Application of FeOC1 derivatives as cathode materials for secondary lithium battery II. Comparison of the discharge and charge characteristics of γ-FeOOH prepared from the intercalation compound of FeOC1 and 4-aminopyridine with those of FeOOH intercalated with aniline (a-FeOOH(AN))

The discharge and charge characteristics of γ-FeOOH products prepared from the intercalation compound of FeOC1 and 4-aminopyridine were investigated in lithium cells and compared with those of FeOOH prepared from the intercalation compound of FeOC1 and aniline (a-FeOOH(AN)). The polarization of γ-FeOOH cathode during the discharge and charge were larger than those of an a-FeOOH(AN) cathode. The electrochemical characteristics of the FeOOH products depend on the amorphous nature of the cathode material.     

Hemispherical grained Si formation on in-situ phosphorus dopedamorphous-Si electrode for 256 Mb DRAM's capacitor

The cylindrical capacitor structure with hemispherical grained-Si (HSG-Si) described here reliably achieves a cell capacitance of 30 fF in a 0.4 μm-high storage electrode with a cell area of a 0.72 μm² for 256 Mbit dynamic random access memory. An HSG-Si formation technology using Si₂H₆-molecule irradiation and annealing enables control of the grain density and grain size of HSG-Si fabricated selectively on the whole surface of phosphorus-doped amorphous Si cylindrical electrodes     

Intake of different eicosapentaenoic acid-containing lipids and fatty acid pattern of plasma lipids in the rats

The ethyl ester of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) is the only pure EPA-containing lipid available in bulk for oral administration. However, there is doubt as to whether EPA ethyl ester can efficiently increase the plasma levels of EPA in comparison with the ability of other kinds of EPA-containing lipids to do so. Therefore, two other kinds of EPA-containing lipids were prepared to study the efficiency of oral administration of those lipids for increasing the EPA content in plasma phospholipids and cholesteryl esters. EPA-containing lipids which were investigated were [A], 1,2,3-trieicosapentaenoyl-glycerol, [B] 2-eicosapentaenoyl-phosphatidylcholine and [C] ethyl ester of EPA. An adjusted amount of lipids [A], [B] and [C] was administered to rats through a gastric tube for 4 days (the first experiment) or for 10 days (the second experiment), and the fatty acid composition of plasma phospholipids and cholesteryl esters was determined. In the first experiment, there were no significant differences in the efficiency for increasing EPA levels in either phospholipids or cholesteryl esters among the lipids. In the second experiment, the EPA levels of both plasma phospholipids and cholesteryl esters of rats administered ethyl ester of EPA were significantly higher than those of rats administered 2-eicosapentaenoyl-phosphatidylcholine. The EPA levels of the rats administered 1,2,3-trieicosapentaenoylglycerol were between the levels of the two groups mentioned above, but the differences in the EPA levels were not significant. Although an ethyl ester-type molecule is not a naturally occurring lipid, ethyl ester of EPA is equal to 1,2,3-trieicosapentaenoyl-glycerol and appears to be superior to 2-eicosapentaenoyl-phosphatidylcholine as to the efficiency for increasing EPA levels in total plasma phospholipids and plasma cholesteryl esters.     

Synthesis and characterization of poly(N-tert-alkylmaleimide)s

N-tert-Butylmaleimide (tBMI) polymerized readily in the presence of a radical initiator in spite of its bulky N-substituent to give a high molecular weight and less-flexible poly(substituted methylene). From kinetic investigation for the polymerization of tBMI with 2,2-azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) in benzene, it was revealed that the rate of polymerization (R _p) was expressed as R _p=k [AIBN]^0.51[tBMI]^1.4, and the overall activation energy was 99.6 kJ/mol. The high polymerization of tBMI was assumed to result from the decrease in the rate of bimolecular termination between rigid polymer radicals bearing a bulky substituent. The flexibility of the polymer chain was examined by the viscometric and light scattering methods, and the effect on the polymerization reactivity was discussed.