A Generalized Crystallographic Description of All Tellurium Nanostructures

Despite tellurium being less abundant in the Earth's crust than gold, platinum, or rare‐earth elements, the number of industrial applications of tellurium has rapidly increased in recent years. However, to date, many properties of tellurium and its associated compounds remain unknown. For example, formation mechanisms of many tellurium nanostructures synthesized so far have not yet been verified, and it is unclear why tellurium can readily transform to other compounds like silver telluride by simply mixing with solutions containing silver ions. This uncertainty appears to be due to previous misunderstandings about the tellurium structure. Here, a new approach to the tellurium structure via synthesized structures is proposed. It is found that the proposed approach applies not only to these structures but to all other tellurium nanostructures. Moreover, some unique tellurium nanostructures whose formation mechanism are, until now, unconfirmed can be explained.     

Coordination mechanism based on mobile actuator design for wireless sensor and actuator networks

Wireless sensor and actuator networks combine a large number of sensors and a lower number of actuators that are connected with wireless medium, providing distributed sensing and executing appropriate tasks in a special region of interest. To accomplish effective sensing and acting tasks, efficient coordination mechanism among the nodes is required. As an attempt in this direction, this paper develops a collaborative control and estimation mechanism, which addresses the nodes coordination in a distributed manner. First, we propose a regional controllability‐based virtual force algorithm as an actuator deployment strategy to enhance area coverage after an initial random placement of actuators. During this process, a dynamic coordination mechanism is adopted to control nodes. This mechanism incorporates two components, namely, proportional‐integral‐derivative neural network and recursive least squares‐based Kalman filter algorithms. Taking advantage of feedback control and online learning technology, the proposed coordination mechanism schedules the corresponding nodes on the basis of the characteristics of current events, utilizes proportional‐integral‐derivative neural network controller inside each actuator to improve system transient and steady‐state responses, and deals with system state/parameter estimation problems according to the recursive least squares‐based Kalman filter algorithm, so as to achieve better control accuracy. Simulations demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed methods. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Studies on the fluorescence quenching of anthracenes by polysilane copolymers

In this article, the room-temperature solution fluorescence quenching of electron-deficient anthracenes such as 9-cyanoanthracene (CNA), 9,10-dicyanoanthracene (DCNA), and 9,10-dichloroanthracene (DCLA) by polysilane copolymers was studied. The fluorescence quenching data was in conformity with the Stern-Volmer equation F₀/F = 1 + K_sv[Q], the F₀/F−[Q] straight lines were drawn, and the fluorescence quenching constants K_sv were obtained. By measuring the fluorescence lifetimes of the anthracenes, the fluorescence quenching rate constants k_q were calculated. Based on experiments and references, we tentatively proposed that for the same polysilane copolymer quencher the fluorescence quenching was caused mainly by the polysilane Si—Si chain and affected in a small degree by the side substituents attached to the Si—Si chain. In addition, it was observed that the order of the fluorescence quenching rate constants k_q of the above three electron-deficient anthracenes by the same polysilane copolymer was DCNA > CNA > DCLA, which is just in keeping with that of their electron deficiency. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

冲击响应谱在惯导减振防冲设计中的应用

根据冲击原理,研究惯导减振系统在半正弦冲击激励下的响应特性,绘制了惯导系统在半正弦冲击激励下的冲击响应谱图。根据冲击响应谱图,可为惯导系统防冲设计提供正确、有效的理论依据,同时,为使减振器同时具备减振、防冲两种性能,冲击响应谱对于减振器关键参数选择、减振系统优化也具有重要应用价值。最后文章依据该研究结论,对某惯导系统进行了实际设计计算。     

耐事故UO2基复合燃料芯块的研发进展

对先进耐事故燃料（ATF）芯块的研发背景进行了概述,重点讨论了耐事故UO₂基复合燃料芯块的国内外研究现状,认为UN、U₃Si₂和ThO₂等燃料相是耐事故UO₂基复合燃料芯块中最具发展潜力的掺杂相,然而其最佳添加量及分布状态尚需结合多尺度数值模拟和实验研究的方法开展深入探索。      

强酸性离子交换树脂催化合成5-乙氧羰基-4-苯基-6-甲基-3,4-二氢嘧啶-2(H)-酮

在732型强酸性离子交换树脂催化下,以苯甲醛、乙酰乙酸乙酯与尿素为原料,一步合成了5-乙氧羰基-4-苯基-6-甲基-3,4-二氢嘧啶-2(H)-酮.优化的反应条件如下:苯甲醛、乙酰乙酸乙酯与尿素的摩尔比为1:3:2,732树脂用量为0.6 g,乙醇为溶剂,反应温度为80～84℃,反应时间为2 h.此时目标产物的收率为97.96%.     

烧成制度对BaTiO3介电性能的影响

烧成制度对BaTiO3质PTC陶瓷的介电性能有重要影响,详细讨论了烧成温度、保温时间、冷却速度以及烧结气氛等因素对BaTiO3质陶瓷室温电阻和PTC效应的影响,并对其影响机制给出了合理解释。研究结果表明,陶瓷的半导化与烧成温度密切相关,适当保温对传质有很大影响,冷却速度和烧结气氛对室温电阻和PTC效应有一定影响。     

碳纤维布加固RC梁非线性分析

通过建立不同材料的本构方程 ,对碳纤维布加固钢筋混凝土 (RC)梁进行了抗弯加固有限元计算。分析了粘贴不同层数、不同长度纤维布时钢筋混凝土梁受拉底面等效应力及纤维布应力分布情况 ,并与试验结果进行了比较分析 ,结果表明有限元计算结果与试验结果有较好的一致性 ,碳纤维布可以有效的抑制梁受拉区混凝土应力的发展 ,提高混凝土梁的承载刚度