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971.
In this study, a health management program for a composite train carbody was developed using the acquired strain distributions from fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensor arrays. To determine appropriate locations for the FBG sensors, a finite element analysis (FEA) was executed. In this FEA, a FE model of the Korean tilting train (TTX) was used as a representative composite carbody train. The FEA results of various derailment situations and high speed operation on curved track were used as the database of each deformation case. In the last step, the health management program was produced using LabVIEW software. In this post-processing algorithm, the method of least squares was used to determine the difference between the FEA results and the acquired strains. This program shows the estimated deformations and plots of the acquired strains, as well as displaying an emergency indicator when necessary, all through post-processing of the strains. Finally, this FEM/FBG hybrid method was verified by several simulations using the reproductive sensor data. 相似文献
972.
973.
Ho Seong Lee Hyun Mi Lee Jun-Young Park Hyung-Tae Lim 《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2018,43(49):22511-22518
This study investigated the effect of H2S concentration (5, 10 and 50 ppm) on the degradation and performance of Ni-YSZ anode supported solid oxide fuel cells. When supplied with hydrogen fuel containing H2S, the cell voltage dropped rapidly, and with increasing H2S concentration, voltage drop % increased (due to higher sulfur coverage on the Ni surface) and saturated more rapidly. A high concentration (50 ppm) of H2S led to an additional, slow rate voltage loss. In all cases, cell performance did not completely recover even after being supplied with H2S-free hydrogen fuel, because of the incomplete desorption of sulfur from the Ni surface. After the performance tests, nickel sulfides were detected on the Ni surface by Raman spectra, which were produced by the reaction of the remaining adsorbed sulfur with Ni during the cooling process. This indicates that the formation of nickel sulfides was not responsible for the secondary voltage drop. SEM/EDS analyses combined with FIB revealed that the reason for the additional 2nd drop was Ni oxidation; at a high sulfur coverage ratio (50 ppm), the outer layer of the Ni particle was oxidized by oxygen ions transported from the electrolyte. This indicates that H2S concentration as well as current density is a critical factor for Ni oxidation, and gives rise to the second voltage drop (irreversible cell degradation). The present work showed that the degradation behavior and phenomenon can differ significantly depending on the concentration of H2S, i.e., permanent changes may or may not occur on the anode (such as Ni oxidation) depending upon H2S concentration. 相似文献
974.
Ahed H. Zyoud Nidal Zaatar Iyad Saadeddin Cheknane Ali DaeHoon Park Guy Campet Hikmat S. Hilal 《Journal of hazardous materials》2010,173(1-3):318-325
Mineralization of phenazopyridine, 1, in water, under solar-simulator radiation was efficiently achieved using nanoparticle CdS-sensitized rutile TiO2, TiO2/CdS, 2, as photo-catalysts. Despite that, 2 showed two main drawbacks. Firstly, the system was difficult to recover by simple filtration, and demanded centrifugation. Secondly, the sensitizer CdS showed relatively high tendency to leach out hazardous Cd2+ ions under photo-degradation reaction conditions. In an attempt to solve out such difficulties, 2 was supported onto sand surface. The sand/TiO2/CdS system, 3, was easier to recover but showed slightly lower catalytic activity compared to 2. On the other hand, the support failed to prevent leaching of Cd2+. This indicates limited future applicability of CdS-sensitized TiO2 photo-catalyst systems, in solar-based water purification strategies, unless leaching out tendency is completely prevented. 相似文献
975.
976.
Mutual information in three (or more) dimensions can be considered as a Triple-Helix indicator of possible synergy in university–industry–government relations. An open-source routine th4.exe makes the computation of this indicator interactively available at the internet, and thus applicable to large sets of data. Th4.exe computes all probabilistic entropies and mutual information in two, three, and, if available in the data, four dimensions among, for example, classes such as geographical addresses (cities, regions), technological codes (e.g. OECD’s NACE codes), and size categories; or, alternatively, among institutional addresses (academic, industrial, public sector) in document sets. The relations between the Triple-Helix indicator—as an indicator of synergy—and the Triple-Helix model that specifies the possibility of feedback by an overlay of communications, are also discussed. 相似文献
977.
