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51.
52.
The increased concentration of CO2 due to continuous breathing and no discharge of human beings in the manned closed space, like spacecraft and submarines, can be a threat to health and safety. Effective removal of low concentration CO2 from the manned closed space is essential to meet the requirements of long-term space or deep-sea exploration, which is an international frontier and trend. Ionic liquids (ILs), as a widespread and green solvent, already showed its excellent performance on CO2 capture and absorption, indicating its potential application in low concentration CO2 capture. In this review, we first summarized the current methods and strategies for direct capture from low concentration CO2 in both the atmosphere and manned closed spaces. Then, the multi-scale simulation methods of CO2 capture by ionic liquids are described in detail, including screening ionic liquids by COSMO-RS methods, capture mechanism by density functional theory and molecular dynamics simulation, and absorption process by computational fluid dynamics simulation. Lastly, some typical IL-based green technologies for low concentration CO2 capture, such as functionalized ILs, co-solvent systems with ILs, and supported materials based on ILs, are introduced, and analyzed the subtle possibility in manned closed spaces. Finally, we look forward to the technology and development of low concentration CO2 capture, which can meet the needs of human survival in closed space and proposed that supported materials with ionic liquids have great advantages and infinite possibilities in the vital area.  相似文献   
53.
Directionally solidified microstructures of Al2O3-Er3Al5O12 eutectic and off-eutectic in situ composite ceramics were explored under abrupt-change pulling rate conditions. Corresponding temperature distributions and interface locations were studied. In eutectic composition, fluctuation of eutectic spacing occurred when the pulling rate increased abruptly. A gradually increase or abrupt increase in eutectic spacing was observed when the pulling rate decreased abruptly. In hypoeutectic and hypereutectic compositions, formation of the primary phases were suppressed when the pulling rate increased abruptly from 10?µm/s to 100?µm/s, while primary phases precipitated when the pulling rate decreased abruptly from 100?µm/s to 10?µm/s. The interface altitude decreased after the pulling rate increased abruptly, but increased after the pulling rate decreased abruptly. The liquid composition restriction (around the eutectic composition) at the eutectic interface plays an important role in the suppression of the primary dendrite and coupled eutectic oxides can be obtained in off-eutectic compositions even under higher solidification rate conditions.  相似文献   
54.
程俊琦  郭勇 《电子测试》2015,(2):60-61,59
测向误差的减小一直以来都是无线电测向精度提高的一个难点,对于不同的测向体制所采用的减小测向误差的方法都不尽相同。本文主要介绍的是相关干涉仪测向体制的基本原理以及通过内插法的应用来减小测向误差的方法。  相似文献   
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为研究古建筑木结构透榫节点的M-θ力学模型,在分析透榫节点构造特征与受力机理的基础上,建立其数值模型,用透榫节点的试验数据验证了该数值模型的正确性,并分析了节点缝隙、木材横纹弹性模量和大榫头长度对透榫节点受弯承载力的影响。根据受力分析结果,建立以弹性点、屈服点与极限点为特征点的三折线多参数M-θ力学模型,其结果与多数的试验结果基本吻合,并将该力学模型应用于木构架的受力分析。研究结果表明:透榫节点的滞回耗能能力强,节点的变形主要集中在榫头处。当榫头与卯口之间的缝隙增大时,节点的受弯承载力降低。随木材横纹弹性模量的提高和大榫头长度的增加,节点的受弯承载力有一定提高。文章建立的M-θ力学模型能较好反映透榫节点的受力过程,适用于木构架的受力分析,其荷载 位移骨架曲线与试验结果基本吻合。研究成果可为古建筑木结构的维修与保护提供参考。  相似文献   
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Low-loss (Zn1-xNix)ZrNbTaO8 (0.02?≤?x?≤?0.10) ceramics possessing single wolframite structure are initiatively synthesized by solid-state route. Based on the results of Rietveld refinement, complex chemical bond theory is used to establish the correlation between structural characteristics and microwave performance in this ceramic system. A small amount of Ni2+ (x?=?0.06) in A-site with the fixed substitution of Ta5+ in B-site can effectually raise the Q?×?f value of ZnZrNb2O8 ceramic, embodying a dense microstructure and high lattice energy. The dielectric constant and τf are mainly affected by bond ionicity and the average octahedral distortion. The (Zn0.94Ni0.06)ZrNbTaO8 ceramic sample sintered at 1150?°C for 3?h exhibits an outstanding combination of microwave dielectric properties: εr =?27.88, Q?×?f?=?128,951?GHz, τf =?–39.9?ppm/°C. Thus, it is considered to be a candidate material for the communication device applications at high frequency.  相似文献   
59.
Wang  Xin  Guo  Yi  Wang  Yuanyuan  Yu  Jinhua 《Neural computing & applications》2019,31(4):1069-1081

Breast cancer is one of the most common female malignancies, as well as the second leading cause of mortality for women. Early detection and treatment can dramatically decrease the mortality rate. Recently, automated breast volume scanner (ABVS) has become one of the most frequently used diagnose methods for breast tumor screening because of its operator-independent and reproducible advantages. However, it is a challenging job to obtain the tumors’ accurate locations and shapes by reviewing hundreds of ABVS slices. In this paper, a novel computer-aided detection (CADe) system is developed to reduce clinicians’ reading time and improve the efficiency. The CADe system mainly contains three parts: tumor candidate acquisition, false-positive reduction and tumor segmentation. Firstly, a local phase-based approach is built to obtain breast tumor candidates for further recognition. Subsequently, a convolutional neural network (CNN) is applied to reduce false positives (FPs). The introduction of CNN can help to avoid complicated feature extraction as well as elevate the accuracy and efficiency. Finally, superpixel-based segmentation is used to outline the breast tumor. Here, superpixel-based local binary pattern (SLBP) is proposed to assist the segmentation, which improves the performance. The methods were evaluated on a clinical ABVS dataset whose abnormal cases were manually labeled by an experienced radiologist. The experiment results were mainly composed of two parts. At the FP reduction stage, the proposed CNN achieved 100% and 78.12% sensitivity with FPs/case of 2.16 and 0. At the segmentation stage, our SLBP obtained 82.34% true positive, 15.79% false positive and 83.59% Dice similarity. In summary, the proposed CADe system demonstrated promising potential to detect and outline breast tumors in ABVS images.

  相似文献   
60.
Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B - Basic oxygen furnace (BOF) steel slag is a main byproduct that is produced during the converter steelmaking process. The volume instability and fast...  相似文献   
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