Frequency regularization of a linked wind–diesel system using dual structure fuzzy with ultra-capacitor

Microgrids (μ-grids) are gaining increased interest around the world for supplying cheap and clean energy. In this paper, a μ-grid comprising a wind turbine generator (WTG) and diesel generator (DG) is considered. It is one of most practical and demanding systems suitable for the present energy crisis in isolated or rural areas. However, wind energy is intermittent in nature while load demand changes frequently. Therefore, a µ-grid can experience large frequency and power fluctuations. The speed governor of the DG tries to minimize the frequency and power deviations in µ-grid though its operation is slow and cannot adequately minimize system deviations. The paper proposes a novel arrangement based on a dual structured fuzzy (DSF) whose structure changes according to the switching limit with a reduced rule base. It has the capability to switch between proportional and integral actions and hence improves the frequency regularization of the μ-grid. The proposed strategy is tested in a μ-grid and the results considering step load alteration, load alteration at different instants of time, nonstop changing load request are compared with some of the well published methods to validate the effectiveness and simplicity of the present design. In addition, it shows that ultra-capacitor establishment in a μ-grid has a positive impact in minimizing system deviations with DSF for the studied cases.     

A novel social deep autoencoder NMF incentive scheme to detect a selfish node in delay tolerant network

Detection of the selfish node in a delay tolerant network (DTN) can sharply reduce the loss incurred in a network. The algorithm's current pedigree mainly focuses on the rely on nodes, records, and delivery performance. The community structure and social aspects have been overlooked. Analysis of individual and social tie preferences results in an extensive detection time and increases communication overhead. In this article, a heterogeneous DTN topology with high-power stationary nodes and mobile nodes on Manhattan's accurate map is designed. With the increasing complexity of social ties and the diversified nature of topology structure, there need for a method that can effectively capture the essence within the speculated time. In this article, a novel deep autoencoder-based nonnegative matrix factorization (DANMF) is proposed for DTN topology. The topology of social ties projected onto low-dimensional space leads to effective cluster formation. DANMF automatically learns an appropriate nonlinear mapping function by utilizing the features of data. Also, the inherent structure of the deep autoencoder is nonlinear and has strong generalization. The membership matrices extracted from the DANMF are used to design the weighted cumulative social tie that eventually, along with the residual energy, is used to detect the network's selfish node. The testing of the designed model is carried out on the real dataset of MIT reality. The proficiency of the developed algorithm has been well tested and proved at every step. The methods employed for social tie extraction are NMF and DANMF. The methodology is rigorously experimented on various scenarios and has improved around 80% in the worst-case scenario of 40% nodes turning selfish. A comprehensive comparison is made with the other existing state-of-the-art methods which are also incentive-based approaches. The developed method has outperformed and has shown the supremacy of the current methods to capture the latent, hidden structure of the social tie.

     

A quantum mutation-based backtracking search algorithm

The exposition of any nature-inspired optimization technique relies firmly upon its executed organized framework. Since the regularly utilized backtracking search algorithm (BSA) is a fixed framework, it is not always appropriate for all difficulty levels of problems and, in this manner, probably does not search the entire search space proficiently. To address this limitation, we propose a modified BSA framework, called gQR-BSA, based on the quasi reflection-based initialization, quantum Gaussian mutations, adaptive parameter execution, and quasi-reflection-based jumping to change the coordinate structure of the BSA. In gQR-BSA, a quantum Gaussian mechanism was developed based on the best population information mechanism to boost the population distribution information. As population distribution data can represent characteristics of a function landscape, gQR-BSA has the ability to distinguish the methodology of the landscape in the quasi-reflection-based jumping. The updated automatically managed parameter control framework is also connected to the proposed algorithm. In every iteration, the quasi-reflection-based jumps aim to jump from local optima and are adaptively modified based on knowledge obtained from offspring to global optimum. Herein, the proposed gQR-BSA was utilized to solve three sets of well-known standards of functions, including unimodal, multimodal, and multimodal fixed dimensions, and to solve three well-known engineering optimization problems. The numerical and experimental results reveal that the algorithm can obtain highly efficient solutions to both benchmark and real-life optimization problems.