Hak-Yoon Kim Insoo Choi Sang Hyun Ahn Seung Jun Hwang Sung Jong Yoo Jonghee Han Jihyun Kim Hansoo Park Jong Hyun Jang Soo-Kil Kim 《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2014
Electrochemical reduction of CO2 to HCOOH was performed on a Sn electrode using a proton exchange membrane-embedded electrolysis cell. The effects of reaction conditions such as catholyte and anolyte types, reduction potential, catholyte pH, and reaction temperature on the amount of HCOOH and its faradaic efficiency were investigated. Four different electrolytes (KOH, KHCO3, KCl, KHSO4) were chosen as the candidate catholyte and anolyte; the most suitable electrolyte was chosen by monitoring the amount of HCOOH and faradaic efficiency. The effect of the pH of the selected catholyte on the conversion of CO2 to HCOOH was also investigated. In addition, the reaction temperature was varied and its effect was studied. From the observations made, we determined the optimal reaction conditions for the production of HCOOH via the electrochemical reduction of CO2 by a systematic approach. 相似文献
978.
Bongsoo Lee Gang-Guk Choi Yoon-E. Choi Minji Sung Min S. Park Ji-Won Yang 《Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering》2014,31(6):1036-1042
Microalgae-derived biomass has been considered as the most promising candidate for next generation biofuel due to its sustainability and biodegradability. In this study, microalgal strain Chlamydmonas reinhardtii was randomly mutagenized by using a chemical mutagen, ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS) to create mutants showing enhanced lipid production. We identified three random mutants that displayed high lipid production in the screening using Nile red staining. Among those, mutant #128 was selected as candidate for further studies. Our flow cytometry and confocal microscopy analysis revealed that mutant #128 contains larger and more abundant lipid bodies than that of wild-type. Moreover, mutant #128 showed 1.4-fold increased fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) content compared to wild-type under nitrogen depleted condition. In addition, mutant #128 grew faster and accumulated more biomass, resulting in high lipid production. 2D gel electrophoresis and MALDI-TOF analysis used for gene targeting revealed that β-subunit of mitochondrial ATP Synthase and two-component response regulator PilR may be involved in enhanced characteristics of mutant #128. These results show the possibilities of EMS mediated random mutagenesis in generation of mutants to produce high amount of lipid as well as further study for molecular mechanism of mutants. 相似文献
979.
Paik Bu-Geun Park Il-Ryong Kim Ki-Sup Lee Kurnchul Kim Min-Jae Kim Kyoung-Youl 《Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology》2017,31(9):4227-4235
Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology - The main objective of the present study is to design a bubble collecting section for use in ventilated supercavitation experiments. The large amounts... 相似文献
980.
Ki-Young Shin Yong Hoon Rim Youn Soo Kim Hyo Shin Kim Jae Woong Han Chang Hyun Choi Kyung Suk Lee Joung Hwan Mun 《Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology》2010,24(9):1901-1909
Gait analysis using 3D motion capture systems provides joint kinematic and kinetic analysis results such as joint relative
angles and moments that can be use used to evaluate the degrees of pathological gait patterns. However, the complex data produced
using these 3D motion capture systems can only analyzed by experts, because the gait analysis is highly coupled to the kinematics
of each joint. Therefore, several Several previous studies using gait analysis have relied on the data compression technique
to represent gait deviation from the average normal profiles as a single value. Even though it is important to evaluate gait
pathologies at the joint level, all these previous studies have just used a single value to evaluate the pathological gait
pattern. Using just one variable for evaluation of a gait is limited in terms of determining which joint movement patterns
are getting better during rehabilitation. Therefore, in this study, a method suitable for evaluating gait deviation during
a gait was developed to provide three indices for the hip, knee and ankle joints. In addition, to validate the proposed method
in clinical cases, experimental tests were conducted on thirty thirty-six normal walkers and six patients with cerebral palsy.
Furthermore, to validate the proposed method in regards to rehabilitation, experimental tests were conducted on three classified
walking groups with imposed ankle equinus constraints. The JNI for the hip joint, knee joint and ankle were 8.78 (±3.70),
2.92 (±3.25) and 8.79 (±4.38), respectively, in the normal walking group. However, these values were significantly different
for the pathological walking group with cerebral palsy. The JNI of the hip joint, knee joint and ankle joint were 203.73 (±171.59),
81.23 (±52.13) and 248.39 (±149.99), respectively, for this group. There were also differences between any two of the three
classified groups with imposed ankle equinus constraints. In particular, the JNI of the ankle joint was statistically different
at the p<0.01 level, and this parameter clearly increased as the degree of the imposed ankle equinus was increased. These
results demonstrate that the proposed JNI can be used as a scalar factor to evaluate the angular deviation of each joint in
normal and patient groups. In addition, this approach can be adapted to evaluate rehabilitation and pre/post surgery. 相似文献