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991.
Microstructure and Phase Stability of Yttria-Doped Tetragonal Zirconia Polycrystals Heat Treated in Nitrogen Atmosphere 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Tai-Joo Chung Huesup Song Gyeung-Ho Kim Doh-Yeon Kim 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》1997,80(10):2607-2612
The low-temperature degradation of zirconia (ZrO2 ) that was doped with 3 mol% yttria (Y2 O3 ) (3Y-TZP) was prevented by the heat treatment of sintered specimens in nitrogen. The heat treatment of sintered specimens resulted in a surface layer that was stabilized by nitrogen ions, whereas the interior was only slightly affected by the heat treatment. X-ray diffractometry and transmission electron microscopy analyses revealed that the stabilized surface layer consisted of cubic grains with tetragonal precipitates. Although the presence of the surface layer decreased the strength of the sintered 3Y-TZP, the strength of nitrified specimens was maintained when low-temperature annealing was applied. 相似文献
992.
热溶过滤法脱除煤焦油沥青中喹啉不溶物的研究 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
以5种煤焦油沥青为原料,喹啉为溶剂,研究了热溶过滤法脱除喹啉不溶物(QI)等杂质的效应,目的是制备QI含量较低的净化沥青。结果表明:热溶过滤法可以有效地脱除喹啉不溶物,QI脱除率随滤网网目增加而提高,但阻力增加,脱除时间变长。综合考虑脱除率和实际可操作性,采用1000目的滤布,QI含量可以降到0.3%以下,基本能达到要求。采用凝胶色谱对QI脱除后沥青的组成和分子量分布的研究表明,热溶过滤脱除了沥青中的大分子组分,分子量减小,分子量分布变窄。 相似文献
993.
Joon‐Seop Kim Min‐Chul Hong Yeon Hwa Nah Yeonhee Lee Seunghee Han Hyun Eui Lim 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2002,83(11):2500-2504
The wetting properties of polystyrene‐based ionomers treated with plasma source ion implantation (PSII) were investigated by the measurement of water contact angles. When sulfonated ionomers were aged for a few days, the hydrophobic recovery for the ionomers became much slower than that for the nonionic polymers. However, when the samples were aged over 20 days, the water contact angle of the ionomers converged with that of the nonionic polymer. Thus, it was concluded that the ionic interaction between the ionic groups and the presence of ionic groups together resulted in the slow hydrophobic recovery and that the aging effect was significant for the ionomers. For the methacrylate ionomer of low ion content, on the other hand, it was found that the PSII treatment produced only a small change in hydrophobic recovery behavior. Thus, it was suggested that the low ionic content coupled with the small size of the ionic unit might cause changes only of a very insignificant degree in hydrophobic recovery behavior. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 83: 2500–2504, 2002 相似文献
994.
Chlorinated poly(vinyl chloride) (CPVC)/poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) membranes were prepared by using the solvent system tetrahydrofuran (THF)/n‐butyl alcohol (n‐BA) to investigate the possibility of pore size and pore‐size distribution control. The coagulation of CPVC/PVP solution was induced by the exposure to water vapor at 25 (±0.5)°C. The average pore diameter, dp, and the size distribution of pores on the surface of the membrane were quantified through the image analyzer from the images visualized by field emission scanning electron microscope (FE‐SEM). Surface pore size and distribution of the prepared CPVC/PVP membrane were strongly affected by the relative humidity (RH) in the environment and the content of PVP used as an additive. Particularly, in the case of CPVC membrane without PVP, the mean pore size was 0.15–0.2 μm, depending on the RH. The pore distribution became broad with the increase of the RH. The membranes had open pores as confirmed by the hydraulic permeation experiment. In addition, the water flux and membrane resistance (Rm) were greatly affected by the composition of polymer solution and the RH. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 86: 1195–1202, 2002 相似文献
995.
Yong K. Park Ho K. Lee Nong M. Hwang Houk C. Kwon Jong C. Park Duk N. Yoon 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》1988,71(6):297-C
Microstructures of Y-Ba-Cu-O superconductor were observed using a polarized microscope. Orthorhombic and tetragonal phases were easily distinguished by the optical etching with cross-polarized light. In the specimen cooled rapidly in oxygen, it was possible to see the path of oxygen diffusion by observing the variation of the twin concentration. At the boundary between transformed and untransformed materials, evidence for diffusion-driven transformation could be clearly seen. 相似文献
996.
Jae-Keun Lee Hee-Soo Shin Chan-Jung Park Chang-Geon Lee Jung-Eun Lee Young-Whan Kim 《Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering》2002,19(1):41-45
A laboratory-scale electrodewatering system, incorporating an electric field as an additional driving force to conventional
pressure dewatering, has been developed to decrease the water content of sludges generated in wastewater treatment. Consisting
of a piston-type filter press, a power supply and a data acquisition system, the electrodewatering system’s performance was
evaluated as a function of applied pressure, applied voltage, sludge type and filtration time. Experiments were carried out
using sewage sludges with the electric field up to 120 V/cm and pressure ranging from 98.1 to 392.4 kPa. Electrodewatering
involving a combination of electric field and pressure enhances both the dewatering rate and final dewatered volume. The final
water content of sewage sludges in the electrodewatering system can be reduced to 62 wt%, as compared to 78 wt% achieved with
the pressure filtration alone. The electrodewatering system shows the potential to be an effective method for reducing the
water content in sludges. 相似文献
997.
