High-rate capable organic radical cathodes for lithium rechargeable batteries

Poly(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-piperidinyloxy-4-yl methacrylate) (PTMA) is the most common active material with a stable radical molecular structure used for lithium rechargeable cells. Because it is an organic active material, PTMA can be dissolved easily in various solvents. Using a solution of active material in the electrode making process, we formed an extremely large surface area between the active material and the conducting additive. The electrode has excellent power capability and can be charged and discharged in 1 min. We believe that this cell can be used like an electric double layer capacitor. We also believe that the cell, whose cycle life is good, retaining 89% of original capacity after 1000 cycles, can be put into practical use.     

纤维的结构和性能（Ⅵ）

本文介绍了ＰＥＴ高速纺丝纤维结构的形成，提出了取向中间相、取向结晶化的概念和有关理论．     

Far-infrared spectra of Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8 single crystal

The far-infrared spectra of a Bi₂Sr₂CaCu₂O₈ single crystal at 2.7 and 298 K is reported for the spectral range of 30–350 cm^?1. Several characteristic bands of Cooper pairs are found at 2.7 K in the far infrared region, and accompanied by low-energy side bands.     

纺丝及纤维成形的机理（Ⅳ）

本文以结晶性极好的成纤高聚物等规聚丙烯为例,对其熔融纺丝中结构的形成进行了讨论,对纤维成形过程中结晶结构与卷绕张应力、平均分子量、纤维性能的关系等结合实验数据进行了细致的阐述。     

纤维的结构和性能（Ⅴ）

本文介绍了ＰＥＴ高速纺丝纤维的结晶结构与纺丝速度的关系，并根据广角Ｘ光衍射图、小角Ｘ光衍射图和结晶格子常数提出了ＰＥＴ纤维的结晶结构模型．     

Competitive interaction of polyanions and 2-(4′-hydroxyphenylazo) benzoic acid with bovine serum albumin

The binding of the anionic dye 2-(4′-hydroxyphenylazo) benzoic acid (HABA) to bovine serum albumin (BSA) at pH 6.0–7.5 was studied by spectrophotometry. The values of the dissociation constants were obtained by use of a modified Langmuirtype equation for HABA. Competitive binding of the polyanions sodium poly(styrene sulfonate) (PSSNa), potassium poly(vinyl sulfate) (PVSK), poly(acrylic acid) (PAA), and poly(methacrylic acid) (PMAA), with HABA to BSA were evaluated by variations in the difference spectra of BSA-HABA-polymer systems.     

Estimation of interaction between polyanions and bovine serum albumin by means of affinity chromatography

The ligand binding of some polyanions to bovine serum albumin immobilized on Sepharose 4B has been studied by column affinity chromatography. Frontal chromatography using a polyanion of low concentration on an affinity adsorbent gave the dissociation constant K_d of the polyanion-immobilized ligand complex. K_d values determined under various concentrations enabled us to discuss in detail the interactions of bovine serum albumin and polyanions.     

Emulsifier-free emulsion polymerization of tetrafluoroethylene by radiation. IV. Effects of additives on polymer molecular weight

Poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE) of high molecular weight, 4.5 × 10⁷, was incidentally obtained at earlier study of an emulsifier-free emulsion polymerization of tetrafluoroethylene by radiation. In order to clarify this phenomenon, the effects of additives, in particular radical scavengers, on the molecular weight of PTFE and its polymerization behavior were studied. It was found that the molecular weight of PTFE is increased by the addition of hydroquinone, benzoquinone, α-pinene, dl-limonene, and ethylenediamine but is decreased by oxygen and triethylamine. A PTFE latex with molecular weight higher than 2 × 10⁷ was obtained in the presence of hydroquinone. It is concluded that additives such as hydroquinone and benzoquinone, which rapidly scavenge the primary radicals (OH·, H·, and e_aq^?) in the aqueous phase but not the growing polymer radicals in PTFE particles, are most effective in increasing the molecular weight.     

Mission Reliability for a Redundant Repairable System with Two Dissimilar Units

The distribution of time to failure for a system consisting of two dissimilar, redundant, repairable units is discussed. The system fails if it stays inoperable for more than a fixed time interval, measured from the instant at which both units broke down. The Laplace transform of time to system failure, and the explicit formula for the mean time to system failure in the special case are derived.     

Biotransformation of arsenic species by activated sludge and removal of bio-oxidised arsenate from wastewater by coagulation with ferric chloride

The potential of activated sludge to catalyse bio-oxidation of arsenite [As(III)] to arsenate [As(V)] and bio-reduction of As(V) to As(III) was investigated. In batch experiments (pH 7, 25 degrees C) using activated sludge taken from a treatment plant receiving municipal wastewater non-contaminated with As, As(III) and As(V) were rapidly biotransformed to As(V) under aerobic condition and As(III) under anaerobic one without acclimatisation, respectively. Sub-culture of the activated sludge using a minimal liquid medium containing 100mg As(III)/L and no organic carbon source showed that aerobic arsenic-resistant bacteria were present in the activated sludge and one of the isolated bacteria was able to chemoautotrophically oxidise As(III) to As(V). Analysis of arsenic species in a full-scale oxidation ditch plant receiving As-contaminated wastewater revealed that both As(III) and As(V) were present in the influent, As(III) was almost completely oxidised to As(V) after supply of oxygen by the aerator in the oxidation ditch, As(V) oxidised was reduced to As(III) in the anaerobic zone in the ditch and in the return sludge pipe, and As(V) was the dominant species in the effluent. Furthermore, co-precipitation of As(V) bio-oxidised by activated sludge in the plant with ferric hydroxide was assessed by jar tests. It was shown that the addition of ferric chloride to mixed liquor as well as effluent achieved high removal efficiencies (>95%) of As and could decrease the residual total As concentrations in the supernatant from about 200 microg/L to less than 5 microg/L. It was concluded that a treatment process combining bio-oxidation with activated sludge and coagulation with ferric chloride could be applied as an alternative technology to treat As-contaminated wastewater.