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991.
Three-dimensional Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations of heat and momentum transport in liquid Argon filled shear-driven nano-channels
are performed using 6–12 Lennard–Jones potential interactions. Work done by the viscous stresses heats the fluid, which is
dissipated through the channel walls, maintained at isothermal conditions through a recently developed interactive thermal
wall model. Shear driven nano-flows for weak wetting surfaces (ε
wf
/ε ≤ 0.6) are investigated. Spatial variations in the fluid density, kinematic viscosity, shear- and energy dissipation rates
are presented. Temperature profiles in the nano-channel are obtained as a function of the surface wettability, shear rate
and the intermolecular stiffness of wall molecules. The energy dissipation rate is almost a constant for ε
wf
/ε ≤ 0.6, which results in parabolic temperature profiles in the domain with temperature jumps due to the well known Kapitza
resistance at the liquid/solid interfaces. Using the energy dissipation rates predicted by MD simulations and the continuum
energy equation subjected to the temperature jump boundary conditions developed in [Kim et al. Journal of Chemical Physics,
129, 174701, 2008b], we obtain analytical solutions for the temperature profiles, which agree well with the MD results. 相似文献
992.
This paper proposes the patterned AC electroosmotic flows (AC-EOF) by simply grouping discrete electrodes together to form
various electrode configurations for generation of in-plane microvortices with clockwise/counter-clockwise rotation, and pumping
flow in a microchannel. The rotational direction of in-plane microvortices and pumping flow direction can be controlled using
the same electrode pattern by simple switching of the voltages on the electrodes. Microparticle image velocimetry (μPIV) was
used to characterize the flow fields of the generated in-plane microvortices and pumping flow. The rotational strength of
microvortices and flow rates of pumping flows were found to increase with the increase of the applied voltages, and an optimal
value was achieved at an appropriately applied frequency. Moreover, the dependency of the applied voltages, frequencies, and
the heights of the measured planes on the rotational strength of in-plane microvortices between the interdigitated and discrete
electrode configurations were examined. The discrepancy in electrode geometry results in a small performance reduction, whereas
it can be compensated for the ability of switching the rotational direction of in-plane microvortices using the same device.
The configurable in-plane microvortices and pumping flow in microchannels provide the potential for micromixing applications
and for the integration into a lab-on-a-chip system. 相似文献
993.
994.
Lun‐Ping Hung 《Expert Systems》2012,29(4):411-425
Spurred by rapid development of computers and Internet technology, online shopping is gradually overtaking in‐store shopping, because of advantages such as convenience, more choice of products or services etc. Online stores must devote a great deal of time and resources to locating and attracting new customers. Growing a customer base requires first understanding customers and then providing the products or services they need, thus encouraging customers to purchase more. This paper develops a system to analyse customers’ purchasing behaviour and track shifts in their interests. Customers’ purchasing behaviour is measured using proposed standard product loyalty status and standard brand loyalty status. Using these metrics, together with the preference map established for each customer, a marketing specialist can easily locate potential customers to target when a company launches a new product. The new‐product‐launch strategy proposed in this paper can be used to create a list of potential customers for a product being launched under a variety of conditions. A prototype system has been built to test the feasibility of the proposed new‐product‐launch strategy. The result shows almost 40% of potential customers respond to the recommendation positively. 相似文献
995.
Online learning has been rapidly developing in the last decade. However, there is very little literature available about the actual adoption of online synchronous assessment approaches and any guidelines for effective assessment design and implementation. This paper aims at designing and evaluating the possibility of applying online synchronous assessments in a formal credit course. Relying on the four dimensions of knowledge taxonomy, this paper describes four different online synchronous assessments for conducting a formal mid‐term exam, including synchronous quiz, synchronous practicum, synchronous essay and synchronous oral assessments. The designs were implemented and evaluated in a synchronous cyber classroom for an online credit course. This study identified the challenges and potential issues while conducting the online synchronous assessments, including (1) the extent of monitoring and cheating; (2) the lack of suitable software tools specifically for supporting online synchronous assessments; and (3) the need for a variety of online synchronous assessment methods for different subject matter. This paper concludes with some possible solutions, such as a short time limit for answering questions and a well analysed need of a software tool, to address all the issues. 相似文献
996.
