We have developed a novel technique for mass production of microfabricated capillary array electrophoresis (mu-CAE) plastic chips for high-speed, high-throughput genetic analysis. The mu-CAE chips, containing 10 individual separation channels of 50-microm width, 50-microm depth, and a 100-microm lane-to-lane spacing at the detection region and a sacrificial channel network, were fabricated on a poly(methyl methacrylate) substrate by injection molding and then bonded manually using a pressure-sensitive sealing tape within several seconds at room temperature. The conditions for injection molding and bonding were carefully characterized to yield mu-CAE chips with well-defined channel and injection structures. A CCD camera equipped with an image intensifier was used to monitor simultaneously the separation in a 10-channel array with laser-induced fluorescence detection. High-performance electrophoretic separations of phiX174 HaeIII DNA restriction fragments and PCR products related to the human beta-globin gene and SP-B gene (the surfactant protein B) have been demonstrated on mu-CAE plastic chips using a methylcellulose sieving matrix in individual channels. The current work demonstrated greatly simplified the fabrication process as well as a detection scheme for mu-CAE chips and will bring the low-cost mass production and application of mu-CAE plastic chips for genetic analysis. 相似文献
Phase separations in iron-rich Fe-Al-Co ternary alloys were investigated by means of transmission electron microscopy, differential thermal analysis and magnetization measurement. Two kinds of phase separations have been found at 923 K; A2+B2 and B2+B2*. The former occurs in a tongue-shaped composition region ranging from Fe-12 at % Al-15 at % Co to Fe-35 at % Al-45 at % Co and the latter appears in the small region bordering on the Fe-Al binary side of the A2+B2 field. These two-phase fields have theoretically been evaluated on the basis of the so-called Bragg-Williams-Gorsky model taking account of not only chemical but also magnetic interactions. The magnetic ordering accounts for the expansion of the A2+B2 coexistent region. In the measurement of magnetic properties, large increases in coercive force, Hc, and residual magnetic flux density, Br, were observed in the two-phase microstructures. 相似文献
Various Ti-oxide based photocatalysts such as the highly dispersed Ti-oxide species within zeolite frameworks, TiO2 nano-particles hybridized with hydrophobic zeolite adsorbents as well as visible light responsive TiO2 thin films have been successfully prepared. Characterization studies at the molecular level, such as X-ray absorption fine
structure (XAFS) and photoluminescence (PL), revealed that the highly dispersed Ti-oxide species within the nano-spaces of
zeolites possess a tetrahedral coordination and that they demonstrate unique and high performance for the photocatalytic decomposition
of NOx and the photocatalytic reduction of CO2 with H2O. A high photocatalytic reactivity for the TiO2 semiconducting photocatalysts could be achieved by blending them with hydrophobic siliceous zeolites which was equal to the
performance of TiO2 deposited with expensive Pt particles. The role of the siliceous zeolites can be described as a so-called “catch and release
effect of organic compounds”, i.e., (i) the condensation of the reactants within the hydrophobic cavities of zeolites and;
(ii) the efficient diffusion of the reactant onto the TiO2 photocatalytic sites. Furthermore, a novel photocatalytic system which can convert abundant solar energy into renewable H2 energy by the decomposition of H2O into H2 and O2 can also be achieved by using visible light responsive TiO2 thin film photocatalysts prepared by a RF-magnetron sputtering deposition method. The conversion efficiency of solar energy
into H2 energy may be estimated at ca. 0.1% from the initial rate of H2 evolution. 相似文献
Morphologic control of Pt supported titanate nanotubes was attempted by the hydrothermal hot-pressing (HHP) technique in order to improve the handleability as a photocatalyst. The bulk of Pt-nanocrystal supported titanate nanotubes was successfully fabricated without the H2 reduction process by applying the HHP technique. The bulky Pt-nanocrystal supported titanate nanotubes possessed dense microstructures, significantly sharp distributions of mesopores, and high Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area. Furthermore, the bulky Pt-nanocrystal supported titanate nanotubes showed the photocatalytic degradation activities of 2-propanol aqueous solution under UV-light irradiation. 相似文献