Summary The cyclopolymerization of 1,8-diethynylnaphthalene(DEN) and its copolymerization with diethyl dipropargylmalonate(DEDPM) were carried out by various transition metal catalysts. MoCl5-based catalyst was found to be very effective and gave almost a quantitative polymer yield. The resulting dark-brown homopolymer(PDEN) was partially soluble in chloroform, tetrahydrofuran, and dimethyl sulfoxide, whereas copolymer (1:1) with number avaerage molecular weight
of 2.1x104 by GPC showed good solubility in those solvents. The structure of the polymers was analysed by IR, NMR, and UV-VIS spectroscopies. From the spectral and solubility data, it is proposed that cyclized products with the conjugated system are formed. Room temperature conductivities of the I2-doped homo and copolymer were found to be about 7.5x10-3 and 5.1x10-3 S/cm, respectively. 相似文献
998.
Liang Xu Lei Su Hongjie Wang Min Niu Lei Zhuang Kang Peng Xingyu Fan Hongfei Gao De Lu 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》2022,105(8):5490-5500
Pursuing novel thermal barrier–coating materials with lower thermal conductivity and high-temperature stability can simultaneously improve the working efficiency and service temperature of a gas turbine. In this study, a series of high-entropy RE2(Y0.2Yb0.2Nb0.2Ta0.2Ce0.2)2O7 (RE = La, Nd, Sm, Gd, Dy, and Er) oxides were prepared though solid-state reaction. Through tuning the rare-earth cations, an order–disorder transition occurs from certain partially ordered weberite structure (C2221) to disordered defective fluorite structure (Fm m). All the high-entropy RE2(Y0.2Yb0.2Nb0.2Ta0.2Ce0.2)2O7 oxides possess low thermal conductivity in the range of 0.91–1.34 W m−1 K−1 at room temperature, which can be attributed to increased lattice anharmonicity and disorder, resulting in additional phonon scattering. Herein, we proved that the incorporation of heterovalent cations at B-sites in high-entropy A2B2O7 crystals is an effective strategy to reduce the thermal conductivity without compromising the decrease of oxygen vacancy. Moreover, the high-entropy RE2(Y0.2Yb0.2Nb0.2Ta0.2Ce0.2)2O7 oxides show the relatively higher thermal expansion coefficients of 10.3–10.7 × 10−6°C−1 and excellent phase stability at elevated temperatures. 相似文献
999.
Hyun Jin Chung Suk Jin Chung Min Ku Jeon Seong Ihl Woo 《Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering》2006,23(2):329-332
The ((Bi3.5La0.5)Ti3O12(BLT) thin-films used in this study were fabricated on a Pt(111)/SiO2/Si(100) substrate by a Liquid Source Misted Chemical Deposition (LSMCD) technique. X-ray diffraction patterns showed that
the BLT films were crystallized and no other phases were observed when annealed above 650 ‡C. Grain size and remnant polarizations
increased with increase in the annealing temperature, while leakage current densities decreased. The remnant polarizations
(Pr) increased from 2.0 to 4.8 and 19.0 μC/cm2 with increase in the annealing temperature from 650 to 700 and 750 ‡C, respectively.
The BLT films annealed at 700 ‡C in O2 showed a good fatigue resistance of reduced polarization by 10% after 109 switching cycles when 9 V of bipolar voltage was applied at a frequency of 40 kHz. 相似文献
1000.
用于确定双吸离心泵Suter曲线的三维内特性法研究 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
水泵Suter曲线是泵站水锤分析的必备条件之一。现有用于获取双吸离心泵Suter曲线的实测法具有难度大、成本高的特点,而间接插值估算法的精度又比较低,本文提出了一种通过水泵流场三维数值计算确定双吸离心泵Suter曲线的新方法,简称三维内特性法。该方法采用计算流体力学(CFD)技术,对双吸离心泵的水力模型进行三维造型、工况离散、流场计算及结果转化,以快速、准确地获取双吸离心泵Suter曲线,在正水泵工况、正水轮机工况、反水轮机工况、反水泵工况等工况下,计算出相应流量、转速、扬程和转矩关系。定量分析表明,相比于间接插值估算法,采用三维内特性法获得的Suter曲线中,Wh(x)的计算精度平均提高了39.2%,Wb(x)的计算精度平均提高了26.3%;在将采用该方法获得的双吸离心泵Suter曲线用于事故停泵工况水锤分析时,计算得到的系统最大压力降低了15.0%,管线发生汽化压力的范围缩减了81.4%,双吸离心泵的最大倒流量增大了11.9%,最大倒转速降低了6.1%,与实际测试结果更为接近。该方法为提高双吸离心泵站水锤分析精度提供了一种新技术途径。 相似文献