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201.
Marica Battista Anna Musto Angelica Navarra Giuseppina Minopoli Tommaso Russo Silvia Parisi 《International journal of molecular sciences》2013,14(7):13482-13496
Over the past few years, it has become evident that the distinctive pattern of miRNA expression seen in embryonic stem cells (ESCs) contributes to important signals in the choice of the cell fate. Thus, the identification of miRNAs and their targets, whose expression is linked to a specific step of differentiation, as well as the modulation of these miRNAs, may prove useful in the learning of how ESC potential is regulated. In this context, we have studied the expression profile of miRNAs during neural differentiation of ESCs. We have found that miR-125b is upregulated in the first steps of neural differentiation of ESCs. This miRNA targets the BMP4 co-receptor, Dies1, and, in turn, regulates the balance between BMP4 and Nodal/Activin signaling. The ectopic expression of miR-125b blocks ESC differentiation at the epiblast stage, and this arrest is rescued by restoring the expression of Dies1. Finally, opposite to miR-125a, whose expression is under the control of the BMP4, miR-125b is not directly regulated by Transforming Growth Factor beta (TGFβ) signals. These results highlight a new important role of miR-125b in the regulation of the transition from ESCs to the epiblast stage and add a new level of control on TGFβ signaling in ESCs. 相似文献
202.
Paola Maura Tricarico Giulio Kleiner Erica Valencic Giuseppina Campisciano Martina Girardelli Sergio Crovella Alessandra Knowles Annalisa Marcuzzi 《International journal of molecular sciences》2014,15(4):6843-6856
Deregulation of the mevalonate pathway is known to be involved in a number of diseases that exhibit a systemic inflammatory phenotype and often neurological involvements, as seen in patients suffering from a rare disease called mevalonate kinase deficiency (MKD). One of the molecular mechanisms underlying this pathology could depend on the shortage of isoprenoid compounds and the subsequent mitochondrial damage, leading to oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory cytokines’ release. Moreover, it has been demonstrated that cellular death results from the balance between apoptosis and pyroptosis, both driven by mitochondrial damage and the molecular platform inflammasome. In order to rescue the deregulated pathway and decrease inflammatory markers, exogenous isoprenoid compounds were administered to a biochemical model of MKD obtained treating a murine monocytic cell line with a compound able to block the mevalonate pathway, plus an inflammatory stimulus. Our results show that isoprenoids acted in different ways, mainly increasing the expression of the evaluated markers [apoptosis, mitochondrial dysfunction, nucleotide-binding oligomerization-domain protein-like receptors 3 (NALP3), cytokines and nitric oxide (NO)]. Our findings confirm the hypothesis that inflammation is triggered, at least partially, by the shortage of isoprenoids. Moreover, although further studies are necessary, the achieved results suggest a possible role for exogenous isoprenoids in the treatment of MKD. 相似文献
203.
We report an in-depth experimental study to evaluate a process for achieving a local coating of thermosetting powder on metallic substrate. Laser cure is a fast and smart process for achieving local, bound, and fixed coating. 相似文献
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Carola Palmerini Luca Piscitani Giuseppina Bologna Chiara Riganti Paola Lanuti Domitilla Mandatori Lorenzo Di Liberato Giorgia Di Fulvio Vittorio Sirolli Giulia Renda Caterina Pipino Marco Marchisio Mario Bonomini Assunta Pandolfi Natalia Di Pietro 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(6)
Red blood cells (RBCs) have been found to synthesize and release both nitric oxide (NO) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), contributing to systemic NO bioavailability. These RBC functions resulted impaired in chronic kidney disease (CKD). This study aimed to evaluate whether predialysis (conservative therapy, CT) and dialysis (peritoneal dialysis, PD; hemodialysis, HD) therapies used during CKD progression may differently affect NO-synthetic pathway in RBCs. Our data demonstrated that compared to PD, although endothelial-NO-synthase activation was similarly increased, HD and CT were associated to cGMP RBCs accumulation, caused by reduced activity of cGMP membrane transporter (MRP4). In parallel, plasma cGMP levels were increased by both CT and HD and they significantly decreased after hemodialysis, suggesting that this might be caused by reduced cGMP renal clearance. As conceivable, compared to healthy subjects, plasma nitrite levels were significantly reduced by HD and CT but not in patients on PD. Additionally, the increased carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) values did not reach the significance exclusively in patients on PD. Therefore, our results show that PD might better preserve the synthetic NO-pathway in CKD-erythrocytes. Whether this translates into a reduced development of uremic vascular complications requires further investigation. 相似文献
207.
Gabriele Bonaventura Rosario Iemmolo Giuseppe Antonino Attaguile Valentina La Cognata Brigida Sabrina Pistone Giuseppe Raudino Velia DAgata Giuseppina Cantarella Maria Luisa Barcellona Sebastiano Cavallaro 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(9)
The development and commercialization of new drugs is an articulated, lengthy, and very expensive process that proceeds through several steps, starting from target identification, screening new leading compounds for testing in preclinical studies, and subsequently in clinical trials to reach the final approval for therapeutic use. Preclinical studies are usually performed using both cell cultures and animal models, although they do not completely resume the complexity of human diseases, in particular neurodegenerative conditions. To this regard, stem cells represent a powerful tool in all steps of drug discovery. The recent advancement in induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSCs) technology has opened the possibility to obtain patient-specific disease models for drug screening and development. Here, we report the use of iPSCs as a disease model for drug development in the contest of neurological disorders, including Alzheimer’s (AD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD), Amyotrophic lateral Sclerosis (ALS), and Fragile X syndrome (FRAX). 相似文献
208.
Patrizia Marchetti Anna Mottola Giuseppina Tantillo Marta Castrica Angela Di Pinto 《Journal of dairy science》2021,104(4):4056-4061
The authenticity of buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) dairy products is a focal issue, considering the increasing demand for buffalo milk products. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the undeclared presence of bovine (Bos taurus) milk in buffalo yogurt, to understand which risk factors might make the product vulnerable to fraud. Real-time PCR assay showed the undeclared presence of bovine DNA in addition to buffalo DNA in 18 of 72 samples. Given the widespread lack of data on the presence of undeclared milk species in buffalo dairy products, the study provides a significant insight into the incidence of fraud in the buffalo dairy field. The data from this study could help improve the analysis of food safety risks along the buffalo milk supply chain and in the dairy processing industry, perceived as being highly vulnerable to food fraud, and prioritize target areas for food policy making to steer and enforce European food fraud regulations. 相似文献
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Giuseppina Pace Pereira Lima Tássia do Vale Cardoso Lopes Maria Rosecler Miranda Rossetto & Fabio Vianello 《International Journal of Food Science & Technology》2009,44(6):1118-1124
The aim of this work was to analyse some nutritional characteristics in eatable vegetables obtained by conventional and organic grown culture, focusing on vegetable parts that are generally rejected by consumers. Samples of Chinese cabbage ( Brassica rapa (syn. B. campestris ) spp. pekinensis )) and maize ( Zea mays L.) had been analysed under raw conditions and after thermal treatment in order to test modifications in protein, lipids, carbohydrate, phenol, nitrate content and dry weight. According to our results, thermal treatment modified some characteristics. Even if for most parameters significant differences between foods obtained by the two cultivation procedures had not been observed, in organic samples a higher concentration of nitrate was found. Furthermore, domestic processing, such as cooking in boiling water, seems to have a dramatic effect on phenolic content on both kinds of food, and, as a consequence, on antioxidant activity. 相似文献