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91.
An exact solution inside, outside, and within two arbitrary concentric spherical shells is presented for an impinging monochromatic linearly polarized electromagnetic wave. Specifically, the solution was found for a double-shell spherical acrylic plastic enclosure irradiated with 2450-MHz microwaves. The enclosure is used as an environmentally controlled exposure chamber for experimental animals during microwave irradiation. The analysis shows that an air foamed material, such as styrofoam, would be a better material than either Plexiglas or Teflon, provided it is sufficiently durable. 相似文献
92.
Diffusion and reaction models of varying complexity are used to study the stability of the combustion of single char particles. In contrast to past studies which have considered only the reaction of carbon with oxygen, both the heterogeneous reactions of carbon with oxygen and carbon dioxide and the homogeneous oxidation of carbon monoxide are taken into account in the formulation of the mathematical models. Emphasis is placed on the investigation of the feasibility of occurrence of oscillatory combustion. Our results show that high rates of the C-O2 reaction and high concentration of O2 in the ambient favor the occurrence of multiple steady states and oscillatory solutions, but the appearance of oscillatory instability is suppressed by the homogeneous reaction in the gas phase and the presence of CO and CO2 in the ambient. The parametric investigation of the problem reveals, in agreement with the results of past studies, that the heat capacity of the porous solid, the Lewis number, and the thickness of the stagnant film are three key parameters for the occurrence of the oscillatory response of the system. Reasonably large values of solid heat capacity practically eliminate the possibility of oscillatory combustion, but an appropriate combination of large values of stagnant film thickness and small Lewis numbers may offset the effect of solid heat capacity 相似文献
93.
Gustavo Meirelles Daniel Manzi Bruno Brentan Thaisa Goulart Edevar LuvizottoJr 《Water Resources Management》2017,31(13):4339-4351
The success of hydraulic simulation models of water distribution networks is associated with the ability of these models to represent real systems accurately. To achieve this, the calibration phase is essential. Current calibration methods are based on minimizing the error between measured and simulated values of pressure and flow. This minimization is based on a search of parameter values to be calibrated, including pipe roughness, nodal demand, and leakage flow. The resulting hydraulic problem contains several variables. In addition, a limited set of known monitored pressure and flow values creates an indeterminate problem with more variables than equations. Seeking to address the lack of monitored data for the calibration of Water Distribution Networks (WDNs), this paper uses a meta-model based on an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) to estimate pressure on all nodes of a network. The calibration of pipe roughness applies a metaheuristic search method called Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) to minimize the objective function represented by the difference between simulated and forecasted pressure values. The proposed method is evaluated at steady state and over an extended period for a real District Metering Area (DMA), named Campos do Conde II, and the hypothetical network named C-town, which is used as a benchmark for calibration studies. 相似文献
94.
Peter Meszmer Karla Hiller Steffen Hartmann Alexey Shaporin Daniel May Raul David Rodriguez Jörg Arnold Gianina Schondelmaier Jan Mehner Dietrich R. T. Zahn Bernhard Wunderle 《Microsystem Technologies》2014,20(6):1041-1050
In this paper, a novel concept of a thermo-mechanical MEMS actuator using aluminum thin-film heaters on a thermal oxide for electrical insulation is presented. The actuator is part of an universal tensile testing platform for thermo-mechanical material characterization of one dimensional materials on a micro- and nano-scopic scale under different environmental conditions, as varying temperatures, pressure, moisture or even vacuum and is realised in BDRIE technology. It is shown, that the actuator concept fulfills the requirements for the use in a tensile loading stage along with heterogeneously integrated nanofunctional elements, following a specimen centered approach in line with bottom-up self-assembly processes. Simulation and experiment agree very well in the thermal and mechanical domain and allow subsequent optimisation of the actuator performance. 相似文献
95.
One of the leading time of flight imaging technologies for depth sensing is based on Photonic Mixer Devices (PMD). In PMD sensors each pixel samples the correlation between emitted and received light signals. Current PMD cameras compute eight correlation samples per pixel in four sequential stages to obtain depth with invariance to signal amplitude and offset variations. With motion, PMD pixels capture different depths at each stage. As a result, correlation samples are not coherent with a single depth, producing artifacts. We propose to detect and remove motion artifacts from a single frame taken by a PMD camera. The algorithm we propose is very fast, simple and can be easily included in camera hardware. We recover depth of each pixel by exploiting consistency of the correlation samples and local neighbors of the pixel. In addition, our method obtains the motion flow of occluding contours in the image from a single frame. The system has been validated in real scenes using a commercial low-cost PMD camera and high speed dynamics. In all cases our method produces accurate results and it highly reduces motion artifacts. 相似文献
96.
