nm23 protein expression in renal cell tumors: the role of the cell type

This study investigated nm23 protein expression in renal cell carcinomas to determine the relationship between nm23 protein expression and grade, stage, prognosis and the cell type. 89 cases were examined by immunohistochemistry. Tubular epithelia were homogeneously stained. Cytoplasmic nm23 protein levels were reduced in renal cell carcinoma. nm23 protein levels persisted in oncocytomas, which are accepted to be benign. Cytoplasmic nm23 staining intensity did not show any correlation with stage and grade of tumor nor prognosis. Reduction in nm23 protein levels may have a role during renal cell carcinoma pathogenesis but not in progression or metastasis suppression.     

Clinical features of pediatric Beh?et''s disease

Ageing affects the mechanical properties of skin. Studies using objective measurements on facial skin have been rare and yielded contradictory information. In the present study, the age-related changes occurring in the mechanical properties of facial skin were reviewed using a computerized suction method. A total of 200 healthy women, aged from 17 to 68 years, were enrolled. Data show a significant increase in skin extensibility and a significant decline in elasticity with ageing. These changes become obvious in women approaching 40 years.     

Distribution of simple phenols,phenolic acids and flavonoids in Turkish monovarietal extra virgin olive oils for two harvest years

Monovarietal extra virgin olive oils extracted from six dominant and economically important Turkish olive cultivars (memecik, erkence, domat, nizip-yaglik, gemlik, ayvalik) were examined for their simple phenolics, phenolic acids and flavonoid compounds over 2005 and 2006 harvest years. Total phenol contents, oxidative stabilities and chromatic ordinates as colour parameters were also measured. The most typical phenolic compounds that were identified in both years are hydroxytyrosol, tyrosol, vanillic acid, p-coumaric acid, cinnamic acid, luteolin, and apigenin. Multivariate data were analysed by principal component and partial least square-discriminant analyses. It was observed that phenolic profiles of olive oils depended highly on harvest season. In addition, oils of different olive cultivars have different distribution of phenols. No significant correlation was observed between oxidative stability and phenolic compounds. Increase in peroxide value over an accelerated oxidation period of 11 days showed weak correlations with total phenol content, vanillin, syringic acid and colour parameter a^∗, as 0.56, 0.55, −0.42, and 0.51, respectively, in terms of correlation coefficient r.     

SLW model for computational fluid dynamics modeling of combustion systems: Implementation and validation

ABSTRACT

Spectral Line-Based Weighted Sum of Gray Gases (SLW) model was implemented to Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Solver, ANSYS FLUENT. Discrete Ordinate Method (DOM) available in ANSYS FLUENT was used as Radiative Transfer Equation (RTE) Solver. ANSYS FLUENT with SLW was applied to the prediction of incident heat fluxes for three test problems; two containing isothermal homogenous/nonhomogenous water vapor and one isothermal water vapor/carbon dioxide mixture. Predictive accuracy of SLW in ANSYS FLUENT was assessed by benchmarking its predictions against those of ray tracing (RT) with Statistical Narrow-Band (SNB) and Method of Lines (MOL) solutions of DOM with SLW. Comparisons reveal that the results of CFD code are in good agreement with the benchmark solutions. This finding proves that the use of DOM with SLW in CFD codes would provide more accurate solutions in studies involving gas combustion, where accuracy in spectral radiative properties plays dominant role in heat flux predictions.     

Optimization of osmotic dehydration of diced green peppers by response surface methodology

Osmotic dehydration of diced green peppers was optimized with respect to temperature (20-40 °C), time (15-600 min), salt (0-10 g/100 g) and sorbitol (0-10 g/100 g) concentrations through response surface methodology. Water loss (WL), solids gain (SG), salt uptake (SA) and sorbitol uptake (SO) were the responses in a 2⁴ central composite rotatable design. Models developed for all responses were significant (p ≤ 0.01) without significant lack of fit. Results suggested that optimum processing conditions of 5.5 g salt/100 g and 6 g sorbitol/100 g at 30 °C after 240 min would result in WL = 23.3%, SG = 4.1%, SA = 8 g/100 g dry pepper and SO = 2.4 g/100 ml extract.     

Classification of Turkish olive oils with respect to cultivar,geographic origin and harvest year,using fatty acid profile and mid-IR spectroscopy

Fatty acid composition and mid-infrared spectra of olive oils in combination with chemometric techniques were used in the classification of Turkish olive oils with respect to their varieties, growing location and harvest year. In particular, olive oil samples belonging to five different cultivars were obtained from the same orchard in the middle part of Aegean region and two of these varieties were also received from another orchard in northern part of the same region of Turkey in two consecutive harvest years. Evaluation of nine different fatty acid compositions with principal component analysis revealed clear differentiation with respect to variety, geographical origin and harvest year. On the other hand, mid-infrared spectra also achieved varietal and seasonal discrimination to some extent, but differentiation is not as clear as that obtained using fatty acid compositions.