超分散剂对重质碳酸钙的两亲性改性研究

采用聚酯型两亲超分散剂对超细重质碳酸钙填料进行表面改性。借助傅里叶红外光谱、旋转黏度仪、激光粒度仪和电子扫描电镜等对碳酸钙的改性效果进行了分析表征。结果表明:聚酯型两亲超分散剂对重质碳酸钙的改性效果良好,与未改性的碳酸钙相比,改性后的碳酸钙粒径分布变窄,吸油值降低,改性碳酸钙与液体石蜡的相容性好,在聚乙烯和水中都能均匀分散,体现了良好的亲油亲水性能。     

Effects of light wavelength and intensity on the production of ethanol by Saccharomyces cerevisiae in batch cultures

BACKGROUND: Photoreceptors have been identified in Saccharomyces cerevisae, however, the influence of light on the performance of ethanol fermentation of S. cerevisiae is not yet clear. The aims of this study are to elucidate the influence of light wavelength and intensity on the growth and ethanol production of S. cerevisiae and to describe a novel two‐stage LED light process to optimize ethanol fermentation. RESULTS: Experimental results indicated that maximum biomass concentration X_max of the batch under red LED light increased monotonically with light intensity, and the optimal specific product yield Y_p/x was 13.2 g g^?1 at 600 lux. Maximum ethanol concentration P_max of the batch under blue LED light increased monotonically with light intensity, and the optimal Y_p/x was 18.4 g g^?1 at 900 lux. A novel two‐stage LED light process achieved maximum P_max, of 98.7 g dm^?3 resulting in 36% improvement compared with that of the batch in the dark. CONCLUSION: The light wavelength and its intensity significantly affected cell growth and ethanol formation of S. cerevisiae. Red LED light (630 nm) stimulated cell growth but slightly inhibited ethanol formation. In contrast, blue LED light (470 nm) significantly inhibited cell growth but stimulated ethanol formation. A novel two‐stage LED light process has been successfully demonstrated to optimize ethanol fermentation of S. cerevisiae. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry     

丁烯齐聚酸性催化剂的研究进展

介绍了丁烯在酸性催化剂上齐聚的反应机理,并以固体磷酸催化剂、分子筛催化剂、负载型催化剂和酸性树脂催化剂为线索,评述了国内、外用于丁烯齐聚反应的酸性催化剂的研究进展。     

Purification and biochemical characterization of an intracellular lipase by Rhizopus chinensis under solid‐state fermentation and its potential application in the production of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)

BACKGROUND: Purification and characterization of an intracellular lipase produced by Rhizopus chinenesis cultured in solid‐state fermentation was investigated. The potential application in concentrating eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) from fish oil by the pure enzyme was also studied. RESULTS: Through four successive purification steps, the enzyme was purified to homogeneity with an apparent molecular mass of 36 kDa. The lipase was active for pH between 7.0 and 9.0 and temperatures 20–45 °C. Lipase activity was slightly increased in the presence of Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺, but strongly inhibited by Hg²⁺ and SDS. The pure enzyme was most active on medium chain p‐nitrophenol esters, with the highest activity towards pNP‐caprylate (C8). The enzyme is a non‐specific lipase, because it cleaved not only the 1,3‐positioned ester bonds but also the 2‐positioned bond in triolein. High EPA (17.6%) and DHA (32.9%) contents were achieved using the pure lipase (100 U) within 10 h. CONCLUSION: The enzymatic activity of the lipase on a wide variety of substrates and its stability in the presence of some organic solvents suggest that the lipase should be investigated for a range of commercial applications. The pure lipase was proved to possess potential ability for the production and concentration of EPA and DHA from fish oil. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry     

基于联合分类器过滤噪声的微博主题发现

伴随着互联网的广泛流行,以微博为代表的社交网络产生了大量的数据. 从这些数据中挖掘到有用的信息成为当今研究的一项重要方向. 根据微博文本的特点,本文提出来一种基于联合分类器过滤掉噪声微博,然后利用LDA模型进行主题发现. 联合分类器模型是由朴素贝叶斯、支持向量机和决策树三种模型通过简单投票机制结合构成的,实验结果联合分类器的准确度达到87%,显然这种分类方法是可行的,也是有效的.     

直流输电线路下地面合成电场的无线同步测量系统研究

受电晕放电及环境气候的影响,直流输电线路下的地面合成电场大小会在一定范围内随机变化,研制方便、有效的地面合成电场同步测量系统对直流线路电磁环境研究和评价具有重要意义。研制了基于ZigBee的地面合成电场分布式无线测量系统。分析了无线测量网络的节点构成和组网过程,重点分析了基于同步广播报文的节点时间同步方法和基于改进时分多址接入ftimedivisionmultipleaccess,TDMA）机制的数据传输协议,其以很小的算法开销和能量开销实现了电场数据的同步采集与可靠传输。现场测量试验证明：该电场测量系统操作方便,测量结果能准确反映地面合成电场的实际分布情况。     

绿色制造与再制造技术研究与发展

简要概述了绿色制造和再制造技术的内涵，国内外技术发展概况、存在问题，并针对我国国情初步提出未来发展重点和建议。     

基于无线传感器网络的特高压直流输电线路合成电场智能监测系统研究

特高压直流输电线路的地面合成电场是评价电磁环境的重要参数,因其受环境气候等因素影响而随机变化,在对其研究和评价时需进行长时间测量。为此利用无线传感器网络灵活度高、移动性强的优势,结合多智能体技术研制了合成电场智能监测系统。系统中各节点智能体根据监测电场强弱和剩余能量控制自身状态的转换,同时与系统中其他节点智能体交互信息来动态成簇,自组织地通过协作共同完成监测任务。针对系统中基于多智能体的自组织机制进行了能耗分析。最后将合成电场智能监测系统应用于工程实测,验证了该智能系统的可行性和自组织机制在节能方面的有效性。     

一种具有功率耦合电路的无电解电容LED驱动电源

为解决LED驱动电源寿命短的问题,提出一种PFC+Buck/Boost的无电解电容LED驱动电源方案。PFC采用常用的Boost型电路结构,控制方法采用简单的CRM控制方式,Buck-Boost双向变换器与LED负载并联,替代电解电容器实现电源交流输入侧和直流输出侧的瞬时功率不平衡的功率耦合功能。设计了PFC的CRM控制策略和双向变换器的固定占空比控制策略,建立了Saber仿真实验模型。仿真研究结果表明,该电路的功率因数达到0.9以上,输出电流和输出电压具有很好的稳定性。     

巴西砂矿金刚石产地特征及比较研究

金刚石产地来源的确定是国际性难题,其中由于砂矿金刚石可能存在搬运过程的混合,其产地来源的确定更加具有争议性。巴西金刚石绝大部分来源于砂矿,从成矿地质背景、形貌和颜色、内部结构、矿物包裹体、微量元素、C同位素组成分布等六个要素总结分析了巴西金刚石研究的相关成果,为国际砂矿来源金刚石产地辨识提供参考。研究结果显示,巴西大部分矿区金刚石的特征与世界范围其它矿区的相似,以橄榄岩型为主,难以相互区分。但其中Juina地区和Machado河产地的金刚石具有独特的氮含量(无氮的Ⅱ型为主)和聚集状态,内部结构、矿物包裹体组合及温压环境特征均显示出深部地幔来源的特点,和巴西其它产地具有一定的区分度。与世界范围不同产地砂矿来源金刚石的基本特征对比显示,不同国家具体地区砂矿金刚石在上述不同要素的组合上存在一定的差异性,但总体上要借助现有资料进行产地来源的准确判断还非常困难,需要进行更深入细致的工作。