Ahmet Kolus Philippe-Antoine Dubé Daniel Imbeau Richard Labib Denise Dubeau 《Applied ergonomics》2014
In new approaches based on adaptive neuro-fuzzy systems (ANFIS) and analytical method, heart rate (HR) measurements were used to estimate oxygen consumption (VO2). Thirty-five participants performed Meyer and Flenghi's step-test (eight of which performed regeneration release work), during which heart rate and oxygen consumption were measured. Two individualized models and a General ANFIS model that does not require individual calibration were developed. Results indicated the superior precision achieved with individualized ANFIS modelling (RMSE = 1.0 and 2.8 ml/kg min in laboratory and field, respectively). The analytical model outperformed the traditional linear calibration and Flex-HR methods with field data. The General ANFIS model's estimates of VO2 were not significantly different from actual field VO2 measurements (RMSE = 3.5 ml/kg min). With its ease of use and low implementation cost, the General ANFIS model shows potential to replace any of the traditional individualized methods for VO2 estimation from HR data collected in the field. 相似文献
97.
Daniel N. Hopkins 《Desalination》1982,42(2):141-151
The VFPIM process has the following advantages: It does not require a compressor nor an absorbing solution for low pressure water vapor, nor a refrigeration loop (heat pump) to reuse the heat released in the condensation or desublimation of the low pressure water vapor in supplying the latent heat of melting ice. The process uses commercially available components and can thus be operated reliably.Some of the key unit operations are similar to those in existing vacuum freezing processes, but those unique to this process are: desublimation of low pressure vapor, pumping of an ice water slush containing a high ice content, melting of ice inside a heat conductive conduit and exchange ice formation operations. An extended surface freezer was found to have several advantages over the conventional spray freezer. 相似文献
98.
Daniel E. Miller Julie R. Vale 《Mathematics of Control, Signals, and Systems (MCSS)》2014,26(2):177-214
In this paper we consider the problem of adaptively stabilizing, and providing step tracking for, an uncertain linear time-varying system. We propose an adaptive pole placement controller which solves the problem for a single-input single-output plant whose parameters switch at a moderate rate among the elements of a compact set. The output feedback controller incorporates an integrator, and its action emulates the behaviour of a pole placement state feedback compensator; the controller is periodic and mildly nonlinear, is easy to implement, is noise tolerant, and tolerates a degree of unmodelled dynamics. 相似文献
99.
Dr. Christoph Goebel Prof.?Dr. Hans-Arno Jacobsen Victor del Razo Mag.? Christoph Doblander Dipl.-Ing. Jose Rivera Dipl-Inform.?Wirt Jens Ilg Dr. Christoph Flath Prof.?Dr. Hartmut Schmeck Prof.?Dr. Christof Weinhardt Dipl-Inform. Daniel Pathmaperuma Prof.?Dr. Dr.?h.?c. Hans-Jürgen Appelrath Prof.?Dr. Michael Sonnenschein Prof.?Dr. Sebastian Lehnhoff Prof.?Dr. Oliver Kramer Prof.?Dr. Thorsten Staake Prof.?Dr. Elgar Fleisch Prof.?Dr. Dirk Neumann Prof.?Dr. Jens Strüker Dr. Koray Erek Prof.?Dr. Rüdiger Zarnekow Dr. Holger Ziekow Prof.?Dr. J?rg L?ssig 《WIRTSCHAFTSINFORMATIK》2014,56(1):31-39
Due to the increasing importance of producing and consuming energy more sustainably, Energy Informatics (EI) has evolved into a thriving research area within the CS/IS community. The article attempts to characterize this young and highly dynamic field of research by describing current EI research topics and methods and provides an outlook of how the field might evolve in the future. It is shown that two general research questions have received the most attention so far and are likely to dominate the EI research agenda in the coming years: How to leverage information and communication technology (ICT) to (1) improve energy efficiency, and (2) to integrate decentralized renewable energy sources into the power grid. Selected EI streams are reviewed, highlighting how the respective research questions are broken down into specific research projects and how EI researchers have made contributions based on their individual academic background. 相似文献
100.
Geschäftsmodelle 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Prof. Dr. Daniel Veit Prof. Eric Clemons Prof. Dr. Alexander Benlian Prof. Dr. Peter Buxmann Prof. Dr. Thomas Hess Prof. Dr. Dennis Kundisch Prof. Dr. Jan Marco Leimeister Prof. Dr. Peter Loos Prof. Dr. Martin Spann 《WIRTSCHAFTSINFORMATIK》2014,56(1):55-64
The business model concept, although a relatively new topic for research, has garnered growing attention over the past decade. Whilst it has been robustly defined, the concept has so far attracted very little substantive research. In the context of the wide-spread digitization of businesses and society at large, the logic inherent in a business model has become critical for business success and, hence, a focus for academic inquiry. The business model concept is identified as the missing link between business strategy, processes, and Information Technology (IT). The authors argue that the BISE community offers distinct and unique competencies (e.g., translating business strategies into IT systems, managing business and IT processes, etc.) that can be harnessed for significant research contributions to this field. Within this research gap three distinct streams are delineated, namely, business models in IT industries, IT enabled or digital business models, and IT support for developing and managing business models. For these streams, the current state of the art, suggest critical research questions, and suitable research methodologies are outlined. 相似文献