Cr content, and hence the oxidation kinetics. Sulphur is randomly distributed in the scale, except at the inner oxide-alloy interface, where intergranular microsulphides are analyzed in the oxide-scale zone. In the case of NiO, NiCr₂O₄, Cr₂O₃ oxide multilayers (in a Ni-20Cr alloy), sulphur in the S^2– state is distributed in the oxide layers or at Si-precipitate interfaces. Such a distribution leads to crack formation, especially during cooling.     

2004年起中国将启用新的金属废料分类目录及报关方法

在交流条件硅酸钠溶液中利用微等离子体氧化技术合成了陶瓷涂层。通过XRD，EPMA分析了所得陶瓷涂层在不同层面上的相组成、微观结构及元素分布。由陶瓷涂层截面的背散射图看出陶瓷涂层较致密、与基体结合强度高。XRD分析结果显示，陶瓷涂层的最外层由莫来石及γ-Al2O3相组成，随着向陶瓷涂层内部的移动，莫来石的含量逐渐减少，α-Al2O3，γ-A12O3相的含量逐渐提高，而且陶瓷涂层的颜色由白色逐渐变为黑色。硅元素在陶瓷涂层的外侧及陶瓷涂层与基体的交界处陶瓷涂层一侧含量较多，在陶瓷涂层中间含量少。而陶瓷涂层的硬度变化也出现了中间高，两侧低的分布情况。     

异形件的滚压成形工艺设计及滚压线的调试

该文对异形件的几处滚压工艺忌区诸如半径过大 ,不能使材料达到屈服成形状态 ;翻转 1 80°的成形 ;弯边太短 ,难以成形 ;重叠弯曲 ,材料易位移 ,难以控制等现象进行了讨论 ,提出了对滚压忌区的解决方法和设计要领 ,指出了在模具设计制造中应注意的事项 ,对提高滚制精度有一定的参考价值     

多程序点焊控制器的研制

本文主要介绍了多程序点焊控制箱的程序过程以及主控制器及调制器的工作原理，并采用了一种新型的触发电路代替传统的脉冲变压器，具有触发可靠、大功率、高精度、电路简单等特点。     

筒形件正旋隆起及旋压力三维有限元模拟分析

应用有限元软件MSC．Marc，对TC4筒形件热旋正旋成形过程进行三维弹塑性有限元模拟研究，建立起正旋成形的三维有限元计算模型，分析了旋压加工中隆起现象，计算了旋压力，得到了工艺参数对隆起及旋压力的影响关系。该模拟计算对于探索复杂的旋压成形规律具有重要意义。     

辽宁省水能资源开发利用管理现状分析

《辽宁省水能资源开发利用管理条例》自2010年实施以来,辽宁省水能资源开发规划、项目建设管理、安全生产监管、绿色小水电建设、安全生产标准化电站建设的各项规章制度已逐步建立并完善,水能资源管理能力得到显著提升,辽宁省水能资源开发利用管理逐步走上法制化、规范化轨道。本文对此加以介绍。     

江苏省南水北调受水区水资源配置

在对水资源系统进行模拟分析的基础上,结合江苏省南水北调受水区水文水资源、水利工程等特点,构建流域降雨径流模型、水动力学模型、水量调配模型以及水工程调度模型等子模型,对受水区水资源量、供需水量等进行研究。基于所建模型提出水利工程调度方案,对研究区水资源进行合理配置。分别模拟计算分析研究区内农业、工业、生活、生态和船闸用水户在现状与规划工情下不同水平年的供水、需水、缺水情况,制定水资源配置方案。通过现状与规划方案对比可知,南水北调一期工程建成后供水能力提高,缺水量显著降低。95%、75%和50%保证率下,缺水率分别降低10.3%、8.0%和5.2%。研究成果为南水北调东线水利工程调度提供科学依据,对跨流域调水工程的水资源配置与调度具有一定参考意义。     

Marketing Activities to Support ‘Moderately Novel’ Product Innovation: Insights from the Chemical Industry

Scholars often follow a contingency approach to study which marketing activities are suitable for a particular type of product innovation project, thereby making a distinction between incremental and radical innovation only. ‘Moderately novel’ projects, which have intermediate levels of newness, have therefore not been given due attention. This paper focuses on market intelligence generation and the creation of cross‐functional linkages as marketing activities that are important in the context of moderately novel product innovation. In addition, the organizational position of the marketers involved in these activities is dealt with. Based on the analysis of four successful projects in the chemical industry, we argue, firstly, that moderately novel innovation projects have their own particular sets of marketing practices and, secondly, that differences exist between projects aiming at a new market segment and projects in which novelty is not related to market segment but to other market dimensions. These differences are especially salient in early project phases. These findings are pertinent to research on the role of marketers in product innovation, and to the study of organizational ambidexterity.