钨丝／Zr基金属玻璃复合材料的界面反应与扩散

采用渗流铸造工艺制备了钨丝增强不同Nb含量的Zr基金属玻璃复合材料，利用X-Ray衍射、扫描电镜以及电子探针考察了复合材料界面反应和界面扩散情况，研究了基体合金中的Nb含量对复合材料界面反应和界面扩散的影响。结果表明：对Zr55Al10Ni5Cu30基复合材料，渗流时，钨丝与液相中的Zr发生界面包晶反应，生成W5Zr3界面相，并使界面位置向液相方向移动。在Zr55Al10Ni5Cu30合金的基础上添加Nb，发现Nb优先在钨丝界面偏聚，降低了Zr在钨丝界面的偏聚和活度，抑制钨丝与液相中的Zr包晶反应的发生，没有生成W5Zr3界面相，界面处只存在简单的扩散层。同时发现Zr元素在钨丝中的扩散系数降低，此时界面位置向钨丝方向移动。     

两面顶金刚石单晶耐热性分析

本文通过热失重（TGA），示差扫描量热（DSC）法，扫描电镜（SEM），热侵蚀等方法分析了国产两面顶压机合成的金刚石单晶在空气中的耐热性。还分析了热侵蚀后金刚石的形貌变化并进行了抗压强度，T1、TT1的测量，将国产金刚石与进口金刚石作了大量的对比试验，发现两者的耐热性非常接近。发现金刚石的起始氧化温度在700℃左右，此时开始失重；剧烈氧化温度在850％左右，此时失重最为严重。在加热温度超过1200℃时在DSC图中出现了第二个放热峰，表明金刚石在受热温度超过1200℃时经历了第二次剧烈氧化阶段。这可能是由于在高温下触媒的反催化作用引起的。这为金刚石工具制造者及使用者提供了参考价值。     

高精度直齿圆柱齿轮冷锻成形加工方法的研究

针对真齿圆柱齿轮冷成形难度大的问题,提出了闭式镦挤－－约束孔分流两步成形实用化工艺方案和基于变位理论的齿形凹模修正设计方法,并对１５、４５、２０ＣｒＭｎＴｉ钢质直齿圆柱齿轮冷精锻工艺进行了系统研究。研究结果表明,两步成形法是降低直齿圆柱齿轮冷精锻成形力的有效方法,提出的齿形凹模修正设计方法可获得较高的齿形精度。     

Role of TRPA1 in Tissue Damage and Kidney Disease

TRPA1, a nonselective cation channel, is expressed in sensory afferent that innervates peripheral targets. Neuronal TRPA1 can promote tissue repair, remove harmful stimuli and induce protective responses via the release of neuropeptides after the activation of the channel by chemical, exogenous, or endogenous irritants in the injured tissue. However, chronic inflammation after repeated noxious stimuli may result in the development of several diseases. In addition to sensory neurons, TRPA1, activated by inflammatory agents from some non-neuronal cells in the injured area or disease, might promote or protect disease progression. Therefore, TRPA1 works as a molecular sentinel of tissue damage or as an inflammation gatekeeper. Most kidney damage cases are associated with inflammation. In this review, we summarised the role of TRPA1 in neurogenic or non-neurogenic inflammation and in kidney disease, especially the non-neuronal TRPA1. In in vivo animal studies, TRPA1 prevented sepsis-induced or Ang-II-induced and ischemia-reperfusion renal injury by maintaining mitochondrial haemostasis or via the downregulation of macrophage-mediated inflammation, respectively. Renal tubular epithelial TRPA1 acts as an oxidative stress sensor to mediate hypoxia–reoxygenation injury in vitro and ischaemia–reperfusion-induced kidney injury in vivo through MAPKs/NF-kB signalling. Acute kidney injury (AKI) patients with high renal tubular TRPA1 expression had low complete renal function recovery. In renal disease, TPRA1 plays different roles in different cell types accordingly. These findings depict the important role of TRPA1 and warrant further investigation.     

Analysis of ZTE MRI application to sandstone and carbonate

Microtomography (μCT) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) have been used to characterize porous media for decades. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) enables direct visualization of pore architecture and many pulse sequences exist. In this work, we tested the MRI pulse sequence Zero Echo Time (ZTE) to study sandstone and carbonate for its ability to address short relaxation times. We aimed at resolving two fluid conduit scales, that is, pores and fractures. In this research, we study tighter porous systems than those previously reported using ZTE. Additionally, pore cluster analysis (PCA), combined with ZTE, can be used to analyze pore-fracture connectivity of relatively large core plugs. We show that ZTE can resolve two-scale pore systems simultaneously, that is, fractures and pores. By combining time-domain NMR pore-size analysis and PCA, we show that careful selection of resolution is necessary to understand transport in porous media.     

