The effect of short cardio on inhibitory control ability of obese people

To study the effect of short cardio on obese male college students’ inhibitory control ability, we investigate difference on brain activation patterns before and after short cardio by analyzing the resting state fMRI data. The experiment results of this study show that short cardio can improve the inhibitory control ability of obese people.     

Insights into the Influence of Work Functions of Cathodes on Efficiencies of Perovskite Solar Cells

Though various efforts on modification of electrodes are still undertaken to improve the efficiency of perovskite solar cells, attributing to the large scope of these methods, it is of significance to unveil the working principle systematically. Herein, inverted perovskite solar cells based on indium tin oxide (ITO)/poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS)/CH₃NH₃PbI₃/phenyl‐C61‐butyric acid methyl ester (PC₆₁ BM)/buffer metal/Al are constructed. Through the choice of different buffer metals to tune work function of the cathode, the contact nature of the active layer with the cathode could be manipulated well. In comparison with the device using Au/Al as the electrode that shows an unfavorable band bending for conducting the excited electrons to the cathode, the one with Ca/Al presents a dramatically improved efficiency over 17.1%, ascribed to the favorable band bending at the interface of the cathode with the active layer. Details for tuning the band bending and the corresponding charge transfer mechanism are given in a systematic manner. Thus, a general guideline for constructing perovskite photovoltaic devices efficiently is provided.     

High Efficiency Poly(acrylonitrile) Electrospun Nanofiber Membranes for Airborne Nanomaterials Filtration

The potential of poly(acrylonitrile) electrospun membranes with tuneable pore size and fiber distributions were investigated for airborne fine‐particle filtration for the first time. The impact of solution concentration on final membrane properties are evaluated for the purpose of designing separation materials with higher separation efficiency. The properties of fibers and membranes are investigated systematically: the average pore distribution, as characterized by capillary flow porometry, and thermo‐mechanical properties of the mats are found to be dependent on fiber diameter and on specific electrospinning conditions. Filtration efficiency and pressure drop are calculated from measurement of penetration through the membranes using potassium chloride (KCl) aerosol particles ranging from 300 nm to 12 μm diameter. The PAN membranes exhibited separation efficiencies in the range of 73.8–99.78% and a typical quality factor 0.0224 (1 Pa^?1) for 12 wt% PAN with nanofibers having a diameter of 858 nm. Concerning air flow rate, the quality factor and filtration efficiency of the electrospun membranes at higher face velocity are much more stable than for commercial membranes. The results suggest that the structure of electrospun membranes is the best for air filtration in terms of filtration stability at high air flow rate.

     

羰基铁粉表面改性及其热稳定性研究

采用硅烷偶联剂对羰基铁颗粒进行表面改性,研究改性羰基铁粉的热稳定性,利用扫描电镜、红外光谱、差热分析等分析手段,对羰基铁粉表面改性效果和机理进行系统分析。结果表明:经过硅烷偶联剂改性之后的羰基铁粉红外图谱出现了Si—O—Si和Si—O—Fe的特征峰,说明硅烷偶联剂与羰基铁颗粒表面发生化学键合作用;改性后的羰基铁粉与未改性羰基铁粉相比,其分散性和抗氧化能力得到了明显提高。     

An Improved Differential Fault Analysis on Block Cipher KLEIN-64

KLEIN-64 is a lightweight block cipher designed for resource-constrained environment, and it has advantages in software performance and hardware implementation. Recent investigation shows that KLEIN-64 is vulnerable to differential fault attack (DFA). In this paper, an improved DFA is performed to KLEIN-64. It is found that the differential propagation path and the distribution of the S-box can be fully utilized to distinguish the correct and wrong keys when a half-byte fault is injected in the 10^th round. By analyzing the difference matrix before the last round of S-box, the location of fault injection can be limited to a small range. Thus, this improved analysis can greatly improve the attack efficiency. For the best case, the scale of brute-force attack is only 256. While for the worst case, the scale of brute-force attack is far less than 2³² with another half byte fault injection, and the probability for this case is 1/64. Furthermore, the measures for KLEIN-64 in resisting the improved DFA are proposed.     

Uncovering the Potential of M1-Site-Activated NASICON Cathodes for Zn-Ion Batteries

There is a long-standing consciousness that the rhombohedral NASICON-type compounds as promising cathodes for Li⁺/Na⁺ batteries should have inactive M1(6b) sites with ion (de)intercalation occurring only in the M2 (18e) sites. Of particular significance is that M1 sites active for charge/discharge are commonly considered undesirable because the ion diffusion tends to be disrupted by the irregular occupation of channels, which accelerates the deterioration of battery. However, it is found that the structural stability can be substantially improved by the mixed occupation of Na⁺/Zn²⁺ at both M1 and M2 when using NaV₂(PO₄)₃ (NVP) as a cathode for Zn-ion batteries. The results of atomic-scale scanning transmission electron microscopy, analysis of ab initio molecular dynamics simulations, and an accurate bond-valence-based structural model reveal that the improvement is due to the facile migration of Zn²⁺ in NVP, which is enabled by a concerted Na⁺/Zn²⁺ transfer mechanism. In addition, significant improvement of the electronic conductivity and mechanical properties is achieved in Zn²⁺-intercalated ZnNaV₂(PO₄)₃ in comparison with those of Na₃V₂(PO₄)₃. This work not only provides in-depth insight into Zn²⁺ intercalation and dynamics in NVP unlocked by activating the M1 sites, but also opens a new route toward design of improved NASICON cathodes.     

低温微创手术液氮传输过程的压力和传热分析

在低温微创手术中,采用液氮作低温工质,对肿瘤组织进行低温冷冻,为了能精确控制低温治疗探针的温度,需要了解冷疗手术过程中液氮传输的工况.对液氮在输送管中压力和传热进行分析计算,结果表明:低温流体在传输中气、液两相成分比决定于换热和流动阻力,通过对影响换热和压降的主要因素进行试验,从而获得合理的传输模式.     

开孔泡沫金属热传输性能研究进展

介绍了开孔泡沫金属的结构特点,分别从紧凑型换热器、相变储能系统、热管以及催化反应器四个方面的应用分析了国内外开孔泡沫金属热传输性能应用研究现状,指出了泡沫金属在这些领域应用的前景和存在的问题,提出了今后开孔泡沫金属热传输性能的研究及应用方向。