Development of a virtual Couette rheometer for aerated granular material

A novel rheometer to study the behavior of granular materials in an aerated bed of particles has been developed. The device, called the aerated bed virtual Couette rheometer, is shown to be able to measure the shear stresses in the quasi-static and in the intermediate flow regimes. To validate the instrument, a Newtonian fluid of known viscosity was first sheared. The device was then used for measuring the shear stress of nonaerated glass beads with three -3D printed cells of different sizes to validate the optimal radial position, r*, where both shear rate and shear stress are independent of the cell radius. The results for the nonaerated glass beads displayed Coulomb behavior. The same behavior was observed when the bed was aerated. These experiments also showed that for a fixed shear rate the shear stress decreases as the aeration velocity, U. increases.     

Modified integrated optic Fresnal lens for waveguide-to-fiber coupling

The traditional design procedure for the waveguide Fresnel lens was carried over from those of bulk optics and micro-optics. In this design it is assumed that the lens thickness is negligibly small with respect to the focal length. This criterion does not hold for many integrated optic devices, in particular those with small mode-index modulations and long wavelengths. Under these conditions, the focal properties of the lens become unpredictable and the lens efficiency is reduced, both of which severely limit the usefulness of the lens as a waveguide-to-fiber coupler. To correct for this shortcoming, the standard Fresnel lens design procedure was modified to acocunt for the thickness of the lens explicitly. Both the standard and the modified Fresnel lens designs are outlined. A comparison of the limitations of the two lenses predicts better performance for the modified Fresnel lens. This is supported through computersimulation results for a pair of test lenses.     

华北平原不同种植模式作物耗水监测与特点分析

为探究华北平原不同种植模式的作物耗水与生产能力以评价其缓解地下水超采的潜力,于2021—2022年在中国农业科学院北京市顺义试验站进行了冬小麦-夏玉米、冬小麦-夏大豆和冬小麦-夏休闲3种种植模式的对比试验。利用大型称重式蒸渗仪监测各种植模式的蒸散、土壤储水和渗漏,使用FAO-56推荐的双作物系数法估算不同种植模式的蒸散量,同时分析了估算效果和蒸散与环境的响应特征,并比较不同种植模式的水分利用效率和产量、效益的相对关系。结果表明：3种种植模式的实测蒸散量与净辐射呈指数函数关系、与气温呈二次函数关系、与水汽压差呈线性函数关系,可以使用双作物系数法或非线性拟合公式较好地估算不同种植模式的蒸散量;冬小麦-夏玉米种植模式的产量、水分利用效率和经济效益最高,耗水量也最高,地下水净消耗量为197.52 mm,而冬小麦-夏休闲模式净地下水消耗量最小,比冬小麦-夏玉米模式低72.28%。未来需要结合华北平原不同区域可利用和开采的地表水、地下水资源量和土壤储水能力以及作物耗水量优化作物种植模式,以达到地下水的采补平衡。     

基于Android平台的屏幕水雾手机游戏的设计与实现

随着Android手机系统的普及,各种Android应用程序如雨后春笋般一下多了起来。“屏幕水雾”是基于Android平台开发的手机游戏软件,软件采用Java语言开发,开发环境是Eclipse,其主要功能为使屏幕上生成一层水雾图像,可以用手指涂写,以图像的直观方式展现在用户面前。“屏幕水雾”这款手机游戏简单、新颖,符合年轻人的爱好特点。     

IPFIX网络流量分析技术研究与系统设计

流量分析技术是网络管理的重要组成部分,为网络管理提供数据支撑.描述了基于流的IP流导出标准IPFIX(IP Flow Information eXport)的工作原理,分析了IPFIX流形成与处理的整个过程,并对流量分析系统结构进行研究设计.针对分析器可能产生的性能瓶颈问题,提出两点解决方案,并描述了收集器负载均衡的实现方法.     

西安城市住宅可持续发展调查分析

文章在整体上把握西安城市住宅建设的基础上,通过对居民的问卷调查,分析居民对现有住宅和可持续住宅发展的看法,从科学评价的侧面客观反映西安城市住宅建设现状及存在的问题。     

Natural frequency analysis of lattice boom crane theoretically and experimentally

International Journal of Steel Structures - Having knowledge of dynamic properties named as natural frequency and mode shapes during the design process is important to determine proper design...     

Hierarchically Structured Composite Fibers for Real Nanoscale Manipulation of Carbon Nanotubes

Carbon nanotube (CNT)-reinforced polymer fibers have broad applications in electrical, thermal, optical, and smart applications. The key for mechanically robust fibers is the precise microstructural control of these CNTs, including their location, dispersion, and orientation. A new methodology is presented here that combines dry-jet-wet spinning and forced assembly for scalable fabrication of fiber composites, consisting of alternating layers of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and CNT/PAN. The thickness of each layer is controlled during the multiplication process, with resolutions down to the nanometer scale. The introduction of alternating layers facilitates the quality of CNT dispersion due to nanoscale confinement, and at the same time, enhances their orientation due to shear stress generated at each layer interface. In a demonstration example, with 0.5 wt% CNTs loading and the inclusion of 170 nm thick layers, a composite fiber shows a significant mechanical enhancement, namely, a 46.4% increase in modulus and a 39.5% increase in strength compared to a pure PAN fiber. Beyond mechanical reinforcement, the presented fabrication method is expected to have enormous potential for scalable fabrication of polymer nanocomposites with complex structural features for versatile applications.