A double-skin system (double-glazed external wall) is an effective passive system that can be used to decrease solar heat gain into buildings. Detailed information on the thermal distribution of double-skin facades is necessary to design better systems that can provide thermal comfort and conserve energy. In this study, the three-dimensional thermal characteristics of double-skin facades that had the ventilation opening installed partially and were screened partially by the adjacent buildings were investigated by field measurements. To that end, field measurements were carried out on the double-skin exterior wall (9.4 m high and 27.0 m wide) installed in an atrium located in the west of an existing building during cooling period for typical summer conditions. Maximum air change rate of natural ventilation through the bottom opening up to the top opening is about 20–25 [1/h], the reduction ratio of total solar heat gain compared with those of non-natural ventilation is about 25%. The exhaust solar heat gain is about 100 W/m2 per inner glass surface area of the double-skin facades. Air temperature distribution of air space in the double skin was ranged from 30 °C to 44 °C, and heat gain difference ranged from 50 W/m2 to 130 W/m2. The influence of the ventilation openings and the shade conditions on temperature distribution of double skin is found to be significant and the double-skin system was verified to reduce the cooling loads effectively. 相似文献
Discotic liquid‐crystalline (LC) physical gels have been prepared by combining the self‐assembled fibers of a low‐molecular‐weight gelator and semiconducting LC triphenylene derivatives. The hole mobilities of the discotic LC physical gels measured by a time‐of‐flight method become higher than those of LC triphenylenes alone. The introduction of the finely dispersed networks of the gelator in the hexagonal columnar phases may affect the molecular dynamics of the liquid crystals, resulting in the enhancement of hole transporting behavior in the LC gel state. 相似文献
Case-carburizing of helical gears with large helix angles may form too large hardened layers near the tooth width end on the acute angle side (ACUTE-END), and adversely affect the bending fatigue strength. We investigated the bending fatigue strength of casecarburized helical gears with large helix angles up to approximately 40° through a bending fatigue test, hardness test, and residual stress measurement. We found that the case-carburizing formed large hardened layers near ACUTE-END, reduced the compressive residual stress near ACUTE-END, and restricted the improvement of the bending fatigue strength in a meshing state where tooth root stress became large near ACUTE-END. Based on the obtained bending fatigue limits, we revealed that ISO 6336-3:2006 overestimated the rate of increase of the permissible circumferential loads for helix angles exceeding approximately 30°, and ISO/DIS 6336-3:2018 underestimated this rate for helix angles near 30°.
We demonstrate the multiazimuth observation (360 degrees in principle) of InGaAs/GaAs quantum dots (QDs) by means of a 300 kV scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM), where both cross-sectional and plan-view observations are performed on a single STEM specimen for the first time. A cylindrical specimen with a diameter of 200-300 nm including the QD layer inside along the rotation axis was fabricated by the focused ion beam (FIB) technique, with the application of a newly developed mesa-cutting method to adjust the position and angle of the QD layer precisely. The 360 degrees STEM observation is realized by mounting the cylindrical specimen on a holder equipped with a specimen-rotation mechanism. High potential of 3D-STEM observation is briefly presented by showing high contrast images of QDs, dark field images, and moire fringes with various incident angles. 相似文献
The properties of a titanium nitride film prepared by a DC arc plasma jet were investigated by microscopic observations, composition analysis, and hardness measurements. Scanning electron microscopy showed that the film was composed of three phases, designated the A, B, and C regions from the outer surface. The existence of three regions was also supported by composition analysis and hardness measurements on the cross section. XRD patterns showed the presence of -TiN in the A region. In the B region, a number of voids were observed, which have never been reported in previous papers. These were made up from specific crystallographic surfaces. The C region also had a few voids which were somewhat different from those in the B region. In the matrix, an acicular texture was found and identified as -Ti solid solution by XRD. The cross section of the film changed the color determined by the nitrogen content. 相似文献