Material selection is a very important issue for an electronics company as it includes many qualitative or quantification factors. The material selection problem is associated with design and manufacturing problems which have been widely investigated. This study develops a hybrid fuzzy decision-making model which combines the fuzzy weight average (FWA) with the fuzzy inference system (FIS) for material substitution selection in the electronics industry. FWA is employed to select a substitute material in an uncertain environment, while FIS is used for reasoning purposes. FWA with α-cuts arithmetic (FWAα-cut) is a popularly technology in decision-making problems. However, FWAα-cut may result in the following unanticipated situations: (1) unclear decision situations; (2) undecided results expressed by fuzzy membership functions; and (3) high computational complexity. Therefore, a fuzzy weight average with the weakest t-norm (FWATω) is designed as an alternative method for group decision making. In contrast to traditional FWA methods, FWATω obtains more visible fuzzy results for decision makers with lower computational complexity, and can provide exacter estimation by the weakest t-norm operations in uncertain environment. Thus, the proposed hybrid fuzzy decision-making model imitates an expert’s experiences and can estimate substitution purchasing in various statuses. A real material substitution selection case is employed to examine the feasibility of the proposed model; experimental results reveal that the proposed model performs better than the traditional FWA model in coping with material substitution selection problems. 相似文献
997.
Shih-Hao Hung Chi-Sheng Shih Jeng-Peng Shieh Chen-Pang Lee Yi-Hsiang Huang 《Computers & Mathematics with Applications》2012,63(2):573-587
Modern mobile devices, such as smartphones and tablets, have made many pervasive computing dreams come true. Still, many mobile applications do not perform well due to the shortage of resources for computation, data storage, network bandwidth, and battery capacity. While such applications can be re-designed with client–server models to benefit from cloud services, the users are no longer in full control of the application, which has become a serious concern for data security and privacy. In addition, the collaboration between a mobile device and a cloud server poses complex performance issues associated with the exchange of application state, synchronization of data, network condition, etc. In this work, a novel mobile cloud execution framework is proposed to execute mobile applications in a cloud-based virtualized execution environment controlled by mobile applications and users, with encryption and isolation to protect against eavesdropping from cloud providers. Under this framework, several efficient schemes have been developed to deal with technical issues for migrating applications and synchronizing data between execution environments. The communication issues are also addressed in the virtualization execution environment with probabilistic communication Quality-of-Service (QoS) technique to support timely application migration. 相似文献
998.
In this paper, we propose a new self-calibration algorithm for upgrading projective space to Euclidean space. The proposed method aims to combine the most commonly used metric constraints, including zero skew and unit aspect-ratio by formulating each constraint as a cost function within a unified framework. Additional constraints, e.g., constant principal points, can also be formulated in the same framework. The cost function is very flexible and can be composed of different constraints on different views. The upgrade process is then stated as a minimization problem which may be solved by minimizing an upper bound of the cost function. This proposed method is non-iterative. Experimental results on synthetic data and real data are presented to show the performance of the proposed method and accuracy of the reconstructed scene. 相似文献
999.
Chun-Che Lee Tung-Kai Liu Wen-Chi Hung I-Min Jiang Ming-Shan Tsai Chun-Te Lee Wen-Yao Huang 《The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology》2014,72(1-4):419-424
This study demonstrates a strong surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) of crystal violet (CV) dye by using SiO2 shell/Ag core nanoparticle in gradient-size surface plate. The excitation of CV dye can be enhanced by the localized surface plasmons of Ag core/shell SiO2 grains due to electromagnetic (EM) enhancement induced. For SERS resonance, the change of dielectric environment of grains results in red shift and magnification of spectra in varying SiO2 thickness. Herein, the enhanced SERS conducted the core/shell grain with an SiO2 thickness of 8.7 nm to magnify the intensity about 83 %-fold that is a direct evidence in enhanced charge transport and mutative dielectric environment. Figure
A simultaneous existence of gradient Ag core/SiO2 shell nano-grain affects the Raman scattering response by varying metal size and SiO2 shell thickness. The reasons were ascribed to the change of dielectric environment between Ag core and SiO2 shell as related to EM field effect. Herein, a various size are from (P1) to (P10), simultaneously, that prepare from a dynamical rotating of Z-axis in the thermal deposition process. Further, a significant consequence of SERS can be observed with optimization of core size and shell thickness 相似文献
1000.
Shou-Jen Chang-Chien Wen-Liang Hung Miin-Shen Yang 《Soft Computing - A Fusion of Foundations, Methodologies and Applications》2012,16(6):1043-1060
Cluster analysis is a useful tool for data analysis. Clustering methods are used to partition a data set into clusters such that the data points in the same cluster are the most similar to each other and the data points in the different clusters are the most dissimilar. The mean shift was originally used as a kernel-type weighted mean procedure that had been proposed as a clustering algorithm. However, most mean shift-based clustering (MSBC) algorithms are used for numeric data. The circular data that are the directional data on the plane have been widely used in data analysis. In this paper, we propose a MSBC algorithm for circular data. Three types of mean shift implementation procedures with nonblurring, blurring and general methods are furthermore compared in which the blurring mean shift procedure is the best and recommended. The proposed MSBC for circular data is not necessary to give the number of cluster. It can automatically find a final cluster number with good clustering centers. Several numerical examples and comparisons with some existing clustering methods are used to demonstrate its effectiveness and superiority of the proposed method. 相似文献