     

Fuzzy Based Ant Colony Optimization Scheduling in Cloud Computing

Cloud computing is an Information Technology deployment model established on virtualization. Task scheduling states the set of rules for task allocations to an exact virtual machine in the cloud computing environment. However, task scheduling challenges such as optimal task scheduling performance solutions, are addressed in cloud computing. First, the cloud computing performance due to task scheduling is improved by proposing a Dynamic Weighted Round-Robin algorithm. This recommended DWRR algorithm improves the task scheduling performance by considering resource competencies, task priorities, and length. Second, a heuristic algorithm called Hybrid Particle Swarm Parallel Ant Colony Optimization is proposed to solve the task execution delay problem in DWRR based task scheduling. In the end, a fuzzy logic system is designed for HPSPACO that expands task scheduling in the cloud environment. A fuzzy method is proposed for the inertia weight update of the PSO and pheromone trails update of the PACO. Thus, the proposed Fuzzy Hybrid Particle Swarm Parallel Ant Colony Optimization on cloud computing achieves improved task scheduling by minimizing the execution and waiting time, system throughput, and maximizing resource utilization.     

Effects of Hall current and two temperatures in transversely isotropic magnetothermoelastic with and without energy dissipation due to ramp-type heat

The present article is concerned with the investigation of disturbances in a homogeneous transversely isotropic thermoelastic rotating medium with two temperatures, in the presence of the combined effects of Hall currents and magnetic field. The formulation is applied to the thermoelasticity theories developed by Green-Naghdi theories of type-II and type-III. Laplace and Fourier transform techniques are applied to solve the problem. The analytical expressions of displacements, stress components, temperature change, and current density components are obtained in the transformed domain. A numerical inversion technique has been applied to obtain the results in the physical domain. Numerical simulated results are depicted graphically to show the effect of Hall current and two temperatures on resulting quantities. Some special cases are also deduced from the present investigation.     

Deformation due to expanding ring load in modified couple stress thermoelastic diffusion in time and frequency domain

The two-dimensional problem of expanding ring load in a modified couple stress theory of thermoelastic diffusion with heat sources in time and frequency domains is investigated. The mathematical formulation prepared for thermoelastic diffusion solids with one and two relaxation times using Laplace and Hankel transforms. The displacements, stress components, temperature change, and chemical potential are obtained in a transformed domain. Numerical computation is performed for these quantities and the resulting quantities are shown graphically for the time and frequency domains. Comparisons are made with the results predicted by the two theories and different values of time and frequency. Particular cases of interest are also deduced.     

Experimental investigation of impact of diesel particulate filter on smoke and NO<Subscript>x</Subscript> emissions of a Euro-I compression ignition engine with active and off-board regeneration

Old engines (Euro III or earlier) produce more emissions, and it will be difficult to entirely stop their usage especially in developing and under-developed nations; hence, it is desired that appropriate emission reduction technologies are tested on such engines to analyze their feasibility and economical acceptability. While most such studies have been conducted on constant speed stationary engines and modern engines, this study tried to analyze the effectiveness of an uncoated wall-flow type ceramic diesel particulate filter on a Euro-I, water-cooled, direct injection, variable speed, compression ignition engine in a laboratory set-up in India. Also, this study focused on diesel particulate filter regeneration by two methods: active regeneration by diesel injection in the particulate filter using an electronic control unit and off-board regeneration by taking out and heating the diesel particulate filter in an electrical resistance furnace at 650 °C for 10 h. The results, in the form of smoke emission, NO_x emission and engine performance, obtained using both the regeneration methods were analyzed, and conclusions were drawn. It was found that using diesel particulate filter, particulate matter emissions (smoke) were almost entirely eliminated. It was also found that off-board regeneration had numerous advantages compared to active regeneration. Since a furnace would be needed for off-board regeneration, an exchange process for diesel particulate filter is suggested.     

Development and gamma-scintigraphy study of Hibiscus rosasinensis polysaccharide-based microspheres for nasal drug delivery

Objective: This work describes the application of natural plant polysaccharide as pharmaceutical mucoadhesive excipients in delivery systems to reduce the clearance rate through nasal cavity.

Methods: Novel natural polysaccharide (Hibiscus rosasinensis)-based mucoadhesive microspheres were prepared by using emulsion crosslinking method for the delivery of rizatriptan benzoate (RB) through nasal route. Mucoadhesive microspheres were characterized for different parameters and nasal clearance of technetium-99m (^99mTc)-radiolabeled microspheres was determined by using gamma-scintigraphy.

Results: Their Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies showed that the drug was stable during preparation of microspheres. Aerodynamic diameter of microspheres was in the range 13.23?±?1.83–33.57?±?3.69?µm. Change in drug and polysaccharide ratio influenced the mucoadhesion, encapsulation efficiency and in-vitro release property. Scintigraphs taken at regular interval indicate that control solution was cleared rapidly from nasal cavity, whereas microspheres showed slower clearance (p?Conclusion: Natural polysaccharide-based microspheres achieved extended residence by minimizing effect of mucociliary clearance with opportunity of sustained delivery for longer duration.