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33.
M Sasaki Y Hattori F Tomita K Moriishi M Kanno T Kohya K Oguma A Kitabatake 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1998,125(8):1651-1660
1. The aim of this study was to determine whether different signal transduction mechanisms underlie the Ca2+ sensitizing effects of guanosine 5'-O-(3-thiotriphosphate) (GTP(gamma)S) and receptor agonists on beta-escin-skinned smooth muscle of rabbit mesenteric artery. 2. In the homogenate of the beta-escin-skinned arterial strip, C3 exoenzyme of Clostridium botulinum catalyzed the [32P]-ADP-ribosylation of only one protein that had the same molecular mass as the protein detected in Western blots with anti-rho p21 antibody. Pretreatment of preparations with C3 resulted in great inhibition of GTP(gamma)S-induced Ca2+ sensitization, although the effect of GTP(gamma)S at higher concentrations (> or = 30 microM) was not completely blocked by this treatment. In contrast, the enhancement by phenylephrine and histamine, in the presence of guanosine 5'-triphosphate, of the Ca2+-induced contraction was not affected by C3 pretreatment. 3. The protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitors calphostin C and staurosporine completely eliminated the enhancement by phorbol ester 12,13-dibutyrate of the Ca2+-induced contraction. However, these PKC inhibitors had no effect on GTP(gamma)S- and receptor agonist-induced Ca2+ sensitization. 4. The tyrosine kinase inhibitors genistein and tyrphostin 25 caused an irreversible and complete block of the enhancement by GTP(gamma)S of the Ca2+-induced contraction without affecting this Ca2+ contraction. The inactive genistein analogue daidzein did not modify the effect of GTP(gamma)S. The Ca2+ sensitizing effects of phenylephrine and histamine were also blocked by these tyrosine kinase inhibitors. 5. These results suggest that rho p21 predominantly mediates GTP(gamma)S-induced Ca2+ sensitization of beta-escin-skinned smooth muscle of rabbit mesenteric artery, while the Ca2+ sensitizing actions of heterotrimeric G protein-coupled receptor agonists do not involve this small G protein. However, it seems that tyrosine phosphorylation, but not PKC activation, plays an important role in both of the rho p21 protein- and heterotrimeric G protein-mediated Ca2+ sensitization mechanisms. 相似文献
34.
K Yoshida M Yoshimoto K Sasaki T Ohnishi T Ushiki J Hitomi S Yamamoto M Sigeno 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1998,74(4):1654-1657
A new stable substrate applicable to the observation of DNA molecules by atomic force microscopy (AFM) was fabricated from a ultrasmooth sapphire (alpha-Al2O3 single crystal) plate. The atomically ultrasmooth sapphire as obtained by high-temperature annealing has hydrophobic surfaces and could not be used for the AFM observation of DNA. However, sapphire treated with Na3PO4 aqueous solution exhibited a hydrophilic character while maintaining a smooth surface structure. The surface of the wet-treated sapphire was found by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and AFM to be approximately 0.3 nm. The hydrophilic surface character of the ultrasmooth sapphire plate made it easy for DNA molecules to adhere to the plate. Circular molecules of the plasmid DNA could be imaged by AFM on the hydrophilic ultrasmooth sapphire plate. 相似文献
35.
Criteria for evaluating flexibility of a generation mix are presented, and an efficient computational algorithm for determining a flexible generation mix considering uncertainties in the power system expansion planning is developed. The flexible generation mix problem is formulated as a multiobjective optimization problem and solved by the dynamic programming technique in which type of generation plant is selected as a stage and generation capacity is selected as a state. The proposed method can treat easily not only the uncertainties but also many constraints of generation planning such as integer solutions of generation capacities, reliability constraints, and so on. The effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed method are demonstrated on a typical power system model 相似文献
36.
Takashi Hayashi Makoto Mihoya Iwao Yamai Hajime Saito Shin-Ichi Hirano 《Journal of Materials Science》1987,22(4):1305-1309
Needle-like or wool-like Al2O3 whiskers can be grown on a substrate by the hydrolysis of aluminium fluoride vapour. Effects of the growth conditions on the morphology of the crystals and growth processes of the whisker were investigated, and the optimum growth condition of whiskers was examined. Adequate vapour pressure conditions of the reactant gases for the growth of the wool-like whisker were found to be
. Aluminium oxyfluoride was assumed to be the most probable intermediate species for the growth of Al2O3 whiskers. A variety of crystal morphologies are also shown and described with respect to the experimental conditions. 相似文献
37.
The generation of surface roughness during slurry erosion-corrosion and its effect on the pitting potential 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Results of experiments performed to isolate the effect of surface roughness generated during slurry erosion-corrosion of 304L stainless steel are presented. Surfaces prepared by grinding to different finishes show that increasing the roughness lowers the pitting potential in chloride solution. Subsequent erosion by an aqueous sand slurry then alters this pitting potential (Ep), as measured in the solution phase alone, in a manner dependent on the initial surface roughness. Surfaces which were initially rougher show a pronounced rise in p after erosion, while those with an initially smoother finish show a fall in Ep after erosion. Measurement of Ep during erosion-corrosion does not fit either process, with values of Ep lower than those predicted from the surface roughness alone. 相似文献
38.
J. I. Zhao K. Saito T. Kondo H. Narahara S. Igarashi T. Sasaki Lei Zhang 《International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture》1995,35(12):1683-1692
This paper presents original research results of automatic polishing on curved surfaces of aluminium alloy moulds at constant pressure. The automatic polishing of aluminium alloy material is achieved. A parameter S is defined, which can express the comprehensive influential factors in the automatic polishing process and give a relationship among the polishing quality and the various machining variables. Based on this, a new method for comprehensive control of polishing quality is suggested. 相似文献
39.
Effect of Composition on the Oxygen Tracer Diffusion in Transparent Yttrium Aluminium Garnet (YAG) Ceramics 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Isao Sakaguchi Hajime Haneda Junzo Tanaka Takakimi Yanagitani 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》1996,79(6):1627-1632
The grain boundary structure and oxygen tracer diffusion in transparent yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG) ceramics varying from 2% excess of Y2 O3 to 0.5% excess of Al2 O3 were studied. The characterization of the specimens is as follows: (i) For the Y2 O3 -excess specimen, a second phase (yttrium aluminum perovskite: YAP) containing silicon in the grain boundary was found, (ii) For the Al2 O3 -excess specimen, both aluminum-rich particles (alumina) and a silicon-rich segregant layer were observed in the grain boundary. The volume diffusion of the oxygen tracer is little influenced by the excess composition. In contrast, the grain boundary diffusion of the oxygen tracer is suppressed in the Y2 O3 -excess specimens, compared to Al2 O3 -excess specimens. These differences are thought to result from the chemical reaction between the second phase and the intergranular liquid phase during the sintering. 相似文献
40.
The electrochemical behaviour of silver/silver oxides electrodes in 1 N KOH or 1 N KOH + methanol have been studied by measuring current-potential and impedance-potential curves under the potential sweep in the cathodic direction starting from the AgO formation region.Two specific anodic current peaks A and X were observed in current-potential curves. It was concluded that X was due to the incomplete oxidation of Ag2O to AgO under the anodic sweep or due to the partial decomposition of AgO layer, and A was due to the catalytic reaction of AgO with methanol followed by the electrochemical oxidation of Ag2O to AgO.The values of the impedance tend to decrease in the vicinity of the peak A at the low frequency, which may be attributed to the reduction of AgO with methanol. 相似文献