Bending Behavior of Steel Pipe Girders Filled with Ultralight Mortar

Bending behavior of steel pipes filled with ultralight mortar was studied by bending tests using a steel pipe, steel pipes filled with ultralight mortar, and steel pipes filled with light aggregate concrete and normal concrete. The steel pipe model filled with normal concrete had 1.8 times higher bending strength than the steel pipe model. The bending behavior of the steel pipe filled model with ultralight mortar was not improved when the compressive strength of the ultralight mortar was less than 1 MPa. However, ductility was much improved when the compressive strength was over 5 MPa, and the ultimate steel strain was more than double of the steel pipe model. The strains of steel and concrete in all the models were proportional to the distance from the neutral axis until the steel plate yielded. A simple analytical method was proposed to calculate the bending moments of the ultralight mortar filled steel pipes. The calculated values agreed very well with the test results.     

Glasslike Transitions in Thin Polymer-Melt Films Due to Thickness Constraint

The shear properties of thin films of star and linear polyisoprene (PIP) melts under high pressure were investigated as a function of sliding velocity (shear rate) using the surface forces apparatus. The results were contrasted with their bulk rheological properties; effects of thickness constraint on the shear behavior were discussed. The melts of PIP in bulk exhibit Newtonian-like constant viscosity at least at low shear rates (frequencies), which suggests that individual molecules flow with lateral sliding motion. However, thin films of PIP melts show tribological features involving apparent shear-thinning behavior, indicative of the correlated motions in confined geometries. The shear-property change from bulk rheological behavior to thin-film tribological behavior along with the thickness decrease reflects the physical states and their transitions in the systems; the thickness constraint induces glasslike transitions. Effects of molecular weights and molecular architecture (star-branched or linear) on the shear properties are also discussed.     

High temperature superconductor micro-superconducting-quantum-interference-device magnetometer for magnetization measurement of a microscale magnet

We have developed a high temperature superconductor (HTS) micrometer-sized dc superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) magnetometer for high field and high temperature operation. It was fabricated from YBa2Cu3O7-delta of 92 nm in thickness with photolithography techniques to have a hole of 4x9 microm2 and 2 microm wide grain boundary Josephson junctions. Combined with a three dimensional magnetic field coil system, the modulation patterns of critical current Ic were observed for three different field directions. They were successfully used to measure the magnetic properties of a molecular ferrimagnetic microcrystal (23x17x13 microm3), [Mn2(H2O)2(CH3COO)][W(CN)8]2H2O. The magnetization curve was obtained in magnetic field up to 0.12 T between 30 and 70 K. This is the first to measure the anisotropy of hysteresis curve in the field above 0.1 T with an accuracy of 10(-12) J T(-1) (10(-9) emu) with a HTS micro-SQUID magnetometer.     

Permeation measurements for investigating atomic hydrogen flux and wall pumping/fuelling dynamics in QUEST

In order to investigate the overall atomic hydrogen background and the dynamic characteristics of wall pumping/fuelling phenomenon, a permeation probe system has been developed and applied in the spherical tokamak QUEST. Reliability of measurements, within ±3% accuracy and a positive correlation with the hydrogen line emission over three orders of magnitude have been demonstrated for more than 3000 various plasma discharges. By comparison of the experimental permeation (flux) curves with the numerically simulated curves, the net incident atomic hydrogen flux is evaluated in the range of 1 × 10¹⁹ H m^?2 s^?1 to 4 × 10²⁰ H m^?2 s^?1. The atomic flux has been investigated as a function of various plasma operation parameters like RF power, gas pressure and magnetic configuration. Using the static particle balance and permeation measurements, the progress in wall conditioning has been investigated. An inverse correlation between the atomic hydrogen flux and improvement in wall pumping has been observed over the two campaigns.     

