影响阻尼硅橡胶性能的因素

以阻尼剂制备了阻尼硅橡胶,研究了阻尼剂的量、水解条件和生胶的苯基含量对阻尼硅橡胶性能的影响,结果表明:阻尼剂的量在一定范围内(不超过20份),随着量的增加,阻尼硅橡胶的性能不断提高;混炼胶以210℃×4 h水解处理得到的阻尼硅橡胶综合性能为好;低苯基生胶(LPVMQ)比甲基乙烯基生胶(VMQ)制备的阻尼硅橡胶阻尼系数显著提高,但中苯基生胶(MPVMQ)比LPVMQ制备的阻尼硅橡胶阻尼系数提高较小。     

富马酸生产工艺进展

笔者通过对国内外富马酸生产工艺的比较，讨论分析了影响富马酸生产经济效益和产品质量的因素，提出根据建厂厂址自然条件和投资情况，合理选择工艺路线、设备、工艺参数的依据。     

非光气路线合成特种异氰酸酯PPDI前体——对苯二氨基甲酸甲酯

以绿色化学品碳酸二甲酯和对苯二胺为原料,采用非光气路线合成对苯二氨基甲酸甲酯(PPDC)——聚氨酯用特种异氰酸酯对苯二异氰酸酯(PPDI)的前体。实验考察了催化剂对反应的影响,并以Zn(CH3COO)2作催化剂确定了合适工艺条件。结果表明,Zn(CH3COO)2为催化剂,433.15K反应2h,对苯二胺转化率为99.9%,PPDC的收率可达82.1%。对该反应的机理进行了初步的探讨。     

Influence of Non-Stoichiometry on the Structure and Properties of Ba(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3 Microwave Dielectrics: II. Compositional Variations in Pure BZN

The formation of non-stoichiometric cubic perovskite solid solutions based on BaZn_1/3Nb_2/3O₃ (BZN) was examined along 10 different directions in the BaO–ZnO–Nb₂O₅ ternary system. Limited ranges of non-stoichiometry were observed along several pseudo-binaries and the BZN structure can accommodate a variety of different types of defects. Although the deviations from stoichiometry are quite small, typically ∼1 mole%, they induce large changes in the extent and stability of the 1:2 B-site ordering, the sintering and microstructure, and the dielectric loss properties. The highest Q × f s (∼110 000 at 8 GHz) in the system, which coincide with the highest degree of order, were located in two regions along the BZN–Ba₅Nb₄O₁₅ and BZN–BaNb₂O₆ lines. The results of this study provide an explanation for the large variations in crystal structure and Q × f s previously reported for BZN and other related systems (e.g., Ba(Zn_1/3Ta_2/3)O₃), and demonstrate that non-stoichiometric starting compositions provide a route to the highest Q values.     

在铂催化剂上-氧化碳氧化反应的多定态特性

对铂催化剂上一氧化碳氧化反应的多定态特性进行了实验研究,借助于奇异理论和突变理论,对实验结果进行了分析,找出了系统可能存在的定态数目,并预测出在定态数目不同的操作参数区域内,描述系统状态变量与操作参数的分岔图型式,最后,尝试利用系统的多定态特性识别反应的动力学模型,取得了满意的效果.     

Thermooxidative degradation of natural rubber/clay composite

The clay is treated with a reducing agent and an acid so as to obtain a clay containing various metal components with a variable‐valence state. Then, the clay is coprecipitated with natural rubber (NR) latex to prepare a vulcanized NR/clay composite. The degradation process of the NR/clay composite under hot air condition was studied dynamically by using a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer attaching an in situ sample cell and was also investigated using the TGA method. The test result obtained from the infrared spectrometry indicated that under low decomposition temperature, the decomposition products of the test samples mainly are ethylene, low molecular olefinic hydrocarbon, and carbonyl compounds. As the decomposition temperature rises, the low molecular olefinic hydrocarbon content decreases, the olefine with longer chain is formed, and a lot of alkane decomposition products are formed at the same time. When the content of the metal components with a variable‐valence state in clay such as Cu, Mn, Co, and Fe increases, the oxidation products containing the carbonyl group, the olefinic hydrocarbon, and CO₂ in the decomposition product of the test sample also increase. The TGA result clearly shows a shoulder peak that appears by the side of the main peak on the DTG curve of NR/clay composite. With the increase in the content of metal components with variable‐valence state in clay, the initial degradation temperature of the test sample (T₀), the degradation peak temperature (T_p1), and the final degradation temperature (T_f1) in first‐stage reaction, as well as the degradation peak temperature (T_p2) and the last final degradation temperature (T_f) in second‐stage reaction of all the test samples more or less shift to the direction of low temperature; besides, the activation energy (E) of the reaction of the test samples more or less decreases. This means that the metal components with variable‐valence state promote the oxidative degradation of the clay–rubber masterbatch. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 100: 3809–3815, 2006     

二氧化氯消毒技术及在医院污水处理中的应用

介绍二氧化氯消毒的性能特点，分析讨论二氧化氯消毒杀菌原理，，给出了化学法制备二氧化氯的化学反应方程式及二氧化氯发生器的工艺原理图，结合实际介绍生化－二氧化氯消毒工艺在医院污水处理中的应用情况，并进行了经济效益分析。     

供电企业配电线路故障及策略

通过分析供电线路安全运行的影响因素,提出了防范故障的策略,希望能够对配电线路的安全运行提供帮助。     

微波辐射对甲苯磺酸催化合成乙酸环己酯

以冰醋酸和环己醇为原料 ,环已烷为带水剂 ,对甲苯磺酸作催化剂 ,采用微波辐射技术 ,在常压下直接合成乙酸环己酯。最适宜反应条件为 :n(环己醇 )∶n(乙酸 ) =1 5∶1 0 ,对甲苯磺酸用量 0 2 0 g ,带水剂用量 5mL ,微波功率 5 95W ,辐射时间 15min ,产率达 97%以上