Extraversion and reciprocation of interviewer disclosures.

Hypothesized that introverts would be more sensitive to situational variables (i.e., would vary their amount and depth of disclosure with the disclosure of the target person more than would extraverts). Regardless of the dependent measure of disclosure used (actual time talking or intimacy level), Ss (undergraduates) could not be differentiated on the basis of extraversion-intraversion. Implications of the finding of a consistently strong dyadic effect are noted. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Fatigue crack closure evaluation with the potential method

Crack closure during crack propagation was measured with the potential method and the compliance technique for the titanium alloy Ti-6A1-4V. In vacuum with the potential method too high crack closure loads are evaluated due to an electrical contact of the roughened fracture surfaces. After a change in pressure from vacuum to 760 torr, after a decrease in mean load and after an overload cycle, the total amount of potential change during one cycle decreases gradually. This is due to the formation of an insulating oxide layer during the repeated mechanical contact.     

A bovine model of vaccine enhanced respiratory syncytial virus pathophysiology

A critical issue has been the observation that vaccination of children with a formalin-inactivated respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) vaccine is associated with disease enhancement. We have taken advantage of bovine RSV and our experience with this disease in calves to develop a natural model that parallels human disease. Using formalin-inactivated bovine RSV vaccine calves were either sham-vaccinated/infected, vaccinated/infected, or vaccinated/sham-infected and their clinical signs, pulmonary function, and histological lung lesions quantitatively scored. Interestingly there was significantly greater disease in vaccinated/infected calves and histological lesions in calves were similar to those of affected children. Finally, we note that vaccination did not induce neutralizing antibodies, but IgG antibodies were detected by ELISA. Our model of RSV enhanced disease is important because it provides quantifiable evidence of disease severity that can be applied to evaluate the mechanisms of immunopathology and the safety of candidate RSV vaccines.     

Liquid chromatographic determination of azinphos methyl oxon in foliar dislodgeable residues and in soil surface dusts from an azinphos methyl-treated orange grove

Specific parts of the worker environment in an orange grove that had been sprayed with azinphos methyl formulation were tested for azinphos methyl oxon. Extracts of soil surface dusts and dislodgeable residues from orange leaf surfaces were prepared and analyzed by liquid chromatographic procedures incorporating an ultraviolet absorption detector primarily for quantitation and an on-stream chemical reaction detector primarily for confirmation. Azinphos methyl oxon residues were found in both types of samples collected 3-59 days after spraying. Foliar dislodgeable residues of the oxon ranged from a high of 0.057 microgram/sq cm of leaf surface on the 17th day to a low of 0.014 microgram/sq cm on the 59th day for trees treated with a low-volume spray. The corresponding range in soil dust samples was 5.2 microgram/g (ppm) of dust on the 10th day to 1.4 microgram/g on the 59th day. Values were 9.7 and 2.7 microgram/g, respectively, for samples from under trees similarly treated with a high-volume spray.     

Temperature fluctuations and a new third law of thermodynamics

We point out that because the heat capacity C(T) tends toward zero as the absolute temperature T approaches zero, temperature fluctuations of a reservoir will diverge in this limit. As a consequence, it is expected that the reservoir will exhibit a threshold temperature T₀ given by C_v(T₀) = Boltzmann's constant. Possible experimental consequences are discussed.     

Author index,vol. 46 (1990)

Author index, Vol. 46 (1990)     

Overrating the X-Rating: The Third-Person Perception and Support for Censorship of Pornography

Research has produced plentiful evidence of the third-person perception—the tendency for people to think others are more influenced by mass media than they are themselves. But until now there has been scant evidence of the effects of that perceptual bias. Consistent with past third-person effect findings, the data in this study indicate that a substantial majority of U.S. adults see others as more adversely influenced by pornography than themselves. In addition, the results show that peoples' support for pornography restrictions parallels the discrepancy they perceive between effect on self and effect on others.     

Programming continuous-system simulation in PASCAL

A complete continuous-system simulation package written in PASCAL graphically exhibits the anatomy and requirements of simulation software in general, and also the very real advantages and disadvantages of programming in PASCAL. To combine PASCAL's neat program/data structures and useful compiler checks with efficient number-crunching, it may be best to call FORTRAN procedures from a PASCAL main program.     

Prediction of failure probabilities for cleavage fracture from the scatter of crack geometry and of fracture toughness using the weakest link model

The weakest link model proposed by Landes and Shaffer[1] is generalized in order to predict the failure probabilities of real structures with surface cracks and to include the scatter in crack size and crack geometry. The failure probabilities and the distributions of crack depth, of depth to length ratio and of fracture toughness of the failed structures are calculated in this model and compared with the results of the usual probabilistic calculations.