关于随机变量函数的几个定理

在一般教科书中度献中对随机变量函数研究较少，本通过对随机变量函数研究．给出了有关随机变量函数的几个定理及证明。     

Study on Improving Solidification Structure of Rare Earth Al-Si Alloys with Electropulse Acting on Liquid Alloy

Electropulse modification (EPM) process, a new physical field method for improving the solidification structure of metals was introduced.Different from other research, EPM is only acting pulse current on melt under liquid state.The solidification structure of Al-Si alloys, A1-Cu alloys,cast iron and steel can be modified obviously with this method: the solidification structure of ZL101 alloy presented the Na and Sr modification and the mechanical properties were enhanced; a large number of primary silicon appeared in the microstructure of ZL109 alloy; the equiaxed grain zone was expanded and the grains were fined in Al-5.0wt% Cu alloy; the graphitization took place in solidification process of molten cast iron; the grain sizes of solidification structure of T8 steel were reduced significantly and the shape of steel pearlites also changed; the equiaxed grain zone increased to 88% from original untreated 19%, the equiaxed grains were fined and the intercrystalline crack was avoided in concasting billet by continuously treating liquid electrical sheet steel in tundish.Effects of rare earths on casting Al-Si alloys were also summarized.The method of modifying the solidification structure of rare earth Al-Si alloys with EPM in producing the alloys was proposed.     

Seismic Retrofit of Hollow Rectangular Bridge Columns

The seismic performance of rectangular hollow bridge columns is a significant issue of the high-speed rail project in Taiwan. The flexural ductility and shear capacity of such columns with the configuration of lateral reinforcement used in Taiwan have been studied recently. This paper reports that hollow rectangular bridge columns retrofitted with fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) sheets were tested under a constant axial load and a cyclically reversed horizontal load to investigate their seismic behavior, including flexural ductility, dissipated energy, and shear capacity. An analytical model was also developed to predict the moment-curvature curve of sections and the load-displacement relationship of columns. Based on the test results, the seismic behavior of such columns will be presented. The test results were also compared to the proposed analytical model. It was found that the ductility factors of the tested piers are in the range from 3.4 to 6.3, and the proposed analytical model can predict the load-displacement relationship of such columns with acceptable accuracy. All in all, FRP sheets can effectively improve both the ductility factor and shear capacity of hollow rectangular bridge columns.     

大亚湾和岭澳核电站外围辐射环境监督性监测

本文系统地介绍了广东省环境辐射研究监测中心自 1 994年以来对广东大亚湾和岭澳核电站外围辐射环境的监督性监测 ,包括监测方案、方法、质量保证、主要结果和结论。监测结果表明 :( 1 )核电站运行以来的气体排放未对厂区以外的大气和陆地环境产生可观测到的影响 ;( 2 )对于110mAg ,西大亚湾的海水中仅在 1 995年和 1 997年检测到高于探测限的样品 ,最大年平均浓度为 3 .1Bq/m3;西大亚湾的海底泥中只在 1 997年能被检测到 ,年平均值为 1 .0Bq/kg(干 ) ;西大亚湾的海洋生物中在 1 994、1 996和 1 997年检测到的活度浓度较高 ,珍珠贝、马尾藻和墨鱼中的最高年平均活度浓度分别为 2 .2、1 .7和 5 .8Bq/kg(鲜 ) ,1 997年以后随着排放量的下降而显著下降 ;( 3 )对于137Cs,1 994～ 1 998年西大亚湾海水样品中的活度浓度相对较高 ,年平均值最高的 1 995年为 4.6Bq/m3,1 999年以后与本底相当 ;137Cs在其他海洋介质中的活度浓度很低 ,且在本底涨落范围内变化 ;( 4 )对于西大亚湾海水中的3H ,只在核电站排放期间短时升高 ,3～ 5天后基本恢复到本底水平 ,实测年平均活度浓度在 0 .8～ 3 .4Bq/L之间     

数控系统中梯形图编辑软件研究及实现

针对目前PLC梯形图编辑软件的缺陷和不足,选用Borland C Builder作为开发语言,采用面向对象的设计方法,开发一种基于Windows 2000面向数控PLC的使用梯形图语言编写PLC程序的通用开发平台。该系统实现了对多种PLC的图形编辑和仿真,使用方便,提高了工作效率。     

