Inorganic/Organic Double‐Network Gels Containing Ionic Liquids

Highly robust ion gels, termed double‐network (DN) ion gels, composed of inorganic/organic interpenetrating networks and a large amount of ionic liquids (ILs), are fabricated. The DN ion gels with an 80 wt% IL content show extraordinarily high mechanical strength: more than 28 MPa of compressive fracture stress. In the DN ion gel preparation, a brittle inorganic network of physically bonded silica nanoparticles and a ductile organic network of polydimethylacrylamide (PDMAAm) are formed in the IL. Because of the different reaction mechanisms of the inorganic/organic networks, the DN ion gels can be formed by an easy and free‐shapeable one‐pot synthesis. They can be prepared in a controllable manner by manipulating the formation order of the inorganic and organic networks via not only multistep but also single‐step processes. When silica particles form a network prior to the PDMAAm network formation, DN ion gels can be prepared. The brittle silica particle network in the DN ion gel, serving as sacrificial bonds, easily ruptures under loading to dissipate energy, while the ductile PDMAAm network maintains the shape of the material by the rubber elasticity. Given the reversible physical bonding between the silica particles, the DN ion gels exhibit a significant degree of self‐recovery by annealing.     

Fabrication of Cu(In,Ga)Se2 thin films by ion beam sputtering deposition from a quaternary target at different substrate temperatures

Cu(In, Ga)Se₂ (CIGS) thin films were fabricated by ion beam sputtering deposition from a single quaternary target at different substrate temperatures (T _sub). The thin films were characterized with X-ray diffractometry, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and four-point probe technique to study the microstructures, surface morphology, composition and electrical properties, respectively. The results show that the films grown above 400?°C are of chalcopyrite structure. Cu(In_0.7Ga_0.3)Se₂ thin film was obtained when T _sub is 550?°C. The Cu and Se atomic percentage when T _sub is above 500?°C is higher than when T _sub is below 500?°C. With the increase in T _sub, the surfaces morphology of the films is denser and the resistivity of the films decreases.     

IE理论在营业厅固网业务流程优化中的应用

针对营业厅固网业务服务流程繁琐、服务不及时、客户长时间排队等待的现状,基于工业工程(IE)理论,重新定义IE理论图表技术符号,应用“5W1H”提问技术分析现状,确定需要优化的项目;应用“ECRS”4大原则优化固网业务流程。以某市营业厅固网业务流程为例,优化后客户平均移动距离由69 m缩短至34 m、高峰期平均停留时间由58 min缩短至29 min,说明使用该方法优化固网业务流程效果明显。这对于提高客户满意度、提升服务质量和效率以及企业竞争实力具有指导作用。     

带分布时滞分数阶微分方程非振动解的存在性北大核心CSCD

研究了一类中立型部分带有分布时滞且具有正负系数的分数阶微分方程,利用Banach压缩映像原理,通过克服算子构造和不等式放缩技巧,得到了方程有界的非振动解存在的充分条件,将其系数的适用范围拓展成不等于1和-1的实数,并通过算例验证了相关结果。     

A Focus on Interfaces

Interfaces define the bulk.It is widely known that many inter-esting phenomena occur at the interfaces separating two homoge-neous phases of matter.     

Y2O3对Ni-Co-W复合电刷镀层的组织与耐蚀性的作用

为进一步提高Ni-Co-W合金刷镀层的性能,在其镀液中加入纳米Y2O3颗粒,在45钢基体表面制备了Ni-Co-W/Y2O3复合电刷镀层。采用电子显微镜、能谱仪和电化学工作站等考察了Ni-Co-W/Y2O3复合镀层的组织和耐蚀性能。结果表明:Ni-Co-W/Y2O3复合镀层的组织较Ni-Co-W镀层细密、平整、光滑,微裂纹的数量和宽度均减小,且与基体界面结合较好;Ni-Co-W/Y2O3复合镀层在3.5%NaCl水溶液中的耐蚀性显著优于Ni-Co-W镀层,腐蚀后的表面只存在轻微的凹坑。     

数字波形记录仪测量控制系统研究

针对目前数字波形记录仪校准现状,利用多型标准可程控标准仪器搭建了自动测量控制系统,在VB6.0平台的基础上,开发了基于VISA COM函数库的自动测量软件。提出了"方案测试"的软件设计思想,将需要校准的功能或参数、设备的控制信息和校准点设置等编辑成测量控制方案,从而实现了测试的极大灵活性,在校准不同型号的数字波形记录仪时,无需改动软件平台就能达到测试目标。为开展此类仪器的自动校准提供了参考方法。     

Collaborative Design of Hollow Nanocubes,In Situ Cross‐Linked Binder,and Amorphous Void@SiOx@C as a Three‐Pronged Strategy for Ultrastable Lithium Storage

Although silicon‐based materials are ideal candidate anodes for high energy density lithium‐ion batteries, the large volumetric expansion seriously damages the integrity of the electrodes and impedes commercial processes. Reasonable electrode design based on adjustable structures of silicon and strong binders prepared by a facile method is still a great challenge. Herein, a three‐pronged collaborative strategy via hollow nanocubes, amorphous Void@SiO_x@C, and in situ cross‐linked polyacrylic acid and d ‐sorbitol 3D network binder (c‐PAA‐DS) is adopted to maintain structural/electrode integrality and stability. The all‐integrated c‐PAA‐DS/Void@SiO_x@C electrode delivers excellent mechanical property, which is attributed to ductility of the c‐PAA‐DS binder and high adhesion energy between Void@SiO_x@C and c‐PAA‐DS calculated by density functional theory. Benefiting from the synergistic effect of accommodation of the hollow structure, protection of outer carbon shell, amorphous Void@SiO_x@C, and strong adhesive c‐PAA‐DS binder, c‐PAA‐DS/Void@SiO_x@C shows excellent electrochemical performance. Long cycling stability with a reversible capacity of 696 mAh g^?1 is obtained, as well as tiny capacity decay after 500 cycles at 0.5 A g^?1 and high‐rate performance. The prelithiated Void@SiO_x@C||LiNi_0.5Co_0.2Mn_0.3O₂ (NCM523) full cell is also assembled and shows a reversible capacity of 157 mAh g^?1 at 0.5 C, delivering an excellent capacity retention of 94% after 160 cycles.     

Numerical simulation for rheological characteristics of alternating distribution of soft and hard rock layers

The difficulty of selecting appropriate rheological model and parameters for the alternating distribution of soft and hard rock layers was often encountered due to the unhomogeneity, discontinuity and anisotropy of rock mass. The Burgers and generalized Kelvin models were applied to the soft and hard rock respectively and the rheological parameters were obtained based on the method of optimum separation. By using the simulated code FLAC^3D, the stability of surrounding rocks of a certain underground plant was analyzed. The effect of surface load and weakening the parameters intensity of argillaceous and bioclastic interlayers between soft and hard rock on rheological behavior of layer composite rock mass was investigated. The results indicate that the rheological characteristics of soft and hard rock layer in composite rock mass can be described well with above two rheological models.     

2号高炉高冶强下的指标优化措施

在高冶强的生产状态下,高炉如何优化各项技术经济指标,降低其成本,从而提高产品竞争力,是现代高炉操作者积极探索的问题。梅钢2号高炉通过精料、优化操作、改进工艺措施等的实施,实现了高炉高冶强下的指标优化。