Preparation, microstructure and mechanical properties of Zr-based bulk amorphous alloys containing tungsten

A new Zr-based bulky amorphous alloys containing W are designed and prepared by using the combined technique of jet and water-cooled copper mold casting. XRD, DSC and SEM analysis are conducted to investigate the microstructure, the supercooled liquid region ΔT_x (=T_x−T_g), and thermal stability of the new bulk metallic glass system. The effects of the addition of W and the increase of Cu content on the glass forming ability (GFA) and thermal stability are discussed. Compressive experiments were also carried out to study the Young's modulus, compressive fracture strength and elongation of the new alloys. The fracture characterization and mechanism of the new bulk amorphous alloys are discussed in detail.     

稀土元素添加对铁基非晶复合材料腐蚀行为影响

采用工业原料经包覆剂(CaO-Fe₂O₃-SiO₂)处理制备Fe-15Mn-5Si-14Cr-0.2C非晶复合材料棒状试样,添加稀土元素Ce、Dy及Ce+Dy,通过XRD研究稀土元素对微观组织的影响;采用电化学工作站三电极体系测试试样在1mol/L的HCl及1mol/L的NaOH中的腐蚀行为。结果表明：合金在添加稀土元素的组织依然为非晶复合材料(过冷奥氏体相CFe_15.1+ 铁素体相Fe-Cr),加入1%Ce的试样在HCl及NaOH的耐蚀性均为最佳,在HCl中自腐蚀电位为-0.16205V,自腐蚀电流密度为7.6999×10^₈A.cm^_-2,极化阻值达到9.5774×10^₈Ω.cm^₂,在NaOH自腐蚀电位和自腐蚀电流密度为-0.1839V,1.7453×10^_-8A.cm^_-2,极化阻值为7.1574×10^₈Ω.cm^₂,耐蚀性远优于AISI304,是潜力巨大的耐蚀材料。     

GH4169合金中laves相初熔温度与升温速率关系研究

利用共聚焦激光扫描显微镜动态原位地观察了GH4169合金在不同升温速率下laves相的初熔过程,研究了laves相的升温速率与初熔温度的关系,得出了一级均匀化过程中适宜的升温速率范围为5～10℃/min,为生产提供科学参考.     

鹤壁电厂除灰系统改造中的问题及处理措施

介绍鹤壁电厂 2× 2 0 0 MW机组由原水力除灰系统改造为正压气力除灰系统的设备配置、输灰方式、系统控制与调试以及生产中存在的主要问题 ,并就存在的问题提出了改进意见 ,为相同类型干除灰系统的优化设计、完善改造及提高除灰系统运行可靠性和经济性提供参考。     

基于虚拟正交试验的Inconel690合金大口径厚壁管挤压工艺仿真

研究挤压成形参数影响规律并确定合理的参数取值范围,是开发难变形合金大型型材挤压工艺技术和挤压过程精细化控制,以及大吨位(如2万吨)挤压机的研发、调试及应用迫切需要开展的重要内容。基于DEFORM-2D平台,以规格为Ф420mm×60mm的难变形Inconel690合金管材穿孔针挤压为研究对象,建立了适用、可靠的无缝管材穿孔针挤压过程的有限元仿真模型;选取挤压比λ、模角α、定径带长度h、坯料初始温度T、挤压速度v等重要成形参数为影响因素,以坯料温度峰值Tmax、坯料金属损伤峰值Dmax、模口坯料金属流速均方差Fsdv和挤压力峰值Lmax为衡量指标,开展了基于模拟仿真的虚拟正交试验研究。结果表明,影响Tmax、Dmax、Fsdv、Lmax的因素主次顺序分别为:T>v>λ>h>α、α>v≈λ>T>h、h>v>T>α>λ、λ>T>α>v>h;综合考虑成形管材质量、挤压力等因素,获得了2万吨难变形合金卧式挤压机上挤压该规格Inconel690合金管材的合理成形参数取值范围为:λ=5.74～6.37、α=35～45°、h=60～120mm、T=1080～1180℃、v=150～250mm/s。