Self-adaptive query-broadcast in wireless ad-hoc networks using fuzzy best worst method

Wireless Networks - Various broadcasting schemes have been proposed for a unified routing approach in Wireless Adhoc Networks. In their efforts, the researchers mostly aim to minimize the...     

Quinoline yellow dye stimulates whey protein fibrillation via electrostatic and hydrophobic interaction: A biophysical study

Amyloid fibril formation of proteins is associated with a number of neurodegenerative diseases. Several small molecules can accelerate the amyloid fibril formation in vitro and in vivo. However, the molecular mechanism of amyloid fibrillation is still unclear. In this study, we investigated how the food dye quinoline yellow (QY) induces amyloid fibrillation in α-lactalbumin (α-LA), a major whey protein, at pH 2.0. We used several spectroscopy techniques and a microscopy technique to explore how QY provokes amyloid fibrillation in α-LA. From turbidity and Rayleigh light scattering experiments, we found that QY promotes α-LA aggregation in a concentration-dependent manner; the optimal concentration for α-LA aggregation was 0.15 to 10.00 mM. Below 0.1 mM, no aggregation occurred. Quinoline yellow–induced aggregation was a rapid process that escaped the lag phase, but it depended on the concentrations of both α-LA and QY. We also demonstrated that aggregation switched the secondary structure of α-LA from α-helices to cross-β-sheets. We then confirmed the amyloid-like structure of aggregated α-LA by transmission electron microscopy measurements. Molecular docking and simulation confirmed the stability of the α-LA-QY complex due to the formation of 1 hydrogen bond with Lys99 and 2 electrostatic interactions with Arg70 and Lys99, along with hydrophobic interactions with Leu59 and Tyr103. This study will aid in our understanding of how small molecules induce aggregation of proteins inside the stomach (low pH) and affect the digestive process.     

Mussel-Inspired Deposition of Ag Nanoparticles on Dopamine-Modified Cotton Fabric and Analysis of its Functional,Mechanical and Dyeing Properties

Journal of Inorganic and Organometallic Polymers and Materials - Textile fabrics with functional properties have a huge interest in many applications, including protective clothing, packaging...     

Three-dimensional tilted hydromagnetic natural double-diffusive convection in a rectangular cuboid filled with nanofluids based on magnetic nanoparticles

In this article, we use magnetic nanoparticles to explore the three-dimensional natural upward force flow within a quadrangular cuboid under the influence of a sloping magnetic flux. We consider three forms of thermic conditions on the bottom surface of the cavity, such as uniform surface temperature, constant heat flux, and temperature varied parabolically in space. The Galerkin-type finite element method is used to solve the unitless leading equations of implicit physical systems. Ferrite-water nanofluid is the default, used to study the flow field, thermal field, and concentration field other than the regular Nusselt number. We examined the influence of many model parameters, especially the thermal Rayleigh number, volumetric nanoparticles fraction, the Hartmann number, nanoparticles formation, and the predisposition of magnetic flux. The influence of the position of the thermal flux on the lower surface of the thermal field cavity is also studied. The heat transfer rate of various magnetic nanofluids is compared. Our simulated data echoed nicely with the available experimental one. The results show that Mn-Zn ferrite-kerosene nanofluid exhibits advanced heat transportation more than the other nanofluids studied. For lower dimensions of aspect ratio and nanoparticle diameter, higher heat transfer is obtained. Compared with other boundary conditions studied, the uniform temperature on the bottom surface of the cuboid provides a higher heat transfer rate.     

Coupled and decoupled stabilized mixed finite element methods for nonstationary dual-porosity-Stokes fluid flow model

In this paper, we propose and analyze two stabilized mixed finite element methods for the dual-porosity-Stokes model, which couples the free flow region and microfracture-matrix system through four interface conditions on an interface. The first stabilized mixed finite element method is a coupled method in the traditional format. Based on the idea of partitioned time stepping, the four interface conditions, and the mass exchange terms in the dual-porosity model, the second stabilized mixed finite element method is decoupled in two levels and allows a noniterative splitting of the coupled problem into three subproblems. Due to their superior conservation properties and convenience of the computation of flux, mixed finite element methods have been widely developed for different types of subsurface flow problems in porous media. For the mixed finite element methods developed in this article, no Lagrange multiplier is used, but an interface stabilization term with a penalty parameter is added in the temporal discretization. This stabilization term ensures the numerical stability of both the coupled and decoupled schemes. The stability and the convergence analysis are carried out for both the coupled and decoupled schemes. Three numerical experiments are provided to demonstrate the accuracy, efficiency, and applicability of the proposed methods.