扩展型制造物料清单视图构建及其演绎机制

为有效地满足生产中数据一致性、无冗余等需求,提出了一种新的扩展型制造物料清单视图,用以统一管理工艺部门和制造部门涉及的信息。在给出的物料清单视图定义的基础上,从结构、关联信息、属性三方面研究了扩展型制造物料清单视图的构建,并在关联信息类型划分的基础上将该视图划分为生产准备扩展型制造物料清单子视图和生产执行扩展型制造物料清单子视图,简要地阐述了两类视图的维护。从结构、关联信息、属性三方面研究了设计物料清单视图向生产准备扩展型制造物料清单子视图的演绎机制。最后,给出了在某工厂的应用实例。     

基于模糊逻辑的高速公路微观换道行为

为深入研究高速公路微观换道行为的决策过程,提高高速公路换道模型的真实性和有效性,将任意换道行为分为向左侧换道行为和向右侧换道行为,引入驾驶员性格影响因子和车辆类型参数,基于模糊逻辑推理构建任意性换道行为模型;同时,为增强换道行为的动态效果,构建高速公路自由状态下车速控制模型和跟车行为模型.仿真结果显示该任意性换道模型具有较好的真实性和有效性,表明向左侧换道行为模型和向右侧换道行为模型能准确反映高速公路微观换道行为的决策过程.     

Highly Efficient Pd/Tetraphosphine Catalytic System for Copper-Free Sonogashira Reactions of Aryl Bromides with Terminal Alkynes

Abstract  

In this study, an easily synthesized polydentate ligand N,N,N’,N’-tetra(diphenylphosphinomethyl)-1,2-ethylenediamine (1) in combination with [Pd(C₃H₅)Cl]₂ was found to be an active catalyst in copper-free Sonogashira reactions. Most substrates, including steric hindered phenyl bromides and heteroaryl bromides, could couple efficiently with terminal alkynes in the presence of low catalyst loading (0.1 mol%) and this catalytic system showed excellent functional group tolerance. The influence of water in this system was also preliminarily investigated via ³¹P NMR in situ; that is, appropriate water favors the reaction while excess hindered this reaction.     

Phase change characteristics of ethylene glycol solution‐based nanofluids for subzero thermal energy storage

Nanofluids, particularly water‐based nanofluids, have been extensively studied as liquid–solid phase change materials (PCMs) for thermal energy storage (TES). In this study, nanofluids with aqueous ethylene glycol (EG) solution as the base fluid are proposed as a novel PCM for cold thermal energy storage. Nanofluids were prepared by dispersing 0.1–0.4 wt% TiO₂ nanoparticles into 12, 22, and 34 vol.% EG solutions. The dispersion stability of the nanofluids was evaluated by Turbiscan Lab. The liquid–solid phase change characteristics of the nanofluids were also investigated. Phase change temperature (PCT), nucleation temperature, and half freezing time (HFT) were investigated in freezing experiments. Subcooling degree and HFT reduction were then calculated. Latent heat of solidification was measured using differential scanning calorimetry. Thermal conductivity was determined using the hot disk thermal constant analyzer. Experimental results show that the nanoparticles decreased the PCT of 34 vol.% EG solution but minimally influenced the PCT of 12 and 22 vol.% EG solutions. For all nanofluids, the nanoparticles decreased the subcooling degree, HFT, and latent heat but increased the thermal conductivity of the EG solutions. The mechanism of the improvement of the phase change characteristics and decrease in latent heat by the nanoparticles was discussed. The nanoparticles simultaneously served as nucleating agent that induced crystal nucleation and as impurities that disturbed the growth of water crystals in EG solution‐based nanofluids. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

施工组织管理在施工过程中的应用

施工组织设计在建筑行业的发展中起到了重要的作用，它极大地推动了建筑行业的迅猛发展，以适应时代的发展，提高整个企业的竞争力。本文就针对在施工过程中遇到的各种问题，进行了一系列地讨论和研究，提出了具体的合理化建议。