PBPAF／PBPA共混物相容性的研究

研究了双酚ＡＦ基聚合物和双酚Ａ基聚合物的共混相容性。通过用ＤＳＣ，ＴＭＡ测定单一聚合物和共混物的玻璃化温度来判别它们的相容性．结果表明，两种聚合物在部分组成比时有一定的相容性。     

Human leukocyte antigens associated with hyperthyroid Graves ophthalmology in Japanese patients

PURPOSE: Leptin is a recently discovered hormone that appears as a regulator of energy balance. It is important to know whether leptin concentrations are changed under conditions of altered energy homeostasis. Consequently, we examined the effects of exercise with fasting and exercise with feeding on circulating leptin concentrations in healthy men and in type 1 diabetic patients with normal body weight and well controlled diabetes. METHODS: Leptin concentrations were determined with radioimmunoassay. RESULTS: During a 3-h cycle ergometer exercise with fasting, leptin decreased by 42% (P < 0.01) in nine healthy men and by 23% (P = 0.05) in eight male type 1 diabetic patients. Leptin fell equally by 12% (P < 0.03) both in nine healthy men and in eight male type 1 diabetic patients who were studied as a resting control group. The absolute fall in leptin in healthy men was similar in the exercise and resting control groups (0.8 +/- 0.1 microgram.L-1 vs 0.8 +/- 0.2 microgram.L-1). However, due to lower leptin concentration before the exercise, the relative decrease (42%) was greater than during the resting control study (12%, P < 0.005). This difference was not seen in the diabetic patients. Fasting leptin concentration correlated positively with BMI (r = 0.75, P < 0.001) and fasting insulin (r = 0.71, P < 0.01) in healthy men as well as with insulin level (r = 0.54, p < 0.05) in type 1 diabetic patients. When exercise was performed with feeding, and this was associated with a significant rise in serum cortisol level (marathon run, 14 healthy men and 7 type 1 diabetic patients), leptin concentration did not change significantly. CONCLUSIONS: 1) During morning hours, leptin decreases both in healthy men and in type 1 diabetic patients, reflecting a diurnal variation of leptin concentration and the effect of fasting on leptin concentration. 2) The fall in leptin during morning hours is augmented by physical exercise in healthy men. 3) If exercise is performed with feeding and associated with a rise in serum cortisol level, leptin concentration remains unchanged. These data suggest that although exercise may reduce circulating leptin levels, the effect is small and can be counterbalanced by feeding or a rise in serum cortisol concentration.     

BMDP program for piecewise linear regression

Piecewise linear regression has potentially broad applications in medical data analysis as well as other types of regression. Various kinds of algorithms have been proposed for finding optimum piecewise linear regressions. This paper presents a BMDP program for obtaining near optimum piecewise linear regression equations. An idea intrinsic to the method is that restricting parameter space to a discrete set makes the difficult problems become standard problems. Any software having the variable selection feature in the multiple linear regression can be used to apply the method.     

An Improved Method for the Preparation of Schardinger β-Dextrin on a Industrial Scale by Cyclodextrin Glycosyl Transferase of an Alkalophilic Bacillus Sp. (ATCC 21783)

The formation of Schardinger ß-dextrin from starch by an alkalophilic Bacillus sp. (ATCC 21783) has been studied. Factors affecting the yield of cyclodextrins include the type, concentration, and dispersion of the starch; the time of the enzymolysis, the amount of enzyme used. A method for the preparation of Schardinger ß-dextrin on a industrial scale without using precipitants was devised. The final yield of ß-cyclodextrin was 3.6 kg from 15 kg of potato starch.     

Development of a simple method for fabrication of transparent conductive films with high mechanical strength

We have developed a simple method of fabricating transparent conductive films with a high mechanical strength on glass and indium tin oxide substrates. It does not require a large excess of organic solvents and polymerization catalysts and can yield smooth films by spin-coating of a mixture of a commercially available aqueous dispersion of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly(4-styrene sulfonate) and a neat liquid of tetraethyl orthosilicate. Preparation conditions such as feed ratio, kinds of additives, and annealing temperature and time were optimized to give highly conductive, transparent and mechanically strong films.     

Determining number of clusters and prototype locations via multi-scale clustering

In clustering algorithms, it is usually assumed that the number of clusters is known or given. In the absence of such a priori information, a procedure is needed to find an appropriate number of clusters. This paper presents a clustering algorithm that incorporates a mechanism for finding the appropriate number of clusters as well as the locations of cluster prototypes. This algorithm, called multi-scale clustering, is based on scale-space theory by considering that any prominent data structure ought to survive over many scales. The number of clusters as well as the locations of cluster prototypes are found in an objective manner by defining and using lifetime and drift speed clustering criteria. The outcome of this algorithm does not depend on the initial prototype locations that affect the outcome of many clustering algorithms. As an application of this algorithm, it is used to enhance the Hough transform technique.